The idea that approximate exactness is the most we can and should expect scientific theories to yield underlies the formation and application of the multi-valued logic of approximation discussed in this paper. In this...The idea that approximate exactness is the most we can and should expect scientific theories to yield underlies the formation and application of the multi-valued logic of approximation discussed in this paper. In this logic, inexactness （measured by truth values） is controlled and minimized by means of uniquely designed deductions. We show how the notion of equality （including substitution of equals） is handled within this logic and we apply it to certain principles and interpretations of quantum theory.展开更多
This paper proposes a low-complexity spatial-domain Error Concealment (EC) algorithm for recovering consecutive blocks error in still images or Intra-coded (I) frames of video sequences. The proposed algorithm works w...This paper proposes a low-complexity spatial-domain Error Concealment (EC) algorithm for recovering consecutive blocks error in still images or Intra-coded (I) frames of video sequences. The proposed algorithm works with the following steps. Firstly the Sobel operator is performed on the top and bottom adjacent pixels to detect the most likely edge direction of current block area. After that one-Dimensional (1D) matching is used on the available block boundaries. Displacement between edge direction candidate and most likely edge direction is taken into consideration as an important factor to improve stability of 1D boundary matching. Then the corrupted pixels are recovered by linear weighting interpolation along the estimated edge direction. Finally the interpolated values are merged to get last recovered picture. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms obtain good subjective quality and higher Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) than the methods in literatures for most images.展开更多
The ability to predict groundwater fluxes with a minimum of effort and measurement is an important objective. Numerical modeling is one approach to obtain such a prediction. Predictions of groundwater fluxes can be us...The ability to predict groundwater fluxes with a minimum of effort and measurement is an important objective. Numerical modeling is one approach to obtain such a prediction. Predictions of groundwater fluxes can be used to determine fluxes of other materials such as salt and nutrients. In this paper an analytical model is developed to predict the flow of groundwater from mangrove forest to the creek. The model uses the geometry and hydraulic conductivity of the mangrove forest sediment, which is inundated by tidal water from day zero to day five, with the flux ranged from 0.026 to 0.007 m^3/（m^2.day） with the average error is about 10%. The solution for the groundwater flow is written in terms of an analytic series solution, based on two dimensional potential flow. The approach is basically to solve the hydraulic potential flow for steady state conditions using the Laplace equation. The advantages of this method are that it is simple but accurate, and the error in the computation can be readily calculated. The result of this model is then compared to the result of the field measurement from also day zero to day five after inundation, which ranged from 0.030 to 0.013 m3/（m2.day） with the average error is about 40%. From the above results, it is concluded that the series solution model can be used to calculate the flux of the groundwater, especially in the mangrove forest area.展开更多
文摘The idea that approximate exactness is the most we can and should expect scientific theories to yield underlies the formation and application of the multi-valued logic of approximation discussed in this paper. In this logic, inexactness （measured by truth values） is controlled and minimized by means of uniquely designed deductions. We show how the notion of equality （including substitution of equals） is handled within this logic and we apply it to certain principles and interpretations of quantum theory.
基金Supported by Doctor’s Foundation in Natural Science of Hebei Province of China (No.B2004129).
文摘This paper proposes a low-complexity spatial-domain Error Concealment (EC) algorithm for recovering consecutive blocks error in still images or Intra-coded (I) frames of video sequences. The proposed algorithm works with the following steps. Firstly the Sobel operator is performed on the top and bottom adjacent pixels to detect the most likely edge direction of current block area. After that one-Dimensional (1D) matching is used on the available block boundaries. Displacement between edge direction candidate and most likely edge direction is taken into consideration as an important factor to improve stability of 1D boundary matching. Then the corrupted pixels are recovered by linear weighting interpolation along the estimated edge direction. Finally the interpolated values are merged to get last recovered picture. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms obtain good subjective quality and higher Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) than the methods in literatures for most images.
文摘The ability to predict groundwater fluxes with a minimum of effort and measurement is an important objective. Numerical modeling is one approach to obtain such a prediction. Predictions of groundwater fluxes can be used to determine fluxes of other materials such as salt and nutrients. In this paper an analytical model is developed to predict the flow of groundwater from mangrove forest to the creek. The model uses the geometry and hydraulic conductivity of the mangrove forest sediment, which is inundated by tidal water from day zero to day five, with the flux ranged from 0.026 to 0.007 m^3/（m^2.day） with the average error is about 10%. The solution for the groundwater flow is written in terms of an analytic series solution, based on two dimensional potential flow. The approach is basically to solve the hydraulic potential flow for steady state conditions using the Laplace equation. The advantages of this method are that it is simple but accurate, and the error in the computation can be readily calculated. The result of this model is then compared to the result of the field measurement from also day zero to day five after inundation, which ranged from 0.030 to 0.013 m3/（m2.day） with the average error is about 40%. From the above results, it is concluded that the series solution model can be used to calculate the flux of the groundwater, especially in the mangrove forest area.
