Effects of Iron-zinc Combined Application on Yield and Quality of Tobacco

[Objective] This study aimed to improve the yield and quality of tobacco. [Method] Different proportion combinations of zinc sulfate and iron sulfate were applied to Jiyan 9, and its agronomic traits, field natural incidence, economic characters and chemical composition were compared among different treatments. [Result] Iron-zinc combined application improved the yield and quality of tobacco. Among all the treatments, Treatment 2 （FeSO4 15 kg/hm2 ＋ ZnSO4 10 kg/hm2） and Treatment 5 （FeSO4 15 kg/hm2 ＋ ZnSO4 15 kg/hm2） were the best. [Conclusion] This study will provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of yield and quality of tobacco.

Incorporating Simulated Zinc Ash by Kaolinite-and Sludge-based Ceramics:Phase Transformation and Product Leachability

Zinc is one of the hazardous metals commonly found in municipal solid waste incineration （MSWI） ash, and this study reveals the stabilization mechanisms when sintering zinc-laden ash and ceramic precursors as a waste-to-resource strategy. Using ZnO to simulate the zinc-laden ash and sintering with kaolinite and mullite ce- ramic precursors, both zinc aluminate spinel （ZnA1204） and willemite （Zn2SiO4） phases were found in the products under the tested thermal conditions. The results also indicate that kaolinite and mullite precursors exhibit different incorporation behavior, and ZnA1204 and Zn2SiO4 were found to be competitive as the Zn-hosting phases in the system. A prolonged leaching test was used to evaluate the leachability of potential product phases in the system. The concentrations of zinc in ZnO and Zn2SiO4 leachates were about two orders of magnitude higher than that in ZnA1204 leachate, indicating the preference of forming ZnA1204 for zinc stabilization. Furthermore, the alumi- num-rich sludge generated from waterworks could be beneficially used as a material resource to stabilize zinc in this study. The X-ray diffraction （XRD） pattern collected from the 1150 ~C and 3-h sintered sample shows the suc- cess of incorporating zinc into the ZnA1204 spinel structure with waterworks sludge precursor. The formation of ZnA1204 indicates a strong potential for employing aluminum- and silicon-based materials to thermally immobilize zinc and achieve the beneficial use of metal-laden MSWI ash.

DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF ZNTIO_3 MICROWAVE CERAMICS CONSOLIDATED WITH MGTIO_3

Stabilized ZnTiO4 was prepared by doping magnesium oxide through traditional solid state reaction. The experimental results indicate that zinc titanate crystals doped with magnesium oxide grow well and the decomposition into Zn2TiO4 and TiO2 is restrained through traditional solid state reaction, By adjusting molar ratio of MgO, better properties can be obtained The dielectric properties of the ceramics doped with 30% MgO（ molar percentage） sintered at 1060℃ are as follows：the value of quality factor is greater than 20000（6.5 GHz ）, the temperature coefficient of resonance frequency is about 2 ± 10^-6 /℃,the dielectric constant ranges from 180 to 22.Besides,it is proved that heat treatment can optimize microstructure and the value of quality factor, which increases from 23833.93 to 47584.00 after 2h of heat treatment at 1040℃.

Effect of PLA/ZnO Packaging and Gamma Radiation on the Content of Listeria innocua, Escherichia coil and Salmonella enterica on Ham during Storage at 4℃

The effect of ZnO and low y-radiation on PLA based-films was investigated to be used for food packaging application. Ham slices were inoculated with E. coli, L. innocua and S. enterica and then covered with PLA and PLA/5% ZnO films. The samples were irradiated with a y-radiation dose of 0.3 kGy at dose rate of 13.5 kGy/h. Microbiological analysis was performed at 0, 1 and 5 days on samples stored at 4 ℃. Results showed that no consistent reduction of bacteria was obtained, even at the fifth day of storage, when the ham was covered with PLA/5% ZnO film and no γ-radiation was performed. The use of γ-radiation results necessary to reduce the bacteria growth. In fact E. coli and S. enterica were not detected after 5 days of storage; whereas in the case of test with L. innocua a reduction of 1.3 log CFU/g was observed after 5 days of storage. The antibacterial results indicate that the presence of ZnO in PLA film is effective only for E. coll. The differences of the results obtained here with those reported in literature （where ZnO particles are reported to be very effective as antimicrobial material） are accounted for the different methodologies used. In conclusion considering the positive results, even if small, obtained here at least only for the E. Coli and considering that PLA/5% ZnO film shows, compared to plain PLA film, good tensile properties （especially Young＇s modulus and stress at yielding） and good permeability （to O2 and CO2） induce to consider the PLA/5% ZnO composite film usable for food packaging when long shelf life and food safety are required, considering also that it is biodegradable and compostable.

Effect of Mineral Processing Wastewater on Electrochemistry of Galena

Electrochemical technology was introduced to study the floatability of galena in some wastewater samples from different processes of mineral processing plant in Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine. It is shown that the residual collector molecules in the wastewater from the thickening of lead and zinc concentrates can benefit the formation of lead xanthanate onto the surface of galena, yet, some special chemical components in the wastewater from zinc tailings and effluent may induce some surface reactions on galena, and herewith the direct reuse of this water may bring disadvantageous influence on galena flotation.

Preliminary Findings on Yield Response of Potatoes （Solanum tuberosum） to Umostart Super Zn （11.46,0 ＋ 2 Zn ＋ Humates）

Field trials to determine the yield response of potatoes to Umostart Super Zn （USZ） fertilizer （11.46.0 ＋ 2 Zn ＋ Humates） were carried out in 2004 using the cultivar Tigoni. During the long rains season, the treatments included USZ at 15 kg ha^-1 at planting; 30 kg ha^-1 split into 15 kg ha^-1 at planting and 15 kg ha^-1 during final earthing-up; 30 kg ha^-1 at planting; and 45 kg ha^-1 at planting. Treatments during the short rains included USZ at 30 kg ha^-1 split into 15 kg ha^-1 at planting and 15 kg ha^-1 during final earthing-up; 30 kg ha^-1 at planting; 40 kg ha^-1 at planting; 50 kg ha^-1 at planting; 50 kg ha^-1 split into 25 kg ha^-1 at planting and 25 kg ha^-1 during final earthing-up; and 60 kg ha^-1 at planting. USZ was contrasted with Diammonium phosphate （DAP） fertilizer （18：46：0） at 300 kg ha^-1 and 500 kg ha^-1 applied at planting and a control in which no fertilizer was applied. The DAP 300 kg ha^-1 treatment was however, not included during the long rains season. The highest tuber yields among the USZ treatments were obtained in plots treated with 45 kg ha^-1 （27.11 t ha^-1） during the long rains and 60 kg ha^-1 （55.17 t ha^-1） during the short rains season. Application of USZ resulted in a yield increase of at least 3.90 and 19.06 t ha^-1 during the long and short rains seasons respectively.

Zinc （Zn2＋） Bioavailability of NPKCaMg-Fertilization induced Rhizosphere Soils of Triticale （x Triticosecale W.）

The primary objective to these study was to test NPKCaMg-fertilization induced ＂Zn（2＋）＂ bioavailability in triticale rhizosphere soils. Soil and plant samples were taken from experimental sites randomly, and were analysed in laboratory to plant available Zn^2＋） content. Zinc ＂Zn（2＋）＂ concentrations showed a large variability to interactions with soil＇s pH values. It ranged from 0.4 and 1.36 mg kg1. Soil＇s ＂Zn（2＋）＂ contents had been significantly lower than International Soil Limit （ISL） value （70 mg kgl）, consequently. Plant available ＂Zn（2＋）＂ contents from triticale rhizosphere soils in Leaf＋Straw ranged from 10.1 to 38.4 mg kgl, and in Seed from 26.9 to 52.0 mg kg1. ＂Zn（2＋）＂s Actual Translocation Index （ATI） from rhizosphere soils to Leaf＋Straw had as average 23.6, and to grain 43. 1. ＂Zn（2＋）＂ Leaf＋Straw bioacummulation （g hal） had as average 13.4, Grain 23.2, and total （Leaf＋Straw＋Grain） 36.6. ＂Zn（2＋）＂translocation from soils to Leaf＋Straw was 37% lower than to Grain. Ultimately, within the range of experimental conditions tested these results are present that ＂Zn（2＋）＂ tends to accumulate to triticale organs to create the conditions for toxicity effects in Food Chane.

ZnO对Eu:LiNbO_3晶体的性能及光谱性质影响

应用坩埚下降法技术,以同成份化学摩尔分数[x(Li2O)=48.6%,x(Nb2O5)=51.4%]为原料,生长出了以不同Zn,Eu双掺杂的LiNbO3晶体。测定了晶体下部与上部的X射线衍射图(XRD)、激发光谱、荧光光谱以及声子边带谱。Zn的掺杂量对Eu3+离子在晶体中的分布产生很大的影响。Zn掺杂摩尔分数为3%时,Eu3+离子在进入晶格时受到有效的压制。随着Zn掺杂摩尔分数提高,达到6%时,压制作用减弱。从Zn2+离子在LiNbO3中随浓度变化的分凝情况以及对Eu3+离子的排斥作用解释了Eu3+离子分布的原因。同时测定了Zn掺杂样品的声子边带谱。

重奖:党政一视同仁

1992年底,一些地方“重奖企业领导班子”的消息相继传开,对于我们的社会尤其是企业来说,这是继前年岁末珠海深圳经济特区重奖有突出贡献的科技人员以来的又一次“重奖冲击波”,人们在一阵短暂的并不过分显露的惊讶(“重奖”毕竟不是第一次听到了!)之余,开始议论、评说了。有不少人在关心:重奖“企业领导班子”的奖金如何分?就这个问题,本刊编辑部同较先实行重奖的柳州市取得联系,请该市研究会同志了解一下获奖企业的做法。这里发表的就是他们调查后写的文章。

Cadmium and Zinc Accumulation in Maize Grain as Affected by Cultivars and Chemical Fixation Amendments

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of soil amendments(lime,nano-Si foliar solution and used diatomite) on the growth and metal uptake of three maize(Zea mays L.) cultivars grown in a Cd and Zn-contaminated acidic soil.The addition of lime significantly increased the maize grain yields and decreased the concentrations of Zn and Cd in the grains and shoots of maize when compared with the control.Among the three maize cultivars,Yunshi-5 accumulated the lowest amounts of Cd and Zn in the grain.The concentrations of Zn and Cd in the grain of Yunshi-5 conformed to the Chinese feed standards.These data revealed that a combination of low metal-accumulating maize and chemical fixation could effectively provide a barrier to prevent metals from entering the human food chain.