机械力化学法活化铝系硅酸盐矿物降解六氯苯机理研究

针对六氯苯(HCB)在土壤中长期存在难以降解的问题,本研究基于机械力化学法,系统地探究土壤中固有成分铝系硅酸盐(高岭土、白云母和膨润土)对HCB的降解效果,讨论了球磨转速、球磨时间、HCB初始浓度等条件对HCB降解效率的影响。在HCB浓度为50 000 mg/kg的条件下,600 r/min球磨2 h后,铝系硅酸盐矿物对HCB去除能力由大到小依次为高岭土、白云母、膨润土,高岭土和白云母对HCB的去除率分别为90.13%、85.72%,膨润土几乎不降解HCB。HCB的去除率随着球磨时间增加而增加,与转速呈正相关。HCB初始浓度的降低有利于HCB的降解和脱氯效率,当HCB处于高浓度水平50 000 mg/kg时,高岭土和白云母的脱氯效率较低;当HCB处于低浓度水平2 500 mg/kg时,高岭土和白云母的脱氯效果提高,高岭土的脱氯效果优于白云母。利用ESR检测自由基信号发现,高岭土在机械力化学作用下产生了高活性氧类自由基,而白云母和膨润土未产生自由基。利用GC-MS分析HCB降解中间产物,当高岭土作为添加剂时,产生的自由基导致HCB的C—Cl发生断裂,经过连续脱氯过程,HCB的稳定结构被打破,形成了一系列不稳定的含Cl中间产物。综上所述,铝系硅酸盐矿物在机械力化学作用下能够高效降解HCB,而且便宜易得,不会造成二次污染,具有广泛的应用潜力。

Fractal structure reconstruction for alumina-silicate refractory fiber and simulation of the thermal conductivity

In this paper, it is proved that the intemal porous structure of alumina-silicate refractory fiber has fractal characteristics, which is reconstructed by the computer and the reconstructed structure further proved to have fractal characteristics. Based on the reconstructed structure, the network-thermal-resistance model is established to calculate the thermal conductivity of the fiber. It is shown that the calculated results agree well with the previous experimental ones, proving the correctness of the method.