铁四角地区位于巴西圣弗朗西斯科克拉通的南端,主要由太古宙基底花岗-片麻岩、力达维汉斯(Rio Das Velhas)超群火山沉积岩以及古元古代米纳斯超群沉积盖层组成。米纳斯超群受古元古代泛亚马逊和新元古代巴西利亚2次造山事件的影响,形成...铁四角地区位于巴西圣弗朗西斯科克拉通的南端,主要由太古宙基底花岗-片麻岩、力达维汉斯(Rio Das Velhas)超群火山沉积岩以及古元古代米纳斯超群沉积盖层组成。米纳斯超群受古元古代泛亚马逊和新元古代巴西利亚2次造山事件的影响,形成了由西向东变形及变质程度由低至高的复杂格局。经过变质作用的条带状铁建造称为铁英岩,根据其成分可分为石英铁英岩、白云质铁英岩和角闪质铁英岩。铁四角地区大多数铁矿床赋存于这些铁英岩层位中,铁英岩的沉积时代介于2.58~2.42Ga之间。石英铁英岩和白云质铁英岩成分十分简单,前者主要由SiO2和Fe2O3组成,而后者主要为Fe2O3、CaO和MgO。两者的FeO含量都极低,Fe3+/(Fe2++Fe3+)比值接近于1,远高于世界上其他古元古代条带状铁建造。石英铁英岩与白云质铁英岩微量元素含量(<10×10-6)和稀土元素总量(8×10-6~35×10-6)都非常低,富集重稀土元素,具Eu、Y正异常和Ce负异常,与其他古元古代条带状铁建造相似。白云质铁英岩中白云石的C和O同位素相对均一,δ13CPDB为-2.5‰^-0.8‰,δ18 OPDB为-12.4‰^-8.5‰。δ13CPDB值与其他古元古代条带状铁建造完全不同,而与新太古代-古元古代海相碳酸盐的十分相似。铁四角地区大型铁矿床在古元古代早期沉积形成条带状铁建造后,在泛亚马逊和巴西利亚两次造山事件中,又经历了不同条件下涉及不同流体的复杂氧化和变质作用过程。在有利的构造部位,反复的热液流体作用是形成铁四角地区大型高品位铁矿床的重要因素。褶皱枢纽可以提高渗透性以及深大断裂能提供流体运移的通道,应是未来勘探的重要目标。展开更多
铁建造(Iron Formation,简称IF,TFe】15%)的概念由James(1954)首次正式提出,它最早是指美国Superior地区前寒武纪地层中的一类富铁的沉积岩(Van Hise&Leith,1911)。条带状的铁建造成为BIF(Banded Iron Formation),它曾被称为铁英岩...铁建造(Iron Formation,简称IF,TFe】15%)的概念由James(1954)首次正式提出,它最早是指美国Superior地区前寒武纪地层中的一类富铁的沉积岩(Van Hise&Leith,1911)。条带状的铁建造成为BIF(Banded Iron Formation),它曾被称为铁英岩、条带状赤铁石英岩和碧玉铁质岩等。BIF建造构成了铁矿的重要组成部分。展开更多
巴西卡拉伽斯(Carajás)铁成矿省的富铁矿床是世界级的超大型铁矿区之一,其位于亚马逊克拉通巴西帕拉州境内,分布面积约4000 km2,共约有60个矿床,以北山、南山矿床为主体,东山和圣弗斯铁矿次之(图1,Fabre et al.,2011)。该成矿省前...巴西卡拉伽斯(Carajás)铁成矿省的富铁矿床是世界级的超大型铁矿区之一,其位于亚马逊克拉通巴西帕拉州境内,分布面积约4000 km2,共约有60个矿床,以北山、南山矿床为主体,东山和圣弗斯铁矿次之(图1,Fabre et al.,2011)。该成矿省前寒武纪地层广泛出露,以太古界分布最广,其次为下、中元古界,岩层中以富含多期次的火山喷发物质为特征,太古界铁镁。展开更多
The effects of mechanical activation in a planetary mill on the structural changes and microstructural characteristics of the components of ferruginous quartzite beneficiation railings generated by wet magnetic separa...The effects of mechanical activation in a planetary mill on the structural changes and microstructural characteristics of the components of ferruginous quartzite beneficiation railings generated by wet magnetic separation process were studied using X-ray and laser diffraction methods. The results revealed the relationship between variations in the mean particle size of activated powders and the milling time. The crystallite size, microstrain, lattice parameters and unit cell volumes were determined for different milling times in powder samples of quartz, hematite, dolomite, and magnetite from the beneficiation tailings. The main trends in the variation of the crystallite size of quartz, hematite, dolomite, and magnetite as a function mean particle size of powder samples were revealed. Changes in the particle shape as a function of the activation time was also investigated.展开更多
Palaeosols associated with fluvial of the Siwalik Group are and lacustrine deposits that occur as thick multiple pedocomplexes. The bright red color of the palaeosol beds has been earlier interpreted as a result of ho...Palaeosols associated with fluvial of the Siwalik Group are and lacustrine deposits that occur as thick multiple pedocomplexes. The bright red color of the palaeosol beds has been earlier interpreted as a result of hot and arid palaeoclimate. However, as against this view, our investigations of the bright red palaeosol beds of the Lower Siwaliks suggest that the climate was cool and subhumid, instead of hot and arid during the deposition of these beds. Since cold climate is not very conducive to impart red coloration, further research is needed to explain the cause of these red beds. For this, the micromorphological study of soil thin sections was done which showed the presence of features such as dissolution and recrystallisation of quartz, feldspar and mica, compaction, slickensides, presence of calcite spars, subrounded and cracked nature of quartz grains, microfabric, complex patterns of birefringence fabrics, pigmentary ferric oxides, thick cutans and cementation by calcite. These features indicate that diagenesis took place on a large scale in these sediments. The positive Eh and neutral-alkaline pH of soils also suggest that the conditions were favorable for the formation of diagenetic red beds. During burial diagenesis of sediments, the hydroxides of ferromagnesian minerals got converted into ferric oxide minerals （hematite）. During deep burial diagenesis smectite was converted into illite and the preponderance of illite over smectite with increasing depth of burial also indicates the diagenesis of sediments. Thus, the red color of the Lower Siwalik palaeosols seems to be due mainly to the burial diagenesis of sediments and does not appear to be due to the then prevailing climatic condition.展开更多
文摘铁四角地区位于巴西圣弗朗西斯科克拉通的南端,主要由太古宙基底花岗-片麻岩、力达维汉斯(Rio Das Velhas)超群火山沉积岩以及古元古代米纳斯超群沉积盖层组成。米纳斯超群受古元古代泛亚马逊和新元古代巴西利亚2次造山事件的影响,形成了由西向东变形及变质程度由低至高的复杂格局。经过变质作用的条带状铁建造称为铁英岩,根据其成分可分为石英铁英岩、白云质铁英岩和角闪质铁英岩。铁四角地区大多数铁矿床赋存于这些铁英岩层位中,铁英岩的沉积时代介于2.58~2.42Ga之间。石英铁英岩和白云质铁英岩成分十分简单,前者主要由SiO2和Fe2O3组成,而后者主要为Fe2O3、CaO和MgO。两者的FeO含量都极低,Fe3+/(Fe2++Fe3+)比值接近于1,远高于世界上其他古元古代条带状铁建造。石英铁英岩与白云质铁英岩微量元素含量(<10×10-6)和稀土元素总量(8×10-6~35×10-6)都非常低,富集重稀土元素,具Eu、Y正异常和Ce负异常,与其他古元古代条带状铁建造相似。白云质铁英岩中白云石的C和O同位素相对均一,δ13CPDB为-2.5‰^-0.8‰,δ18 OPDB为-12.4‰^-8.5‰。δ13CPDB值与其他古元古代条带状铁建造完全不同,而与新太古代-古元古代海相碳酸盐的十分相似。铁四角地区大型铁矿床在古元古代早期沉积形成条带状铁建造后,在泛亚马逊和巴西利亚两次造山事件中,又经历了不同条件下涉及不同流体的复杂氧化和变质作用过程。在有利的构造部位,反复的热液流体作用是形成铁四角地区大型高品位铁矿床的重要因素。褶皱枢纽可以提高渗透性以及深大断裂能提供流体运移的通道,应是未来勘探的重要目标。
文摘铁建造(Iron Formation,简称IF,TFe】15%)的概念由James(1954)首次正式提出,它最早是指美国Superior地区前寒武纪地层中的一类富铁的沉积岩(Van Hise&Leith,1911)。条带状的铁建造成为BIF(Banded Iron Formation),它曾被称为铁英岩、条带状赤铁石英岩和碧玉铁质岩等。BIF建造构成了铁矿的重要组成部分。
文摘巴西卡拉伽斯(Carajás)铁成矿省的富铁矿床是世界级的超大型铁矿区之一,其位于亚马逊克拉通巴西帕拉州境内,分布面积约4000 km2,共约有60个矿床,以北山、南山矿床为主体,东山和圣弗斯铁矿次之(图1,Fabre et al.,2011)。该成矿省前寒武纪地层广泛出露,以太古界分布最广,其次为下、中元古界,岩层中以富含多期次的火山喷发物质为特征,太古界铁镁。
文摘The effects of mechanical activation in a planetary mill on the structural changes and microstructural characteristics of the components of ferruginous quartzite beneficiation railings generated by wet magnetic separation process were studied using X-ray and laser diffraction methods. The results revealed the relationship between variations in the mean particle size of activated powders and the milling time. The crystallite size, microstrain, lattice parameters and unit cell volumes were determined for different milling times in powder samples of quartz, hematite, dolomite, and magnetite from the beneficiation tailings. The main trends in the variation of the crystallite size of quartz, hematite, dolomite, and magnetite as a function mean particle size of powder samples were revealed. Changes in the particle shape as a function of the activation time was also investigated.
文摘Palaeosols associated with fluvial of the Siwalik Group are and lacustrine deposits that occur as thick multiple pedocomplexes. The bright red color of the palaeosol beds has been earlier interpreted as a result of hot and arid palaeoclimate. However, as against this view, our investigations of the bright red palaeosol beds of the Lower Siwaliks suggest that the climate was cool and subhumid, instead of hot and arid during the deposition of these beds. Since cold climate is not very conducive to impart red coloration, further research is needed to explain the cause of these red beds. For this, the micromorphological study of soil thin sections was done which showed the presence of features such as dissolution and recrystallisation of quartz, feldspar and mica, compaction, slickensides, presence of calcite spars, subrounded and cracked nature of quartz grains, microfabric, complex patterns of birefringence fabrics, pigmentary ferric oxides, thick cutans and cementation by calcite. These features indicate that diagenesis took place on a large scale in these sediments. The positive Eh and neutral-alkaline pH of soils also suggest that the conditions were favorable for the formation of diagenetic red beds. During burial diagenesis of sediments, the hydroxides of ferromagnesian minerals got converted into ferric oxide minerals （hematite）. During deep burial diagenesis smectite was converted into illite and the preponderance of illite over smectite with increasing depth of burial also indicates the diagenesis of sediments. Thus, the red color of the Lower Siwalik palaeosols seems to be due mainly to the burial diagenesis of sediments and does not appear to be due to the then prevailing climatic condition.
