镍盐溶液活化海绵铁加速三氯乙酸降解的研究

海绵铁经酸浸活化处理或外加镍盐溶液活化处理,可以显著提高其降解水中三氯乙酸(TCAA)的反应速率。实验结果表明,海绵铁降解TCAA反应属于一级反应,酸浸活化和镍盐活化处理都没有改变海绵铁降解三氯乙酸的反应级数,对反应活化能的影响也不大,但都可以显著提高其表观反应速率常数kobs,经酸浸处理和经镍盐活化处理后海绵铁降解TCAA表观反应速率常数分别提高了3倍和8倍。此外,减小海绵铁粒径,提高单位水体海绵铁用量(mFe/VTCAA)也有利于提高海绵铁对三氯乙酸的降解速率。对于20℃,海绵铁用量为mFe/VTCAA=50 g/L时,经镍盐活化处理的海绵铁降解TCAA表观反应速率常数kobs可达到0.855 h-1。

硫酸体系镍盐溶液中锌的深度脱除

研究了采用P204从硫酸体系镍盐溶液中深度脱除锌的工艺条件,分别考察了溶液初始pH值、相比、萃取剂浓度、萃取剂皂化率对萃取结果的影响。在保证锌萃除率大于99.9%,萃余液锌浓度小于0.005g/L的前提下,提高镍的直收率。确定最佳工艺条件为:萃取相比O/A=1∶4,溶液初始pH=4.0～4.5,萃取剂浓度15%,皂化率70%。在最佳工艺条件下进行三级逆流离心萃取,锌萃除率大于99.9%,萃余液含锌小于0.005g/L,镍直收率大于98.00%。

Recovery of nickel,cobalt,copper and zinc in sulphate and chloride solutions using synergistic solvent extraction

A number of synergistic solvent extraction （SSX） systems have been developed to recover nickel, cobalt, zinc and copper from sulphuric and chloride leach solutions by the solvent extraction team of CSIRO, Australia. These in- clude （1） Versatic 10/CLXS0 system for the separation of Ni from Ca in sulphate solutions, （2） Versatic 10/4PC system for the separation of Ni and Co from Mn/Mg/Ca in sulphate solutions, （3） Cyanex 471X/HRJ-4277 system for the separation of Zn from Cd in sulphate solutions, （4） Versatic 10/LIX63 system for the separation of Co from Mn/Mg/Ca in sulphate solutions, （5） Versatic 10/LIX63/TBP system for separation of Ni and Co from Mn/Mg/Ca in sulphate solutions, （6） Versatic 10/LIX63 system for the separation of cobalt from nickel in sulphate solutions by difference in kinetics, （7） Cyanex 272/LIX84 system for the separation of Cu/Fe/Zn from Ni/Co in sulphate solutions, （8） Versatic 10/LIX63fFBP system to recover Cu/Ni from strong chloride solutions, and [9） Versatic 10/LIX63 system to separate Cu from Fe in strong chloride solutions. The synergistic effect on metal separation and efficiency is presented and possible industrial applications are demonstrated. The chemical stability of selected SSX systems is also reported.