Cadmium （Cd） concentrations in the water extracts of ten contaminated soils by arsenic （As） with various iron （Fe） contents were measured using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry （ICP-AES）...Cadmium （Cd） concentrations in the water extracts of ten contaminated soils by arsenic （As） with various iron （Fe） contents were measured using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry （ICP-AES） and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry （ETAAS）, Due to the potential spectral interferences of As and Fe in the quantification of Cd, two methods were used for the background compensation. The first method was based on the use of a deuterium lamp （BGCD2 mode）. The second one required a Cd hollow cathode lamp pulsated with a current for which the intensity varies in the course of time （BGCSR mode）. The results showed that the choices of the analytical technique and the method used for the background compensation depend on the Cd, As and Fe concentrations in the solution and the concentration ratios As/Cd or/and Fe/Cd. In comparison with the ICP-AES and the ETAAS in combination with the BGCD2 mode, it was shown that the high-speed self-reversal method （HSSR） was a more appropriate method to correct As and Fe spectral interferences during the Cd measurements. On the other hand, depending on the Cd concentration, it was established that no significant Fe interference occurred during the Cd determination even if Fe concentration was 50 mg/L, reflecting the efficiency of the HSSR method to overcome the Fe interferences in the determination of Cd concentration by ETAAS without any matrix modifier in water extracts.展开更多
Soil and plant samples were collected from roadside sites (along with primary, secondary and tertiary roads) and reference site to investigate the contamination of soils and old common plant species with lead (Pb) and...Soil and plant samples were collected from roadside sites (along with primary, secondary and tertiary roads) and reference site to investigate the contamination of soils and old common plant species with lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in Peshawar City, Pakistan. All the data were analyzed using ANOVA analysis that showed a significant (P ≤ 0.01) variation in Pb and Cd concentrations in the roadside soils and plants as compared to the reference site. The mean concentrations of Pb and Cd were 53.9 and 6.0 mg kg-1 in soils and 49.1 and 10.9 mg kg-1 in plants, respectively. Significant variation (P ≤ 0.01) in concentrations of Pb and Cd in soil and plant samples along with primary, secondary and tertiary roads might be due to different traffic densities. The highest value (9.4) of metal accumulation index (MAI) was observed for Eucalyptus camaldulensis. In selected plant species, the Pb and Cd accumulation was found in the order of E. camaldulensis > Ficus elastica > Dalbergia sissoo > Alstonia scholaris. The roadside soils and plants were highly contaminated with Pb and Cd as compared to the reference site.展开更多
文摘Cadmium （Cd） concentrations in the water extracts of ten contaminated soils by arsenic （As） with various iron （Fe） contents were measured using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry （ICP-AES） and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry （ETAAS）, Due to the potential spectral interferences of As and Fe in the quantification of Cd, two methods were used for the background compensation. The first method was based on the use of a deuterium lamp （BGCD2 mode）. The second one required a Cd hollow cathode lamp pulsated with a current for which the intensity varies in the course of time （BGCSR mode）. The results showed that the choices of the analytical technique and the method used for the background compensation depend on the Cd, As and Fe concentrations in the solution and the concentration ratios As/Cd or/and Fe/Cd. In comparison with the ICP-AES and the ETAAS in combination with the BGCD2 mode, it was shown that the high-speed self-reversal method （HSSR） was a more appropriate method to correct As and Fe spectral interferences during the Cd measurements. On the other hand, depending on the Cd concentration, it was established that no significant Fe interference occurred during the Cd determination even if Fe concentration was 50 mg/L, reflecting the efficiency of the HSSR method to overcome the Fe interferences in the determination of Cd concentration by ETAAS without any matrix modifier in water extracts.
基金Supported by the University of Peshawar, Pakistan
文摘Soil and plant samples were collected from roadside sites (along with primary, secondary and tertiary roads) and reference site to investigate the contamination of soils and old common plant species with lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in Peshawar City, Pakistan. All the data were analyzed using ANOVA analysis that showed a significant (P ≤ 0.01) variation in Pb and Cd concentrations in the roadside soils and plants as compared to the reference site. The mean concentrations of Pb and Cd were 53.9 and 6.0 mg kg-1 in soils and 49.1 and 10.9 mg kg-1 in plants, respectively. Significant variation (P ≤ 0.01) in concentrations of Pb and Cd in soil and plant samples along with primary, secondary and tertiary roads might be due to different traffic densities. The highest value (9.4) of metal accumulation index (MAI) was observed for Eucalyptus camaldulensis. In selected plant species, the Pb and Cd accumulation was found in the order of E. camaldulensis > Ficus elastica > Dalbergia sissoo > Alstonia scholaris. The roadside soils and plants were highly contaminated with Pb and Cd as compared to the reference site.
