工艺参数对镁合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜色度的影响

通过正交试验获得适合于镁合金表面微弧氧化深色陶瓷膜处理的新型溶液配方,进而研究了不同工艺参数对陶瓷膜色度的影响;利用XES,XPS对陶瓷膜成分、结构进行分析,探讨了不同色度陶瓷膜层显色机理。结果表明,在N1N2CN3体系中膜层色度随浓度、电压、电流密度、温度增加而变深。当浓度比为50∶15∶3∶5,55∶30∶4∶20时可获绿色和棕色系列膜层。电压在350～450V,电流密度2.7～8A/dm2,温度35～45℃时可获得色度均匀、光滑的深色理想膜层,但电压、电流密度过大、温度过高会导致膜层质量不高。膜层色度变化主要是由膜层中钒的氧化物含量不同所致。

镁合金微弧氧化工艺及陶瓷层耐蚀性能研究

通过单因素试验讨论了镁合金微弧氧化电解液各组分对成膜的作用，得到电解液最佳配方：10g／L（NaP03）6，5g／LNH4F，6g／LKOH，6mL／LC3H8O3。用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）和能谱（EDS）分析了陶瓷膜层的表面形貌、截面形貌、相组成及元素组成；采用点滴试验、交流阻抗和盐雾试验考察了陶瓷层的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明：膜层表面分布着大量均匀的放电微孔，孔径在1～3μm之间，膜层截面内层与基体过渡部分呈犬牙交错状态，结合良好；膜层由大量非晶态相及少量MgO组成，耐蚀性能优良。P与F元素的存在，证明了电解液组分较好地参与了微弧氧化反应。

电压增幅对镁合金微弧氧化膜层性能的影响

研究了硅酸盐体系微弧氧化过程中,电源电压增幅对放电火花形态及AZ91D镁合金膜层的厚度、表面形貌和耐蚀性有影响。结果表明,随着脉冲电压增加,电弧的弧斑亮度增强、尺寸变大,但数目减少,大弧倾向增加;微弧氧化膜层的厚度增厚,但成膜速率降低;膜层表面熔融物颗粒增大,表面孔径增加,粗糙度增加;腐蚀率呈现出先减小后增加的趋势。当电压增幅为100～150V时,其过程稳定性、成膜速率、膜层外观质量和耐蚀性等方面的综合性能相对最优。

C_3H_8O_3含量对AZ91D镁合金微弧氧化过程及膜层特性的影响

在含有不同C3H8O3含量的硅铝复合电解液中,利用交流脉冲电源在AZ91D镁合金基体上制备了一系列微弧氧化膜。利用SEM和膜层测厚仪分别研究了陶瓷膜层的微观形貌特征及厚度,采用全浸泡实验和电化学阻抗谱测试了膜层在3.5%NaCl中性溶液中的耐蚀性能。结果表明,微弧氧化过程中的起弧电压和终止电压均随C3H8O3含量的增加而呈上升的变化趋势。随着C3H8O3含量的增加,膜层耐蚀性先提高后降低,而膜厚变化幅度不大。膜层的耐蚀性主要取决于内部致密层,当C3H8O3含量为5 mL/L时,膜层相对较致密,因而表现出良好的耐蚀性能。

镁合金微弧氧化表面处理研究进展

应用微弧氧化可在镁合金表面生成氧化陶瓷膜层,增强镁合金的耐腐蚀性。本文首先对镁合金微弧氧化表面处理进行了概述,介绍了对几种镁合金基体进行微弧氧化处理的相关研究,并对镁合金微弧氧化膜生物活性的研究进行了简述,最后总结了镁合金微弧氧化技术的优点及存在的一些不足。

纳米Al_2O_3掺杂AZ31B镁合金表面微弧氧化膜的结构与性能

通过超声辅助微弧氧化的方法,在掺杂纳米Al_2O_3颗粒的硅酸盐溶液中制备AZ31B镁合金表面耐蚀耐磨涂层。采用SEM和XRD表征涂层的表面/截面形貌及物相组成,利用电化学方法考察基体及涂层样品在3.5%Na Cl溶液中的腐蚀行为,利用球-盘干磨损实验考察膜层的室温摩擦磨损行为。结果表明:与改性前相比,掺杂Al_2O_3颗粒可提高陶瓷膜致密性,并促进膜层生长,表面微孔分布更均匀,尺寸更小,其物相组成主要包括Mg O,Mg Si O3和Al_2O_3;膜层的Icorr降低了一个数量级;在5和10 N载荷下的摩擦系数最低。Al_2O_3颗粒在超声分散和微弧的高温高压作用下,弥散分布于氧化膜及微孔内部,膜层致密化及纳米颗粒的"滚动效应"增强了膜层对基体的耐蚀耐磨防护性能。

Influence of nano-SiC on microstructure and property of MAO coating formed on AZ91D magnesium alloy

Ceramic coating incorporated with nano-SiC was obtained on AZ91D magnesium alloy during MAO by adding nano-SiC into the silicate-aluminate-based composite electrolyte. The microstructure, thickness, phase analysis, element composition and hardness of the coatings were respectively investigated by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, film thickness meter, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, energy disperse spectroscopy（EDS） and Vickers hardness tester. The wear resistance of Mg alloy and coatings were evaluated by friction and wear apparatus, while the corrosion resistance of Mg alloy and coatings were evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS）. The results show that after adding nano-SiC into the electrolyte, both the striking voltage and final voltage decrease, the size and number of the micropore on the surface of the coating decrease, the thickness and hardness of the coating increase, both the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the coating raise.

Effect of current frequency on properties of coating formed by microarc oxidation on AZ91D magnesium alloy

The microarc oxidation（MAO） coatings produced at different current frequencies on AZ91 D magnesium alloys were studied systematically. The morphologies, thickness, corrosion performances, and tribological properties of the coatings were investigated by the scanning electron microscopy, the electrochemical measurement system, and MS-T3000 friction test rig, respectively. The results show that the structure of the coatings becomes denser, and thickness becomes thinner with the increase of the current frequency. It is also found that the corrosion resistance of the coatings produced at higher frequency is improved greatly and the difference of the corrosion current density becomes small with increasing current frequency, which is similar to that of the coating thickness. The tribological test shows that the friction coefficient decreases with increasing the current frequency and the wear resistance of the coatings is influenced by both the thickness and structures. All these results were explained by analyzing the growing process of the MAO coating.

Optimization of dual electrolyte and characteristic of micro-arc oxidation coating fabricated on ZK60 Mg alloy

Micro-arc oxidation （MAO） process was carried out in a dual electrolyte system of NaAlO 2 and Na 3 PO 4 to develop compact, smooth and corrosion-resistant coatings on ZK60 Mg alloy by single factor experiments. The microstructural characteristics of coatings were investigated by X-ray diffractometry （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDS）. Test of mass loss was conducted at a 3.5% NaCl solution to assess the resistance to corrosion. The effect of every element in the dual electrolyte system on voltage—time responses during MAO process and the coating characteristic were also analyzed and discussed systematically via single factor experiments. The results reveal that the main components of NaAlO 2 and Na 3 PO 4 as well as additives of NaOH, NaB4O7 and C6H5Na3O7 demonstrate different effects on MAO process and coating characteristics. By means of single factor experiments, an optimized dual electrolyte system was developed, containing 17.5 g/L NaAlO 2, 5.0 g/LNa3 PO4, 5.0 g/L NaOH, 3.0 g/L NaB4O7 and 4.2g/LC6H5Na3O7 .

Preparation and performance of coating on rare-earth compounds-immersed magnesium alloy by micro-arc oxidation

A composite ceramic coating containing Y2O3-ZrO2-MgO（YSZ-MgO） was prepared on AZ91D magnesium alloy,which was immersed in Y（NO3）3 aqueous solution as pretreatment,by micro-arc oxidation（MAO） process.The morphology,elemental and phase compositions,corrosion behavior and thermal stability of the coatings were studied by SEM,EDX,XRD,electrochemical corrosion test,high temperature oxidation and thermal shock test.The results show that the coating mainly consists of ZrO2,Y2O3,MgO,Mg2SiO4,and MgF2.Among these compounds,Y2O3 accounts for 26.7% of（Y2O3 ＋ ZrO2）.The thickness of YSZ-MgO coating is smaller than that of ZrO2-MgO coating,but its compactness and surface roughness are better than those of ZrO2-MgO coating.YSZ-MgO coating has a good corrosion resistance,and its corrosion rate in 5% NaCl aqueous solution is lower than that of ZrO2-MgO and only about 8.5% of that of AZ91D magnesium alloy.After oxidation at 410 °C,the mass gain of AZ91D magnesium alloy presents a linear increase with the oxidation time.The YSZ-MgO coating and ZrO2-MgO coating can remarkably decrease the oxidation mass gain.The oxidation mass gain of YSZ-MgO coating is lower than that of ZrO2-MgO coating,especially during a long oxidation period.The thermal shock resistance of YSZ-MgO coating is superior to ZrO2-MgO coating.

Structure and corrosion resistance of modified micro-arc oxidation coating on AZ31B magnesium alloy

A hydrophobic surface was fabricated on a micro-arc oxidation (MAO) treated AZ31 Mg alloys via surface modification with myristic acid. The effects of modification time on the wettability of the coatings were investigated using the contact angle measuring device. The surface morphologies and structure of the coatings were evaluated using SEM, XRD and FT-IR. The corrosion resistance was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization curves and long-term immersion test. The results showed that the water contact angle (CA) increases gradually with modification time from 0 to 5 h, the highest CA reaches 138° after being modified for 5 h, and the number and size of the micro pores are decreased. The modification method hardly alters crystalline structure of the MAO coating, but improves the corrosion resistance based on the much positive potential and low current density. Moreover, the corrosion resistance and hydrophobicity can be enhanced with increasing the alkyl chain. The wetting and spreading for the alkylcarboxylate with low surface energy become easier on the micro-porous surface, and alkylcarboxylate monolayer will be formed through bidentate bonding, which changes the surface micropores to a sealing or semi-sealing structure and makes the MAO coating dense and hydrophobic. All the results demonstrate that the modification process improves the corrosion protection ability of the MAO coating on AZ31B Mg alloy.

Microarc oxidation coating fabricated on AZ91D Mg alloy in an optimized dual electrolyte

Microarc oxidation （MAO） process was conducted on AZ91D magnesium alloy in an electrolyte composed of NazSiO3, NaAlO2, NaEB4O7, NaOH, C3H803 and C6H5Na307 by AC pulse electrical source. The surface and cross-sectional morphologies, film thickness, chemical composition and structure of the coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, layer thickness metry, energy disperse spectroscopy（EDS） and X-ray diffraction（XRD）. The corrosiofi resistances of the coatings in a 3.5% NaC1 neutral solution were evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） and potentiodynamic polarization test. The results showed that an optimized electrolyte with a composition of 15 g/L NazSiO3, 9 g/L NaA102, 2 g/L NazB407, 3 g/L NaOH, 5 mL/L C3H803 and 7 g/LC,HsNa307 was developed by means of orthogonal experiment. The coating obtained in the optimized electrolyte had a dense structure and revealed a lower current density, decreased by two orders of magnitude as compared with the magnesium substrate. Meanwhile, the corrosive potentials of the coated samples increased nearly by 73 inV. EIS result showed that the corrosion resistance of the coating was mainly determined by the inner dense layer. The coating primarily contained elements Mg, Al, O and Si and XRD analyses indicated that the coating was mainly composed of MgO, Mg2SiO4 and MgAl204.

Surface modification of biomedical magnesium alloy wires by micro-arc oxidation

Magnesium alloy wires were processed by micro-arc oxidation （MAO） in a modified silicate-phosphate composite electrolyte containing hydroxyapatite （HA） nanopowders and NaOH. Effects of NaOH content in the composite electrolyte on the microstructure and properties of the MAO ceramic coatings on magnesium alloy wires were studied. It is found that the arc voltage of magnesium alloy wires in the micro-arc oxidation process is significantly reduced while the oxidation rate is accelerated. Addition of 2 g/L NaOH in the composite electrolyte is a better choice for improving corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy wires. During early simulated body fluids （SBF） immersion, the micro-arc oxidized magnesium alloy wires undergo a slow and stable degradation. After soaking for 28 d, the protective ceramic coating still shows no damage but significant degradation is observed for magnesium alloy wires after immersion for more than 60 d.

Corrosion behavior of micro-arc oxidation coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy in NaCl solutions with different concentrations

Ceramic oxide coatings were prepared on AZ91D magnesium alloys in alkaline silicate solution using micro-arc oxidation（MAO） technique.The corrosion behavior of MAO coating on AZ91D magnesium alloys in NaCl solutions with different concentrations（0.1%,0.5%,1.0%,3.5% and 5.0% in mass fraction） was evaluated by electrochemical measurements and immersion tests.The results showed that the corrosion rate of the MAO coated AZ91D increased with increasing chloride ion concentration.The main form of corrosion failure was localized corrosion for the MAO coated AZ91D immersed in higher concentration NaCl solutions（1.0%,3.5% and 5.0%）,while it was general corrosion in dilute NaCl solutions（0.1% and 0.5%）.Two different stages of the failure process of the MAO coated AZ91D could be identified：1） occurrence of the metastable pits and 2） growth of the pits.Different equivalent circuits were also proposed based on the results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy（EIS） for the MAO coated AZ91D immersed in different concentrations of NaCl solutions for 120 h.

Enhanced corrosion resistance of micro-arc oxidation coated magnesium alloy by superhydrophobic Mg-Al layered double hydroxide coating

To further enhance the corrosion resistance of the porous micro-arc oxidation(MAO) ceramic layers on AZ31 magnesium alloy, superhydrophobic Mg-Al layered double hydroxide(LDH) coating was fabricated on MAO-coated AZ31 alloy by using in-situ growth method followed by surface modification with stearic acid. The characteristics of different coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EDS. The effect of the hydrothermal treatment time on the formation of the LDH coatings was studied. The results demonstrated that the micro-pores and cracks of MAO coating were gradually sealed via in-situ growing LDH with prolonging hydrothermal treating time. Electrochemical measurement displayed that the lowest corrosion current density, the most positive corrosion potential and the highest impedance modulus were observed for superhydrophobic LDH/MAO coating compared with those of MAO coating and LDH/MAO coating. Immersion experiment proved that the superhydrophobic LDH/MAO coating with the active anti-corrosion capability significantly enhanced the long-term corrosion protection for MAO coated alloy.