电沉积非晶态镍—磷合金镀层的性能及其应用

用电沉积方法研制了一种新型的Ni—P(含P9～11%Wt)合金镀层,通过X谢线检定其结构为非晶态,大量的性能试验表明,此镀层具有较优异的物理化学性能,可广泛应用于各种腐蚀性介质中,延长了使用寿命,经济效益显著。

玻璃基体碱性化学镀镍–磷合金工艺研究

研究了玻璃基体上化学沉积Ni–P合金的工艺条件,讨论了碱性化学镀镍过程中硫酸镍、次磷酸钠和柠檬酸钠的质量浓度,温度以及pH对镀层沉积速率的影响,获得较佳工艺条件如下:硫酸镍30g/L,次磷酸钠25g/L,柠檬酸钠10g/L,温度45°C,pH=9。在此条件下获得的镍–磷合金镀层含磷3.2%,属于低磷镀层。采用氯化钯滴定法测得镀液的稳定时间达到30min。

6063铝合金化学镀镍–磷合金镀层的性能

以6063铝合金为基体进行化学镀NiP合金镀层，镀液组成和工艺条件为：NiSO4·6H2O25～28g/L，NaH2PO2·H2O20～25g/L，NH4HF2 20～23g/L，CH3COONa·3H2O 15～20g／L，C6H8O7 8g/L，KlO3 0．1g/L，温度（80±2）℃，pH5．5～6．0，时间2h。表征了Ni—P镀层的形貌、结构、结合力、孔隙率以及耐蚀性等性能。结果表明，Ni-P镀层表面致密，呈非晶态，厚度为15μm，显微硬度为476HV，结合力良好，耐蚀性明显优于基体。

稀土元素镱对木质化学镀镍-磷电磁屏蔽材料的影响

采用在传统的化学镀镀液中添加稀土元素镱的方法制备了木质化学镀Ni-P电磁屏蔽材料。考察了稀土氧化物Yb2O3质量浓度对化学镀镀速、镀液稳定性、Ni-P镀层质量及其电磁屏蔽性能的影响。结果表明，与传统的化学镀方法相比，添加质量浓度为40mg／L的Yb203可分别使Ni-P平均镀速、镀液稳定性和电磁屏蔽性能提高12．6％、36．4％和8．0%,并使Ni-P镀层更加致密、平整和光亮。

热处理对镍–磷化学镀层在饱和CO_2盐水中腐蚀行为的影响

采用扫描电镜、能谱、X射线衍射、塔菲尔曲线和电化学阻抗谱,研究了热处理对P110钢上化学镀高磷镍–磷合金层在饱和CO2盐水溶液中腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明,热处理使镀层的表面形貌、成分和结构发生了显著变化,但对镀层在饱和CO2盐水中的腐蚀电位影响不大。经200°C热处理后,镀层的腐蚀电流略有下降,而后随热处理温度的升高,腐蚀电流迅速增大。镀态及经200°C热处理的镀层以均匀腐蚀为主;而经400°C和600°C热处理的镀层阻抗谱呈现2个时间常数,有坑蚀发生。

大口径光学反射镜化学镀镍工艺及质量管理

根据光学系统中铝合金、铍合金和无氧高导铜材料反射镜对镍–磷合金镀层的质量要求,在含30g/LNiSO4·6H2O、10g/LNaH2PO2·H2O、10g/LCH3COONa、20g/LC6H5Na3O7·2H2O、10～20g/L稳定剂的体系中,于82～90°C、pH=4.4～4.8、装载量0.3～10.0dm2/L的条件下,以5μm/h的沉积速度在大口径反射镜表面沉积出无缺陷、结合力良好的优质镀层,镀层厚度为100μm。分析了应用于反射镜的化学镀镍–磷合金工艺的特点,讨论了以提高镀层结合力、避免镀层表面缺陷为目的的化学镀镍–磷合金工艺及其质量控制方法,总结了生产过程实施监控时应注意的事项。

化学镀镍-钨-磷非晶态合金的研究

以电阻率为性能指标,采用正交试验对化学镀 Ni-W-P 的镀液配方进行优化,得到最优配方与工艺为:NiSO_4·6H_2O 15g/L,NaH_2PO_2·H_2O 25g/L,Na_2WO_4·2H_2O 10 g/L,Na_3C_6H_5O_7·2H_2O60 g/L,C_3H_6O_35 mL/L,NH_4Cl 30g/L,pH = 9,温度 88℃,时间 2 h。采用扫描电镜、X 射线衍射仪、显微硬度计等研究了Ni-W-P 合金镀层的表面形貌、结构、显微硬度等性能。在最佳配方与工艺下,化学镀 Ni-W-P 的镀速为 6.9 μm/h,所得Ni-W-P 合金镀层的电阻率为 204.7 mΩ·cm,为典型的非晶态结构,表面均匀分布着大小不一、致密的胞状结构,镀层与基体之间结合力牢固,显微硬度高于 Ni-P 镀层,耐磨性和耐蚀性均优于 Ni-P 镀层。

纳米化学复合镀镍–磷–氧化铝工艺

通过正交试验对45钢上复合化学镀Ni–P–Al2O3的工艺条件进行优化,得到的最佳工艺条件为:NiSO4·7H2O 25 g/L,NaH2PO2·H2O 30 g/L,CH3COONa 15 g/L,NaF 0.4 g/L,乳酸20 mL/L,硫脲20 mg/L,十二烷基磺酸钠0.1 g/L,纳米α-Al2O35 g/L,温度90°C,pH 4.8,时间2 h,转速300 r/min。分别采用扫描电镜、能谱仪、维氏硬度仪和电化学工作站对镀层的微观形貌、组成、显微硬度以及耐蚀性进行表征。在最优工艺下制备的Ni–P–Al2O3复合镀层,Al2O3微粒分布均匀,结构致密,显微硬度为204 HV,耐蚀性均优于Ni–P镀层。

表面活性剂对ZL102表面镍–磷–碳化硅化学复合镀的影响

在酸性化学镀镍液中分别加入阴离子型、阳离子型和非离子型9种表面活性剂,以分散SiC微粒并在ZL102铝合金表面制备性能良好的Ni–P–SiC复合镀层。通过研究表面活性剂对镀液性能和复合镀层表面形貌、显微硬度、孔隙率及SiC复合量的影响,对表面活性剂进行筛选。结果表明,以60mg/L聚乙二醇作表面活性剂时,SiC微粒的分散效果最好,所得Ni–P–SiC复合镀层的孔隙率仅为0.5714个/cm2,显微硬度为729.76HV,镀层中的SiC颗粒细小、分布均匀,复合量达5.00%,综合性能最好。

化学镀Ni-P-MoS_2复合镀层的制备与表征

在铁片上,采用化学镀的方法制备了Ni–P–MoS2复合镀层。讨论了表面活性剂PEG1500质量浓度及镀液pH对镀层形貌与沉积速率的影响。观察了镀层的表面及断面形貌,分析了镀层断面的元素分布,表征了镀层的成分、结构及相组成。结果表明,所得到的化学镀Ni–P–MoS2复合镀层为非晶态结构,颗粒分散均匀,尺寸约为0.2～3.0μm。

化学复合镀Ni–P–PTFE的镀速及镀层摩擦学性能研究

在45#钢上化学镀Ni—P-PTFE复合镀层，其工艺流程主要包括化学机械抛光、碱性除油、活化、化学镀和干燥。研究了主盐和还原剂质量浓度、pH、温度以及PTFE体积分数对镀速的影响。观察了Ni—P-PTFE镀层的表面形貌，测试了镀层的摩擦学性能。结果表明：当工艺条件为25g/L硫酸镍、30g/L次磷酸钠、10mL／LPTFE、pH4．6和温度（92±2）℃时，镀速最佳，镀层的摩擦因数在0．16～0．20之间，具有优良的耐磨性能。

Composition Dependent Magnetic Properties of Ni-Co-P Coated Carbon Nanotubes

Carbon nanotubes were coated with a layer of nickel-cobalt-phosphorus （Ni-Co-P） alloy with different compositions of Ni/Co through electroless plating. The effects of the concentration ratio of Co^2＋ to Ni^2＋, bath temperature, and pH on deposition rate are discussed. The prepared carbon nanotubes covered with Ni-Co-P were characterized and analyzed by fieldemission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and a vibrating sample magnetometer. The results show that the deposition rate reached the maximum when the concentration ratio of Co^2＋ to Ni^2＋ is 1 and the pH is 9; the deposition rate increases with the increase of bath temperature. The measurements of the magnetic properties of the obtained carbon nanotubes covered with Ni-Co-P indicate that the magnetic properties greatly depend on the concentration ratio of Co^2＋ to Ni^2＋, and the magnetic saturation reaches the maximum value when the Co^2＋ to Ni^2＋ ratio is 1. In addition, there are two peaks in the coercivity curve at Co^2＋ to Ni^2＋ ratios of 1/2 and 4/1, while the two peaks in the magnetic conductivity curve are located at Co^2＋ to Ni^2＋ ratios of 1/4 and 4/1.

正向脉冲占空比对Ni–W–P–CeO_2–SiO_2纳米复合镀层性能的影响

通过Ni、W、P与CeO2、SiO2纳米颗粒的脉冲共沉积,在普通碳钢表面制备了Ni–W–P–CeO2–SiO2纳米复合镀层。在一定的脉冲频率和平均电流密度下,研究了正向脉冲占空比对纳米复合镀层的化学组成、沉积速率、显微硬度和显微组织的影响。结果表明:增大正向脉冲占空比时,纳米复合镀层的晶粒尺寸增大,沉积速率和显微硬度降低。当正向脉冲占空比控制在10%时,沉积速率最快(为48.6μm/h),显微硬度最高(为696HV)。纳米复合镀层中的P含量随着正向脉冲占空比的增大而增加,但CeO2、SiO2纳米颗粒及W的含量不断降低,正向脉冲占空比对W的沉积量影响最明显。

Progress of electroplating and electroless plating on magnesium alloy

The current research processes of electroplating and electroless Ni-P alloy plating on magnesium alloys were reviewed. Theoretically,the reason for difficulties in electroplating and electroless plating on magnesium alloys was given.The zinc immersion, copper immersion,direct electroless Ni-P alloy plating and electroplating and electroless plating on magnesium alloys prepared by chemical conversion coating were presented in detail.Especially,the research development of magnesium alloy AZ91 and AZ31 was discussed briefly.Based on the analysis,the existing problems and future research directions were then given.

Influence of pH values on electroless Ni-P-SiC plating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

A novel Ni-P-SiC composite coating was prepared by electroless plating in order to improve the corrosion capacity and wear resistance of AZ91D magnesium alloy.The influence of pH values on deposition rates and properties of the coatings was studied.The microstructure and phase structure of the Ni-P-SiC coatings were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and X-ray diffractometry(XRD).The corrosion and wear resistance performances of the coatings were also investigated through electrochemical technique and pin-on-disk tribometer,respectively.The results indicate that the composite coating is composed of Ni, P and SiC.It exhibits an amorphous structure and good adhesion to the substrate.The coatings have higher open circuit potential than that of the substrate.The composite coating obtained at pH value of 5.2 possesses optimal integrated properties,which shows similar corrosion resistance and ascendant wear resistance properties to the substrate.

改善印制电路板化学镀镍耐蚀性的研究进展

在印制电路板化学镀镍/金过程中,镍、金原子固有的结构特征使镍镀层极易被氧化腐蚀,从而影响镀层的可焊性。从化学镀Ni–P基多元合金,引入纳米粒子和稀土材料,以及化学镀Ni–B合金三方面,介绍了改善印制电路板化学镀镍层耐蚀性的研究现状。对印制电路板化学镀镍耐蚀性的改善方法提出了建议。

Triethanolamine-mediated photodeposition formation of amorphous Ni-P alloy for improved H2-evolution activity of g-C3N4

Developing efficient,stable,and low-cost novel electron-cocatalysts is crucial for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction.Herein,amorphous Ni-P alloy particles were successfully modified onto g-C3N4 to construct the Ni-P/g-C3N4 photocatalyst through a simple and green triethanolamine(TEOA)-mediated photodeposition method.It was found that the TEOA could serve as an excellent complexing agent to coordinate with Ni2+to form[Ni(TEOA)]^2+complex,which can promote the rapid and effective deposition of amorphous Ni-P alloy on the g-C3N4 surface.Photocatalytic tests suggest that the hydrogen-evolution performance of gC3N4 can be greatly promoted through integrating amorphous Ni-P alloy.Especially,the Ni-P/g-C3N4(5 wt%)exhibits the superior H2-generation activity(118.2μmol h^-1g^-1),which is almost 35.8 times that of bare g-C3N4.Furthermore,the amorphous Ni-P alloy cocatalyst can also serve as the general hydrogen-production cocatalyst to greatly enhance the photocatalytic performance of traditional semiconductor materials such as Ti O2 and Cd S.Based on the present results,the mechanism of the amorphous Ni-P alloy as the high-efficiency electron transfer medium was proposed for the boosted H2-generation rate.The present facile route may broaden the horizons for the efficient development of highly active cocatalysts in photocatalytic field.