铅中毒儿童血清锌、铜、铁、钙等元素含量变化

目的探讨铅中毒儿童体内锌、铜、铁、钙等元素含量变化。方法采用分层随机抽样方法进行抽样。在市区、农村、海岛共抽取540名儿童。对这些儿童进行血铅及其他元素(锌、铜、铁、钙等)含量测定,并分析这些元素含量在儿童铅中毒情况下有无变化。结果铅中毒组血锌水平(4.93±1.12)mg/L,明显低于非铅中毒组(t=2.282 P<0.05),其他元素含量两组无差异。多元逐步回归分析结果显示儿童体内血锌、血铜含量对儿童血铅水平有显著意义。结论补充适量锌制剂或通过膳食补锌可预防儿童铅中毒,减少铅对机体的毒性作用。

高寒地区500名健康儿童发锌、钙、铁、铜调查报告

于1992年5月至1992年8月在我国北部高寒地区黑河市共调查了0－14岁健康儿童500名发锌、钙、铁、铜调查结果除发钙明显低于正常值外，发锌略低、铁、铜无明显差异。

ICP-AES法测定钕铁硼镀镍溶液中的杂质元素含量

建立了用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定钕铁硼材料镀镍溶液中镉、锰、铬、铜、铁、钙、锌、铝、钴、钕、镨和铈12种杂质元素含量的方法;确定了仪器的最佳工作参数及各元素的分析谱线;通过采用基体匹配和简单的镀液稀释消除了电镀液中大量存在的基体物质对待检测元素测定的光谱干扰。实验结果表明:本方法中12种待测元素线性关系良好,线性相关系数R>0.999,检出限为0.005~0.690μg/mL,精密度和回收率实验结果表明,本方法具有简便、快速、准确的优点,能够满足日常钕铁硼镀镍溶液中杂质元素的快速检测要求。

Spatial Differentiation of Elements in Soils on Red-Earthy Hill Landscape of Central China

Samples of 21 soil profiles and 165 top soils from an area of approximate 1.5km^2 on red-earthy hill landscape were collected and analysed.The content of Ca,Mg,K,P,Fe,Mn,Zn and Cu in soils relate with the kind of parent material and the position of topography,however,there is great variation due to the local difference of the form of soil utilization.From the difference in spatial distribution of elements content,it is believed that eight kinds of elements are lost by chemical leaching and physical translocation,meanwhile some are added (such as Ca,P,K,Mg) and some mobilized (such as Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu and P) through cultivation,fertilization and irrigation in the soils on the landscape investigated.The sectional differentiation in abundance or deficiency of elements in top soils on the landscape investigated is distinct,which is important for carrying out agricultural management and reasonable fertilization according to local conditions.