铜及其合金具有高导电性、高导热性、优良的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能,是应用广泛的工业材料之一,也是全世界众多机构及学者研究的主要对象之一。Web of Science(WoS)Core Collection数据库2023年发表并收录铜及铜合金领域的论文近8000篇,...铜及其合金具有高导电性、高导热性、优良的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能,是应用广泛的工业材料之一,也是全世界众多机构及学者研究的主要对象之一。Web of Science(WoS)Core Collection数据库2023年发表并收录铜及铜合金领域的论文近8000篇,文献计量学分析表明,铜及铜合金研究的传统方向依然受到很大关注,如铜合金的微观组织、物理化学性能、腐蚀性能等,而铜基功能材料更是当前铜合金研究的热点。中国科学院(>300篇论文)、中南大学、俄罗斯科学院、中国科学院大学、沙特王国大学、北京科技大学(>100篇论文)、中国科学技术大学、昆明理工大学、上海交通大学、哈尔滨工业大学等机构在铜合金研究与开发方面做出了显著贡献。本综述结合统计数据对2023年铜及铜合金材料的研究现状进行概述,介绍了铜冶炼和铜材料制备的基本方法,然后从5方面论述了铜材料的应用:1)铜合金结构材料;2)铜基催化材料;3)铜基电子材料;4)铜基再生材料;5)铜基储能材料。最后,对铜及铜合金材料的未来发展方向进行展望,并提出未来研究方向建议。展开更多
In the present study, yttria stabilized zirconia （YSZ） reinforced Cu matrix composite specimens were produced by spark plasma sintering （SPS）. For comparison, pure Cu specimen was also produced in the same conditi...In the present study, yttria stabilized zirconia （YSZ） reinforced Cu matrix composite specimens were produced by spark plasma sintering （SPS）. For comparison, pure Cu specimen was also produced in the same conditions. The effect of particles content on microstructure, relative density, electrical conductivity, and Vickers hardness was evaluated. The pin-on-disk test was also performed to determine dry sliding wear behavior of specimens under different wear conditions. After sliding wear tests, the worn surfaces were examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy （FE-SEM）. Microstructural study showed satisfactory distribution of reinforcement particles in copper matrix. The relative density up to 95%was obtained for all specimens. By increasing YSZ content from 0 to 5% （volume fraction）, the electrical conductivity of specimens decreased from 99.2%IACS to 65%IACS, correspondingly. The hardness of Cu-5%YSZ composite specimen was two times greater than that of pure copper. The volume loss and wear rate of pure Cu specimen were 1.48 mm^3 and 1.5±10^-3 mm^3/m under 50 N applied load and 1000 m sliding distance. However, for composite containing 5% YSZ particles, these values dropped to 0.97 mm^3 and 0.9±10^-3 mm^3/m, respectively. Moreover, the friction coefficient of specimens was changed from 0.6 to 0.4. The worn surface and debris observation indicate local plastic deformation and delamination as dominant wear mechanisms for pure copper, while oxidation and ploughing for composite specimen. Accordingly, it can be concluded that the Cu-YSZ composite could be a good candidate for the electrical contact applications in relays, contactors, switches and circuit breakers requiring good electrical and thermal conductivity and capability to resist wearing.展开更多
文摘铜及其合金具有高导电性、高导热性、优良的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能,是应用广泛的工业材料之一,也是全世界众多机构及学者研究的主要对象之一。Web of Science(WoS)Core Collection数据库2023年发表并收录铜及铜合金领域的论文近8000篇,文献计量学分析表明,铜及铜合金研究的传统方向依然受到很大关注,如铜合金的微观组织、物理化学性能、腐蚀性能等,而铜基功能材料更是当前铜合金研究的热点。中国科学院(>300篇论文)、中南大学、俄罗斯科学院、中国科学院大学、沙特王国大学、北京科技大学(>100篇论文)、中国科学技术大学、昆明理工大学、上海交通大学、哈尔滨工业大学等机构在铜合金研究与开发方面做出了显著贡献。本综述结合统计数据对2023年铜及铜合金材料的研究现状进行概述,介绍了铜冶炼和铜材料制备的基本方法,然后从5方面论述了铜材料的应用:1)铜合金结构材料;2)铜基催化材料;3)铜基电子材料;4)铜基再生材料;5)铜基储能材料。最后,对铜及铜合金材料的未来发展方向进行展望,并提出未来研究方向建议。
文摘In the present study, yttria stabilized zirconia （YSZ） reinforced Cu matrix composite specimens were produced by spark plasma sintering （SPS）. For comparison, pure Cu specimen was also produced in the same conditions. The effect of particles content on microstructure, relative density, electrical conductivity, and Vickers hardness was evaluated. The pin-on-disk test was also performed to determine dry sliding wear behavior of specimens under different wear conditions. After sliding wear tests, the worn surfaces were examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy （FE-SEM）. Microstructural study showed satisfactory distribution of reinforcement particles in copper matrix. The relative density up to 95%was obtained for all specimens. By increasing YSZ content from 0 to 5% （volume fraction）, the electrical conductivity of specimens decreased from 99.2%IACS to 65%IACS, correspondingly. The hardness of Cu-5%YSZ composite specimen was two times greater than that of pure copper. The volume loss and wear rate of pure Cu specimen were 1.48 mm^3 and 1.5±10^-3 mm^3/m under 50 N applied load and 1000 m sliding distance. However, for composite containing 5% YSZ particles, these values dropped to 0.97 mm^3 and 0.9±10^-3 mm^3/m, respectively. Moreover, the friction coefficient of specimens was changed from 0.6 to 0.4. The worn surface and debris observation indicate local plastic deformation and delamination as dominant wear mechanisms for pure copper, while oxidation and ploughing for composite specimen. Accordingly, it can be concluded that the Cu-YSZ composite could be a good candidate for the electrical contact applications in relays, contactors, switches and circuit breakers requiring good electrical and thermal conductivity and capability to resist wearing.
