枪管内膛电镀不同镍−钴合金镀层的适配性

以枪管内膛用高强度CrNiMoV钢圆棒为基体,电镀得到3种不同成分的Ni–Co合金镀层(分别标记为N-C1、N-C2和N-C3)。采用压痕法和热震法检测了Ni–Co合金镀层的结合力,以研究其与高强度CrNiMoV钢的适配性。另外,对比了3种Ni–Co合金镀层经不同温度烘烤3 h后的显微硬度,以考察它们在高温环境下的服役能力。结果表明,N-C2和N-C3与基体之间的结合比N-C1更牢固。N-C2和N-C3在300℃和500℃下烘烤3 h后依旧保持较高的显微硬度,说明二者经连续射击后仍具有优异的抗塑性变形能力。

钴-镍阳极面积比对摩擦辅助电铸镍-钴合金的影响

采用摩擦辅助电铸技术,研究当阴极电流密度为4.0 A/dm^(2)时,钴-镍阳极面积比的变化对镍钴合金电铸层显微硬度、组成和结构的影响。结果表明:当钴-镍阳极面积比由15%增大到25%时,镍钴合金中钴含量显著增加,从43.5%增加到63.5%,镍钴合金铸层显微硬度从603 HV提高到635 HV;当钴-镍阳极面积比继续增大到55%时,钴含量几乎不变,但显微硬度仍从635 HV提高到671 HV,电铸层晶粒呈逐渐细化的趋势。各镍钴合金电铸层均具有面心立方结构和密排六方结构。

连铸结晶器镍−钴−氧化铈复合镀液优化及镀层性能

为改善连铸结晶器铜板表面镀层的性能,提高其使用寿命,向Ni-Co合金电镀液中添加平均粒径为20μm的CeO_(2)颗粒进行Ni-Co-CeO_(2)复合电镀。以镀层的显微硬度为指标,通过正交试验得到的较优配方为:NiSO_(4)·6H_(2)O 90 g/L,CoSO_(4)·7H_(2)O 18 g/L,C6H8O7·H_(2)O 110 g/L,CeO_(2)3 g/L。通过场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对比了Ni-Co合金镀层和Ni-Co-CeO_(2)复合镀层的表面和截面形貌、成分及相结构,并通过电化学分析和摩擦磨损试验对比了它们的耐蚀性和耐磨性。结果表明,Ni-Co-CeO_(2)复合镀层的显微硬度为663 HV,微观表面呈粗糙的胞状结构,整体致密、无微裂纹,耐蚀性和耐磨性远优于Ni-Co合金镀层。

循环伏安法电沉积镍-钴-磷/泡沫镍电极及其析氢催化活性研究

以泡沫镍(NF)为基体,采用循环伏安(CV)电沉积法制备Ni-Co-P/NF催化电极,电沉积液组成和工艺条件为:NiSO4·6H2O 0.07 mol/L,CoSO4·7H2O 0.03 mol/L,NaH2PO2·H2O 0.6 mol/L,扫描电位区间−0.6~−1.2 V(相对于饱和甘汞电极),扫描速率0.01 V/s,扫描14次。采用扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)分析了电极的表面形貌和元素组成。通过阴极极化曲线和塔菲尔斜率对比了NF、Ni-P/NF和Ni-Co-P/NF电极在1 mol/L NaOH和0.5 mol/L H2SO4溶液中的析氢催化活性,并通过循环伏安和电流密度−时间曲线测试了电极的稳定性。结果表明,Ni-Co-P/NF电极在碱性和酸性条件下都表现出优于Ni-P/NF的析氢活性和稳定性。

Shape-controlled synthesis of novel precursor for fibrous Ni-Co alloy powders

A novel precursor of nickel-cobalt alloy powders with an appropriate Ni to Co molar ratio was prepared under selectively synthetic conditions. The composition and morphology of the precursor were characterized by X-ray diffractometry （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry （FT-IR） and energy dispersive spectrometry （EDS）. The effects of pH value, reaction temperature, metal ion concentrations and surfactant on the morphology and the dispersion of precursor were investigated. The results show that the morphology of precursor depends on ammonia content in the precursor. A fibriform precursor is a complicated ammonia-containing nickel-cobalt oxalate. The uniform shape-controlled fibrous precursor is obtained under the following optimum conditions： ammonia as complex agent as well as pH adjustor, oxalate as coprecipitator, 50-65 °C of reaction temperature, 0.5-0.8 mol/L of total concentration of Ni2＋ and Co2＋, PVP as dispersant, and pH 8.0-8.4.

Thermodynamic analysis on synthesis of fibrous Ni-Co alloys precursor and Ni/Co ratio control

According to the principles of simultaneous equilibrium and mass equilibrium, a series of thermodynamic equilibrium equations in Ni（II）-Co（II）-C2O4^2--NH3-NH4^＋-H2O system at ambient temperature were deduced. The diagrams of logarithm ion concentrations versus pH values at different solution compositions were drawn. The results show that Ni^2＋ and Co^2＋ can completely precipitate at pH less than 5.0 and the predefined Ni/Co ratios can be well kept in the precursor. The precursor morphology is granular aggregation. However, rod aggregation precursor is obtained in the pH range of 5.0-8.0, and fibre-shape precursor is got at pH value higher than 8.0. The Ni/Co ratios in the above two precursors are not reproduced as that in the feed due to the formhtion of multi-coordinated Ni（NH3）n^2＋ and Co（NH3）n^2＋ （n=1-6）. Modification of precipitation medium is favorable for the precursors to keep the predefined Ni/Co ratios of the feed in the pH range of 2.0-8.6. Meanwhile, the precursors with fibrous morphology can be obtained.

Composition Dependent Magnetic Properties of Ni-Co-P Coated Carbon Nanotubes

Carbon nanotubes were coated with a layer of nickel-cobalt-phosphorus （Ni-Co-P） alloy with different compositions of Ni/Co through electroless plating. The effects of the concentration ratio of Co^2＋ to Ni^2＋, bath temperature, and pH on deposition rate are discussed. The prepared carbon nanotubes covered with Ni-Co-P were characterized and analyzed by fieldemission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and a vibrating sample magnetometer. The results show that the deposition rate reached the maximum when the concentration ratio of Co^2＋ to Ni^2＋ is 1 and the pH is 9; the deposition rate increases with the increase of bath temperature. The measurements of the magnetic properties of the obtained carbon nanotubes covered with Ni-Co-P indicate that the magnetic properties greatly depend on the concentration ratio of Co^2＋ to Ni^2＋, and the magnetic saturation reaches the maximum value when the Co^2＋ to Ni^2＋ ratio is 1. In addition, there are two peaks in the coercivity curve at Co^2＋ to Ni^2＋ ratios of 1/2 and 4/1, while the two peaks in the magnetic conductivity curve are located at Co^2＋ to Ni^2＋ ratios of 1/4 and 4/1.

Effect of heat treatment on tensile deformation behavior of Ni-Co film/Fe substrate systems

The effects of heat treatment on microstructure and tension property of Ni-Co film/Fe substrate systems were investigated. The deformation and fracture morphologies of Ni-Co films/Fe substrate systems were studied by in-situ scanning electron microscopy（in-situ SEM）before and after heat treatment.The results show that a Ni-Co/Fe diffusion layer appears between the film and substrate after heat treatment;the elongation of film/substrate system increases with increasing the heat treatment temperature. Both the strength and ductility of the film/substrate system are preferable when heat treatment temperature is 650 o C,meanwhile the maximum elongation is up to 46%.During tensile deformation,the deformation behaviors of Ni-Co film/Fe substrate are quite different before and after heat treatment.The samples after heat treatment went through the progress of holes’emergence,growth and extension,whereas the samples without heat treatment accompanied with no holes,just cracked instead,showing that appropriate heat treatment is helpful to improve the toughness of material,and mechanical properties.

插层纳米高岭土改性FeCoNi电镀层的性能

采用超声插层法以醋酸钾为插层剂对高岭石进行剥片,得到插层纳米高岭土并应用在纳米复合电镀技术中,制备了纳米高岭土改性FeCoNi电镀层。采用X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜对所制备的材料进行结构和形貌分析,通过摩擦磨损试验检测了镀层的摩擦学性能。结果表明,通过改变工艺参数可使高岭土层间距由0.72 nm扩大到1.40 nm。纳米高岭土改性镀层的表面致密度得到了提升,摩擦因数有所降低。

Inconel 617 and Stellite 6 alloys for tooling in thixoforming of steels

Thermal fatigue and high temperature wear are the two principle failure mechanisms for thixoforming dies. Samples of Inconel 617 and Stellite 6 alloys were submitted to thermal cycling under conditions which approximate thixoforming of steels and to sliding wear tests at 750 ℃. The experimental results thus obtained were compared with those of the X32CrMoV33 hot work tool steel. The Inconel 617 and Stellite 6 samples are much more resistant to oxidation and to softening than the hot work tool steel, providing a superior resistance to thermal fatigue cracking. The wear resistance of the Inconel 617 and Stellite 6 alloys at 750 ℃ is also markedly superior. The adhesive oxides growing slowly on Inconel 617 and Stellite 6 alloys sustain the wear action without spalling and are claimed to be responsible for the superior wear resistance of these alloys at 750 ℃.

Electrodeposition of Compositionally Modulated Zinc-cobalt Alloy Multilayer Coatings

The effects of pulse parameters on the cobalt content, surface morphologies and grain size of Zn-Co alloy deposits were studied using a pulse plating technique with a square-wave current containing reverse pulse. Average current density and reverse anodic current density amongst the variables investigated have very strong effects on the cobalt content in the Zn-Co alloy deposits. Grain size, surface appearance and internal stress in the deposit were improved significantly by introducing the reverse current. Varieties of Zn-Co alloy compositionally modulated multilayer (CMM) coatings with large differences in cobalt contents for different sublayers were electrodeposited by designing corresponding waveforms using a computer-aided pulse plater and characterized in terms of surface morphologies. Cross-sectional morphologies of the Zn-Co alloy CMM coatings, examined using field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM), confirmed the layered structure.

Synthesis of silicon-functionalized polyolefins by subsequent cobalt-catalyzed dehydrogenative silylation and nickel-catalyzed copolymerization

Metal catalyzed olefin hydrosilylation and metal mediated olefin polymerization are both of great academic and industrial importance, In this article, these two aspects are combined to prepare silicon- functionalized polyolefin materials, First, pyridine-diimine cobalt-catalyzed dehydrogenative silylations of various terminal olefins with alkylsilanes lead to the formation of a variety of allylsilanes at high yields, Then, the allylsilanes are copolymerized with ethylene using an α-diimine nickel catalyst, leading to the formation of branched polyolefins with high molecular weight and moderate comonomer incorporation. This subsequent catalytic process is an efficient strategy for the synthesis of silicon-functionalized polyolefins using widely available and inexpensive starting materials.

Electrodeposited Ni and Ni-Co alloys using cysteine and conventional ultrasound waves

Ni-Co alloys were electroplated from sulphate electrolyte using addition agents including sodium gluconate, boric acid and eysteine on copper foil by the galvanostatic technique and ultrasound waves. The chemical composition, surface morphologies, crystalline structure and hardness of the Ni-Co alloys were studied using energy dispersive spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and Vickers testing method, respectively. The effect of current density and addition agents on the microstructure and morphology of Ni-Co alloys were examined. The appropriate concentration of additives and ultrasound waves were found to produce fine and smooth crystals leading to higher hardness of Ni-Co alloys. The microhardness of the Ni-Co alloys was varied between 4860-7530 HV. The surface morphology of coatings was changed from granular to fine due to using of gluconate, boric acid, cysteine and ultrasound waves. The mechanical properties of nanocrystalline Ni-Co alloys showed an increase of the hardness with the growing of Ni content in the alloy. The X-ray diffraction studies indicated that nanocrystalline structure was face-centred cubic for pure Ni and Ni-Co alloys with Co content in the range of 1-75 wt.%. A hexagonal closed-package structure was obtained for pure Co and Ni-Co alloys with the cobalt content with range of 75-99 wt.%.