网络交易错标价格问题评判思路的单一性与拓展

传统上,网络交易错标价格主要依照合同法的相关规定来评判,其性质大都被认为属于要约邀请,进而对错标价格的经营者无法律约束力。这种认定可能诱使经营者利用错标价格达到广告宣传的目的。2013年修订的《消费者权益保护法》规定了经营者的特别提示义务,它为拓展分析思路——从消费者权益保护的角度分析——提供了法律依据。有必要打破传统单一性分析的局限,确立在一些情况下经营者的错标价格行为对其自身具有法律效力,以防止经营者滥用价格自主权并保护消费者的利益。

电商商家标错价格构成重大误解的认定——基于裁判文书的案例分析

为了重新厘清重大误解适用的认定标准,文章以刊登在《人民法院案例选》2020年第3辑的关于重大误解的典型案例“赵某诉芭莎珠宝(深圳)有限公司网络购物合同纠纷案”作为研究的样本。借此案例展开关于重大误解的学术研究,分别从理论与实践的视角出发,继而得出了重大误解的适用必须满足以下三点:1) 符合意思表示错误的认定;2) 符合重大误解的主客观标准;3) 不应以相对人的主观善恶作为是否适用重大误解的必要条件。进而解释了关于重大误解的构成要件,进一步充实了该领域的研究成果。To clarify the criteria for applying significant misunderstanding, the article uses the case “Zhao v. Bazaar Jewelry (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. Online Shopping Contract Dispute”, published in the 2020 Issue 3 of “People’s Court Case Selection”, as a research sample. This case serves as the basis for an academic study on significant misunderstanding, examining both theoretical and practical perspectives. The study concludes that the application of significant misunderstanding must meet the following three criteria: 1) it conforms to the determination of an expression of intent error;2) it meets the objective and subjective standards of significant misunderstanding;3) it should not depend on the subjective good or bad faith of the counterparty. This thus explains the constitutive elements of significant misunderstanding and further enriches the research in this field.

配电变压器标识容量小于真实容量的判断方法

针对配电变压器大容量标成小容量问题,对累积的抽检试验数据进行了分析,阐述了配电变压器直流电阻、空载损耗、负载损耗与配电变压器容量的关系,并提出了配电变压器容量错标的综合判断方法。试验结果表明,综合利用直流电阻、空载损耗、负载损耗试验数据可较为可靠地判断配电变压器标示容量是否小于实际容量。

鼓励挑错好

鼓励挑错好胡正隆今年，邮发报纸《旧书交流信息》和《科技经济信息报》对提高编校质量采取了新的举措，花钱鼓励读者找错。１月１３日《旧书交流信息》登出规定：“挑出一个错（别）字奖１元”；“挑出一个错标点符号，奖０．５０元”，“挑出一例病句，奖１元”，“挑出...

数据搞错了一个零?

数据标错了一个小数点,数据搞错了一个零,这样儿的报道,不管是新闻还是旧闻,不论何时何地出现,都令人侧目抓人眼球。本文顺水推舟,干脆把它置顶,然后在问号的带引下,一路寻去。

视点月记

大约是春节过得太舒服了,戴尔官方网站的某些员工犯了糊涂,导致其原价8999元的27英寸液晶显示器2707WFP居然标价到了2515元,并对外销售。2月17日,这个消息迅速被网友传开。有便宜岂能不占？中外皆然。于是乎,众多人士开始抢购戴尔的2707WFP。到第二天中午,这款超低价液晶显示器的销售链接终于被删除,但已经有不少人收到了戴尔的确认消息并付了款。

也谈“把”字句教学

“把”字句对把汉语作为第二语言来学习的少数民族学生来说是个难点。在教学中仅用“处置”来解释“把”字句的语义 ,不能解决其学习难点 ,但采用语境导入、突出词序、双语对比、错句辨析的教学方法则可培养少数民族学生对“把”字句的汉语语感 。

METHOD FOR ALONG-TRACK DUAL-ANTENNA AIRBORNE RADAR'S GMTI WHEN THE ATENNA ERROR CHANGES PULSE TO PULSE

This paper presents a joint method of Doppler Beam Sharpen (DBS) imaging and Signal Subspace Processing (SSP) to achieve Ground Moving Target Indication(GMTI) for along- track dual-antenna airborne radar. When the error of the two antennas (also refers to channels) changes pulse to pulse, the method SSP is used to precisely calibrate the two antennas’ DBS images, then to detect the ground moving targets in the difference image of the two calibrated images. The method DBS-SSP is proved to offer performance improvement on the actually measured data and simulated data.

Elastic simulation method in an irregular polar coordinate system

When simulating the propagation of seismic waves in some special structures,such as tunnels and boreholes,finite difference forward modeling in the polar system has higher accuracy than the traditional Cartesian system.In actual situations,the polar space is the most irregular.To solve this problem,a forward modeling method for an irregular polar coordinate system is proposed to improve the simulation accuracy.First,an irregular surface of the polar space was meshed into an irregular polar system.After the transformation,the undulating surface was mapped into a plane one,and the wavefield was then computed in an irregular polar system.The Lebedev staggered grid was used to solve the wave equations in the irregular polar system.In addition,the artificial absorption boundary,cylindrical free boundary,and circumferential boundary conditions were used to absorb the boundary reflection.We selected three polar space models to demonstrate the new method in this study.The results show that the proposed elastic simulation method in an irregular polar coordinate system can produce more accurate and stable simulation results when modeling seismic wave propagation in an irregular polar space.Elastic full waveform inversion further shows that the irregular polar system elastic simulation method can accurately simulate the wavefield in an undulating polar space.

由商场标错价说开去

因商场营业员疏忽,所卖物品标错价格,这种事情在国内外都难免会发生。然而,在对待这一问题的处理方法上,国内外商家则大相径庭。报载,国内一大商场误将一件1700多元的大衣标成700多元出售后,商场想方设法找到顾客,要求补回货款,遭顾客拒绝后,商场向律师咨询,准备对簿公堂。而在国外,一位旅美华裔女士去一家乐器店选购钢琴,看中后,她将营业员叫到身边,这时,营业员才发现钢琴上的价格少了一个“0”,他先向这位女士道歉,请她稍等,他要向经理请示一下。不一会儿,经理从店堂后快步走了出来,老远便向这位女士伸出了手,笑着说,祝贺您,您花最少的钱买了一架最好的钢琴。

Mismatch repair gene hMSH2 protein as predictive maker for gastric carcinoma

Objective: To study the possibility of mismatch repair gene hMSH2 as a marker to predict the occurrence of gastric carcinoma. Methods: Immunohistochemical method was used to detect hMSH2 protein expressions of gastric carci- nomas (carcinoma group) and their surrounding epithelia (surrounding epithelium group) in patients and the epithelia (normal epithelium group) in persons without carcinoma. Results: The positive rates of hMSH2 protein expression in nucleus of carcinoma, surrounding epithelium and normal epithelium groups were 44.94% (71/158), 28.48% (45/158) and 11.76% (4/34), respectively (P=0.000); the positive rates of hMSH2 protein expression in plasma of the 3 groups were 37.97% (60/158), 27.85% (44/158) and 23.53% (8/34), respectively (P=0.084); the positive rates of hMSH2 protein expression in both nucleus and plasma of the 3 groups were 20.89% (33/158), 17.72% (28/158) and 2.94% (1/34), respectively (P=0.045). Although the difference of positive rates between carcinoma and surrounding epithelium groups was not significant (P=0.476), both of them were higher than that of normal epithelium group (P=0.018). Conclusion: Our findings show that the detection of hMSH2 protein expression in gastric epithelia may help to predict and diagnose gastric carcinoma.

“三角形的高”教学重构记

“三角形的高”是人教版四年级下册“三角形”单元“认识三角形”中的一部分教学内容,在这一知识的教学中,画三角形的高是本课必须达成的教学目标之一,也是本课的一个教学难点.学生在三角形作高练习中,经常出现以下错误: 1.“高”没从顶点出发;2.“高”与底不垂直;3.垂直符号标错位置;4.不会找直角三角形和钝角三角形的高.

Problems and Solutions Related to the Titles of Academic Papers

There are some problems related to the titles of academic papers, such as, titles incorresponding to the contents, and titles being too general or colloquial. It is imperative to increase the title quality of an academic paper through peer-review, or by checking grammar mistakes with computer tools. The editors should also aim to improve their academic level of knowledge.

中文期刊与中文引文数据库错引识别方法与成因解析——以2005年《中华妇产科杂志》的CSCD错引文献为例

【目的】解析中文学术期刊与中文引文数据库中错误引文的特征、成因与影响,以引起中文学术期刊编辑部与数据库编制机构对错误引文现象的重视,并为相关学者进一步研究错引现象提供方法论方面的借鉴。【方法】通过文献调研,以2005年《中华妇产科杂志》的中国科学引文数据库错引文献为例,讨论了中文期刊与中文引文数据库中错误引文的识别方法,初步研究了该现象的成因及影响。【结果】引文数据库中错误引文分为作者错著与数据库错标两种情况,陌生情境引用、字型或拼音编码相近、著录规则理解性偏差等因素均有可能导致引文错著;引用关系匹配算法的缺陷、施引文献作者的卷码著录遗漏及数据库信息导入方法的不完善是数据库错标型错引记录产生的主要原因。【结论】各方面应共同努力推动建立涵盖科学共同体所有利益相关主体在内的错误引文报告机制抑控错误引文的发生。

Calculation of Significant Wave Height Using the Linear Mean Square Estimation Method

Significant wave height is an important criterion in designing coastal and offshore structures.Based on the orthogonality principle, the linear mean square estimation method is applied to calculate significant wave height in this paper.Twenty-eight-year time series of wave data collected from three ocean buoys near San Francisco along the California coast are analyzed.It is proved theoretically that the computation error will be reduced by using as many measured data as possible for the calculation of significant wave height.Measured significant wave height at one buoy location is compared with the calculated value based on the data from two other adjacent buoys.The results indicate that the linear mean square estimation method can be well applied to the calculation and prediction of significant wave height in coastal regions.

Determining the approach speed envelope of carrier aircraft

Many factors,such as deck motion and air wave,influence the determination of the approach speed which has an important effect on landing safety. Until recently,there are no design criteria about approach speed of carrier aircraft in the current standards and available publications. Therefore,the requirements of stall margin, longitudinal acceleration ability,altitude correction and field-of-view on approach speed were researched. Based on the flight dynamics model,the flight simulations were conducted to study the effect of the response time of engine,wave off requirements,elevator efficiency and deflection rate on the approach speed. The results presented that the approach longitudinal acceleration and altitude correction ability had crucial influence on the approach speed envelope of the aircraft. The limitations of the control requirements,field- of- view requirements and gear were also given through the simulation and analysis. Based on the above results,the approach speed envelope were determined.

Weight and Efficiency Optimized DC/DC Converter Based on Multiple Interleaved Channels

Today, energy saving is one of the main objectives for engineers. In the case of mobile applications, energy can be saved by two different ways： decreasing the total masse of the system and increasing the efficiency of the overall system. This paper presents two optimization strategies to design a predefined multichannel structure of a boost converter which is dedicated to a solar airplane and used to interface PV panels and the battery system. The first strategy is a multi-criterion method that is able to trace the dependency between the converter＇s efficiency and its power density through the intermediary of the Pareto front. The second method, a mono-criterion approach, maximizes efficiency while respecting the constraint imposed on power density. The mono-criterion method that is applied to maximizing the European efficiency criterion showed that an increase in the number of channels enhanced the quantity of energy collected over a day by increasing the power density of the converter. At the end of the paper, the optimal design calculated was built to give an example of the result obtained by this design methodology. The results of the efficiency measurements made on a realized prototype are presented in this paper.

Unitary Application of the Quantum Error Correction Codes

For applying the perfect code to transmit quantum information over a noise channel,the standard protocol contains four steps:the encoding,the noise channel,the error-correction operation,and the decoding.In present work,we show that this protocol can be simplified.The error-correction operation is not necessary if the decoding is realized by the so-called complete unitary transformation.We also offer a quantum circuit,which can correct the arbitrary single-qubit errors.

Analyzing Interlanguage of Non-English Majors by Proposed Semantic Criteria

本研究旨在从语义视角对中介语进行分析探讨。首先,笔者对吉林省一所独立高校中随机抽取的118名非英语专业学生英语作文中的错误表达进行分析。从语言的核心成分——语义出发,提出了五个语义分析标准, 即: 语义是否可被猜出,是否可被接受,是否有歧义,是否适切,是否表达形式正确。研究表明,这五个语义标准的提出对于分析中介语现象较具说服力,因为它弥补了传统分析方法"重形式,轻意义"的不足,为中介语研究提供了新的分类标准。

A full-duplex optical access system with hybrid 64/16/4QAM-OFDM downlink

A full-duplex optical passive access scheme is proposed and verified by simulation, in which hybrid 64/16/4-quadrature amplitude modulation(64/16/4QAM) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) optical signal is for downstream transmission and non-return-to-zero(NRZ) optical signal is for upstream transmission. In view of the transmitting and receiving process for downlink optical signal, in-phase/quadrature-phase(I/Q) modulation based on Mach-Zehnder modulator(MZM) and homodyne coherent detection technology are employed, respectively. The simulation results show that the bit error ratio(BER) less than hardware decision forward error correction(HD-FEC) threshold is successfully obtained over transmission path with 20-km-long standard single mode fiber(SSMF) for hybrid downlink modulation OFDM optical signal. In addition, by dividing the system bandwidth into several subchannels consisting of some continuous subcarriers, it is convenient for users to select different channels depending on requirements of communication.