Does Environmental Regulation Weaken Industrial Competitiveness?Inspirations from China’s Iron and Steel Sector

China＇s economic growth is heavily influenced by exports, while reconciling environmental regulation and economic growth requires handling the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial competitiveness well. The effects of environmental regulation on industrial competitiveness are largely subject to the institutional design of environmental regulation. Despite numerous studies on the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial competitiveness, a consensus has yet to be reached. Aside from differences in research methodology, these studies failed to give sufficient consideration to the impact of environmental regulation on industrial competitiveness. Such effects can be negative or positive depending on the design of environmental regulatory policy. This paper has investigated the relationship between environmental regulation and the competitiveness of China＇s iron and steel industry and discovered that tighter environmental regulation does not diminish the competitiveness of the iron and steel industry since the policy design of environmental regulation accommodates the tolerance of advanced production capacity and includes a reasonable cost sharing mechanism. This discovery is of important reference for China to develop rational policy design to balance the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial competitiveness.

新日铁节能举措

在消耗大量能源的铁钢产业中，节能是左右制造成本的重要经营课题。新日铁一直在追求着最高层次的高效能源利用率，经历了2次石油危机的70年代，通过连铸工艺，实现了制造能源的降低，70年代后半期至80年代，推进了大型排热回收设备的开发和引进，90年代左右，这种装备率基本达到了100％，这样。

Optimum blending of iron ore from Choghart stockpiles by using goal programming

Iron and steel industry is an important sector of Iran's economy.Choghart iron ore mine is an important iron ore producer of Iran steel industry.Phosphorous contained in the iron ore concentrates of Choghart mine has a detrimental effect on the steel making process,whereby this causes cracks to form in the refractory lining of blast furnaces.In the past,about 1.43 Mt of low-grade and 4.53 Mt of high-phosphorous materials had been transported to low grade and high phosphorous stockpiles,respectively,for future beneficiation.As a result of the progressive depletion of high-grade ore and establishment of beneficiation plant in Choghart,exploitation of these two stockpiles in this mine became an important issue.In this work,a linear goal programming(GP) model was developed in order to determine the optimum iron ore blend in terms of quality from low grade and high phosphorous stockpiles of Choghart mine.The model was solved by the SOLVER V.9 program.Results show that feeding with acceptable quality(w(Fe)≥50% and w(P)≤1.2%,mass fraction) materials can be blended from stockpiles that satisfy the needs of the Choghart processing line.

Eco-transformation of steel industry in China: from the perspective of industrial ecology and circular economy

Recently the behavior of human has resulted in the deterioration of global ecological environment, and global warming and environmental pollution have caused the occurrence of extreme events frequently If we repeat the reckless environmental overkill, civilization will enter a victous circle of decline and lose even the strength and vitality to live in harmony with the environment. At Present, China is in a speciat period of rapid economic develop- ment. Some enterprises focus on short-term profits and don＇t formulate long-term strategies. For example, with the rapid expansion of the steel industry, some serious problems have emerged. Based on principles of industrial ecology and the concept of circular economy, to develop a new development model, taking a new road to industrialization is very necessary. Re-examining the current steel enterprises, this＇ paper proposes the new methods of the integration of material, energy integration, water system integration and sharing of information and facilities. Through ecologi- calization of technology, system, and industrial structure and product structure adjustment, the eco-transformation of the modern steel industry will be gradually achieved in China

The Applications of High-voltage variable frequency speed regulation System in Main Exhauster of Sintering

Main Exhauster is one of the main equipment of sintering production. It needs to consume a lot of electricity. Therefore, the system＇ s reconstruction for energy-saving will effectively reduce electricity for the production. The paper takes an iron and steel enterprise that had successfully transformed the synchronous motors of main exhauster of sintering as an example, which describes the application of high-voltage variable frequency speed regulation system in main exhauster of Sintering, so as to provide a reference for other iron and steel enterprises.

Ecologically Inspired Water Network Optimization of Steel Manufacture Using Constructed Wetlands as a Wastewater Treatment Process

Traditional optimization models often lack a systems-level perspective at conception, which limits their effectiveness. Expanding system boundaries allow scientists and engineers to model complex interactions more accurately, leading to higher efficiency and profitability in industrial systems. Ecological systems have evolved for billions of years under conditions of material and energy shortage, and ecologists have defined analysis tools and metrics for identifying important principles. These principles may provide the framework to circumvent the limitations of traditional optimization techniques. More specifically, by recruiting functional roles that are often found in ecological systems, but are absent in industrial systems, industries can better mimic how natural systems organize themselves. The objective of this analysis is to traditionally optimize a manufacturing process by comparing the model with ecological and resource-based performance metrics in order to redesign the model with the addition of important functional roles that are found throughout nature. Industry partners provided data for this analysis, which involved building a water network for an existing steel manufacturing facility in China. The results of the traditional optimization model indicate a 23%, 29%, and 20% decline in freshwater consumption, wastewater discharge, and total annual cost, respectively. However, our ecologically inspired optimization model provides an additional 21% and 25% decline in freshwater consumption and total annual cost, respectively. Furthermore, no water is discharged. These results suggest that this unconventional approach to optimization could provide an effective technique not used by existing algorithms to solve the challenging problem of pursuing more sustainable industrial systems.

中国钢铁行业产能过剩研究悖论与理论反思

多年来,中国钢铁行业产能过剩治理效果不佳的困境彰显了政府调控措施与市场运行机制之间的冲突,形成了一定的研究悖论。本文基于中国钢铁行业在经营绩效、价格走势等方面的基本事实,从中国钢铁行业产能过剩问题的特殊性与研究悖论出发,对中国产能过剩问题的诱发根源、地方政府在产能过剩形成机制中的角色、产能过剩常态化论断的合理性、产能过剩评估依据与产能利用率计算方法等一系列问题进行理论反思,力求弥合理论与现实的分歧,塑造一个与经济现实相吻合的中国故事。