云南墨江金厂镍-金矿床镍矿化地质特征及形成时间

云南墨江金厂镍_金矿床位于北西走向的哀牢山蛇绿混杂岩带,镍矿体分布于金厂超基性岩体接触带附近的北西走向构造破碎带中,含矿围岩主要为上泥盆统金厂组烂山段变余粉砂岩、石英岩和板岩,少数为硅质菱镁岩和蛇纹岩。镍矿体与围岩为过渡关系,多数与金矿体在空间上分离,少数重叠、穿插,镍矿化时间晚于金矿化。镍矿体以强烈铬绢云母化、硅化和黄铁矿化为特征,矿石类型有绿色泥岩稠密浸染状黄铁矿型和石英岩浸染状黄铁矿型两种,含镍0.5%至1.2%。矿石的金属矿物组合为黄铁矿_方硫镍矿_辉砷镍矿_辉锑矿_闪锌矿,镍矿化属于中低温热液矿化。为了了解金厂镍矿化与超基性岩成岩的时间和成因联系,在了解区域超基性岩体形成时代的基础上,测定了两类镍矿体中3个蚀变铬绢云母的40Ar/39Ar年龄。铬绢云母的40Ar/39Ar似坪年龄分别为(63.09±0.16)Ma、(62.05±0.14)Ma和(61.55±0.23)Ma,代表镍矿化时间。镍矿化发生于新生代初,比金厂超基性岩侵入晚240Ma以上,金厂镍_金矿床镍矿体是海西期形成的金厂超基性岩在新生代初受热液淋滤形成的。

冀北地区塔沟一带钴镍矿化带的发现及其地质意义

钴镍矿化带位于河北省丰宁县塔沟一带,为一处中低温热液型钴镍矿化带,是河北省首例独立产出的中低温热液型钴镍矿化带。文章初步阐述了该矿化带的发现、地质背景和地质特征,总结了其成因类型,为冀北地区钴镍矿勘查突破提供了一个新的方向和靶区。

湘西南地区基性——超基性岩型硫化镍矿找矿前景

湘西南地区处于扬子板块与华南褶皱系拼接带内,深大断裂贯穿全区,幔源岩浆活动强烈,青白口纪(雪峰期)基性—超基性岩成群成带分布。在通道陇城开展镍矿找矿工作,获取了丰富的找镍信息,首次发现了隐伏含镍矿化带,厚61.66 m,全镍(TNi)平均品位为0.1%。通过研究陇城基性—超基性岩带岩石岩相、地球物理、地球化学、镍矿化特征,并与广西宝坛地区已知的含矿岩体进行了对比分析。结果表明:(1)超基性岩为引起磁异常的起因,含镍超基性岩具有"三高一低"(高磁性、高密度、高极化率、低电阻率)的物性组合特征,是寻找镍矿的重要物探标志;(2)独立的辉绿岩w(∑REE)、w(La)/w(Lu)值为边缘相辉绿岩的2～3.5倍,地表辉绿岩w(∑REE)、w(La)/w(Lu)值较低(分别为50×10-6左右、(20～30)×10-6),为寻找镍矿的地球化学标志;(3)镍矿受高分异岩体控制,超基性辉橄岩、橄榄岩带为含镍矿化带,往深部可能出现贯入型矿体。在上述分析的基础上,进一步研究认为,湘西南地区今后镍矿找矿工作思路为:率先对陇城地区已知的镍矿化带进行深部钻探验证,通过开展地面磁测工作筛选找矿靶区,结合稀土测试工作甄选岩脉(体),以重、磁、电物探测深组合手段预测定位镍矿体。

非洲某钴镍砷化矿选矿试验研究

非洲某钴镍砷化矿含镍3.05%、含钴0.23%,在完成矿石工艺矿物学研究的基础上,针对性地拟定了跳汰重选—浮选的试验原则流程,试验研究表明,该镍钴矿经过跳汰预抛尾、1粗3扫2精、中矿顺序返回浮选,可以获得镍品位为26.44%、钴品位为1.54%、镍回收率88.53%、钴回收率75.87%的镍钴综合精矿。

非洲某钴镍砷化矿工艺矿物学研究

通过工艺矿物学研究,查明了非洲某钴镍砷化矿的矿物组成,钴镍的赋存形式,矿石的结构、构造及主要有用矿物的嵌布特征,为选矿试验提供了重要依据。

新疆昆仑造山带某镍矿点镍的赋存状态研究

针对某镍矿点矿石进行了电子探针研究,探针结果分析镍主要呈分散状态赋存在磁铁矿(赤铁矿)等金属矿物及其它造岩矿物中,仅偶见镍的硫化物。通过统计分析硫化镍含量为26.57%~52.15%,平均值为40.72%,从镍产出的地质背景初步认为,镍矿化主要赋存于基性超基性岩中,受后期(岩浆或变质)热液影响,硫化物型矿物发生氧化。镍矿化应该为岩浆熔离型矿化,镍主要呈分散状态赋存在磁铁矿(赤铁矿)等金属矿物及其它造岩矿物中。

青海东昆仑玛兴大湾东岩体岩石地球化学特征及含矿性分析

玛兴大湾东基性-超基性岩体位于东昆中断裂北侧,紧邻东昆中断裂。岩石富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、K、Sr)、不相容元素(Th、U)和轻稀土元素,相对亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ti),显示岩浆弧的成分特点。样品Ni的质量分数(191~404)×10^(-6)和Cr的质量分数(401~1 080)×10^(-6)较高。样品Rb/Sr=0.076~0.10,Nb/Ta=14.4~20.4,平均17.4。反映岩浆主要为幔源,地壳物质混入较少。在Hf-Th-Nb、Zr-Ti、ZrY-Nb和Ti-Zr-Sr构造判别图解上,样点均落入岛弧和火山弧岩浆岩区,反映岩石与俯冲带构造的密切联系。1:25万和1:5万区调均显示该岩体成岩时代被认为是泥盆纪,具体构造背景还需进一步研究。岩石Mg~#介于71~75之间,m/f为2.44~2.92。属富含Cu、Ni、PGE岩体类型。样品中普遍有高的Ni,可见砷镍矿和镍华,显示了良好的岩浆型铜镍硫化物矿床的成矿潜力,应开展进一步工作。

云南曲靖地区黑色岩系钼、镍矿床特征及成因

云南曲靖地区下寒武统筇竹寺组黑色岩系中,广阔分布一稳定的钼、镍矿(化)层,可分为两个小矿层,矿层的厚度不大,但矿石钼、镍品位较高,含矿岩性分别为黑色页岩和黑色炭质粉砂岩。属热水喷流沉积型矿床。

综合物探方法在青海祁连泽里镍钴矿勘查中的应用

祁连泽里地区基性—超基性岩较发育,具有形成岩浆型硫化物镍钴矿(化)体的地质条件。由于研究区地表覆盖较厚,本次工作结合区域地质、物化探特征,在其所圈定的镍钴成矿有利地段开展了以地面高精度磁测和激电中梯为组合方式的综合物探找矿应用研究。利用地面高精度磁测来圈定区内基性—超基性岩分布,研究其磁性特征、异常展布规模并配合激电中梯剖面测量成果,提出一套寻找超基性岩镍钴矿的方法组合。此次成果表明找矿方式效果显著,对同类地质成矿背景的隐伏镍钴多金属矿勘查工作具有一定的参考价值。

Characterization of fluidized reduction roasting of nickel laterite ore under CO/CO_(2)atmosphere

Fluidized reduction roasting is an efficient metallurgical technique.However,its application to nickel laterite ore has rarely been reported.In this paper,the effects of reduction temperature,reduction time,CO concentration,and material particle size on the roasting characteristics of ferronickel fluidization reduction were investigated.Combined with X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometry(SEM-EDS)characterization,the mineral phases and microscopic morphology of nickel laterite ore and its roasted ores were analyzed in depth.The results indicated that under the condition of a CO/CO_(2)ratio of 1:1,a reduction temperature of 800℃,and a reduction roasting time of 60 min,a nickel-iron concentrate with a nickel grade of 2.10%and an iron content of 45.96%was produced from a raw material with a nickel grade of 1.45%,achieving a remarkable nickel recovery rate of 46.26%.XRD and SEM-EDS analysis indicated that nickel in the concentrate mainly exists in the form of[Fe,Ni],while the unrecovered nickel in the tailings is primarily present in the form of[Fe,Ni]and Ni_(2)SiO_(4)in forsterite.This study established a theoretical foundation for further exploration of fluidized reduction roasting technology.

大河超基性岩带岩体的含矿性

大河超基性岩带岩体大多呈透镜状、脉状产出,可分为南(S)北(N)两个岩带,北带又进一步划分为N-Ⅰ、N-Ⅱ亚带;N-Ⅰ亚带岩体总体属铁质超基性岩,N-Ⅱ亚带和S带中的岩体为偏镁质的超基性岩。岩带已发现有铬、镍矿体,但铬的矿化弱、矿体规模小;镍在岩带中矿化普遍,随岩体中M gO质量分数升高,镍的矿化强度也相应增加,并伴有钴、铂族等有益组分。

Interfacial Modification of NiO_(x)by Self-assembled Monolayer for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

NiO_(x)as a hole transport material for inverted perovskite solar cells has received great attention owing to its high transparency,low fabrication temperature,and superior stability.However,the mismatched energy levels and possible redox reactions at the NiO_(x)/perovskite interface severely limit the performance of NiO_(x) based inverted perovskite solar cells.Herein,we introduce a p-type self-assembled monolayer between NiO_(x)and perovskite layers to modify the interface and block the undesirable redox reaction between perovskite and NiO_(x)The selfassembled monolayer molecules all contain phosphoric acid function groups,which can be anchored onto the NiOr surface and passivate the surface defect.Moreover,the introduction of self-assembled monolayers can regulate the energy level structure of NiO_(x),reduce the interfacial band energy offset,and hence promote the hole transport from perovskite to NiO_(x)layer.Consequently,the device performance is significantly enhanced in terms of both power conversion efficiency and stability.

Mineralogy and crystal chemistry of a low grade nickel laterite ore

To acquire understanding of Ni enrichment from laterite ore,the mineralogy and crystal chemistry of a low grade limonite type nickel laterite ore sample assaying 0.97% Ni from Indonesia were studied using optical microscopy,X-ray diffraction（XRD）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and electron probe microanalysis（EPMA）.According to EPMA results,the mineral includes 80% goethite（（Fe,Ni,Al）O（OH）） with 0.87% Ni,15% silicate minerals with lizardite（（Mg,Fe,Ni）3Si2O5（OH）） and olivine（（Mg,Fe,Ni）2SiO4）,and 1.19% Ni,and other minor phases,such as hematite,maghemite,chromite and quartz,and no Ni was detected.The mineralogy of the laterite ore indicates that due to the complicated association of the various phases and the variable distribution of Ni,this refractory laterite ore can not be upgraded by traditional physical beneficiation processes.

Decomposition mechanism of pentlandite during electrochemical bio-oxidation process

Electrochemical measurements were carried out to elucidate decomposition mechanism of pentlandite using modified powder microelectrode with Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans attached or without on the mineral powder surface.Cyclic voltammetry（CV） results show that at a low potential of about-0.2 V（vs SCE）,the pentlandite was transformed to an intermediated phase like Fe4.5-yNi4.5-xS8-z when Fe and Ni ions were evacuated from mineral lattice;when the potential was changed from-0.2 V to 0.2 V,the unstable violarite（Fe3Ni3S4） and FeNi2S4 were formed which was accompanied by element sulfur formed on the mineral surface;when the potential increased over 0.2 V,the unstable intermediated phase decomposed entirely;at a higher potential of 0.7 V,the evacuated ferrous ion was oxidized to ferric ion.The presence of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans made the oxidation peak current increase with initial peak potential negatively moving,and the bacteria also contributed to the sulfur removing from mineral surface,which was demonstrated by the reduction characteristic at potential ranging from-0.75 to-0.5 V.Leaching experiments and electrochemical results show that the solution acidity increasing when pH2 may impede the oxidation process slightly.

Extraction of molybdenum and nickel from roasted Ni-Mo ore by hydrochloric acid leaching, sulphation roasting and water leaching

To extract molybdenum and nickel from the roasted Ni-Mo ore, a process of hydrochloric acid leaching, sulphation roasting and water leaching was investigated. The results showed that this process could get a high leaching rate of Mo and Ni. Under the optimum conditions of hydrochloric acid leaching （roasted Ni-Mo ore leached with 0.219 mL/g hydrochloric acid addition at 65 ℃ for 30 min with a L/S ratio of 3 mL/g）, sulphation roasting （51.9% sulfiaric acid addition, roasting temperature 240 ℃ for 1 h）, followed by leaching with the first stage hydrochloric acid leaching solution at 95 ℃ for 2 h, the leaching rates of Mo and Ni reached 95.8% and 91.3%, respectively.

Ultrasonic-assisted Oxidation Leaching of Nickel Sulfide Concentrate

The feasibility of oxidation leaching process of nickel from nickel sulfide ore and the form of different components in the lixivium has been studied at first. The method of leaching nickel sulfide concentration directly by oxidants with existence of ultrasonic has been advanced. The process of leaching nickel from nickel sulfide concentration by using the system of persulfate and silver has been determined. The influence of different factors on the leaching rates of nickel,such as with and without ultrasonic,the concentration of Na2S2O8,liquid-solid ratio and the concentration of AgNO3 have been explored. The results show that:(1) in the oxidative leaching system,nickel can be leached completely as Ni2+ or NiSO4(aq.) from nickel sulfide concentration in theory;(2) the nicopyrite can not exist steadily in the persulfate acid leaching system,but Ni2+can. Meanwhile,sulfur may be existed steadily in the leaching process;(3) nicopyrite with much lower electrostatic potential may be leached earlier than chalcopyrite and sideropyrite;and(4) the overall reaction rate of the leaching process can be enhanced with ultrasonic radiation,but it does not change the mechanism of leaching. The more oxidant concentration or higher liquid-solid ratio is,the higher leaching percentage of nickel. The leaching percentage of nickel can be increased significantly by adding a small amount of AgNO3 during the leaching processes. Under the same conditions,the higher concentration of AgNO3 is,the higher leaching yields of nickel will be obtained.

Process mineralogy of copper-nickel sulphide flotation by a cyclonic-static micro-bubble flotation column

In our study we investigated a refractory copper-nickel sulfide ore separation by using a cyclonic-static micro-bubble flotation column (FCSMC). The process mineralogy of the main products was studied. Using a scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive system (SEM-EDS) and an X-ray spectrometer the mineral category and content of samples were analyzed. By using a mineral liberation analyzer (MLA) the mineral liberation characteristics were revealed. It is shown that in roughing feed the monomers liberation degree of nickel pyrite and chalcopyrite take up 84.11% and 88.82%, respectively. In tailings, the lost nickel pyrite and chalcopyrite are mainly monomers. Therefore, strengthening the micro-fine particle recovery capacity is the key to increase recovery.

Electrogenerative leaching of nickel sulfide concentrate with ferric chloride

In order to utilize the chemical energy in hydrometallurgical process of sulfide minerals reasonably and to simplify the purifying process, the electrogenerative process was applied and a dual cell system was introduced to investigate FeCl3 leaching of nickel sulfide concentrate. Some factors influencing the electrogenerative leaching, such as electrode structure, temperature and solution concentration were studied. The results show that a certain quantity of electrical energy accompanied with the leached products can be acquired in the electrogenerative leaching process. The output current and power increase with the addition of acetylene black to the electrode. Varying the components of electrode just affects the polarization degree of anode. Increasing FeCl3 concentration results in a sharp increase in the output of the leaching cell when c（FeCl3） is less than 0.1 mol/L. The optimum value of NaCl concentration for electrogenerative leaching nickel sulfide concentrate with FeCl3 is 3.0 mol/L. Temperature influences electrogenerative leaching by affecting anodic and cathodic polarization simultaneously. The apparent activation energy is determined to be 34.63 kJ/mol in the range of 298 K to 322 K. The leaching rate of Ni2+ is 29.3% after FeCl3 electrogenerative leaching of nickel sulfide concentrate for 620 min with a filter bag electrode.

Transformation and leaching kinetics of silicon from low-grade nickel laterite ore by pre-roasting and alkaline leaching process

The mineralogical phase transformation of a low-grade nickel laterite ore during pre-roasting process and the extraction of silicon during alkaline leaching process were investigated.The results indicate that the reaction activity of nickel ores is effectively improved by pre-roasting at650°C for2h,because of the transformation of lizardite into magnesium olivine and protoenstatite.When finely ground ore samples(44-61μm)pre-roasted firstly react with sodium hydroxide solution(60g/L)with a solid/liquid ratio of1:5at140°C for120min,the extraction of silicon can reach89.89%,and the other valuable elements of magnesium,iron and nickel are accumulated in the solid residues.The leaching kinetics of nickel laterite ore can be described successfully by the diffusion through the product layer control model.The activation energy is calculated to be11.63kJ/mol and the kinetics equation can be expressed as1-3(1-x)2/3+2(1-x)=13.53×10-2exp[-11.63/(RT)]t.

Co-extraction of valuable metals and kinetics analysis in chlorination process of low-grade nickel-copper sulfide ore

To efficiently co-extract Ni and Cu from low-grade nickel-copper sulfide ore,chlorination roasting with NH;Cl followed by a water leaching process was investigated.The results show that 98.4%Ni and 98.5%Cu can be synchronously extracted when the ore particle size is 75-80μm,the roasting time is 2 h,the mass ratio of NH;Cl to ore is 1.6:1 and the roasting temperature is 550°C.The evolution behavior of various minerals was elucidated using X-ray diffraction(XRD)coupled with scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The kinetics of the chlorination process based on the differential thermal and thermogravimetric analysis(DTA-TG)data was analyzed by Kissinger method and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa(FWO)method.The chlorination process of low-grade nickel-copper sulfide ore mainly contains two stages:the decomposition of NH;Cl and the chlorination of ore.The maximum apparent activation energies(Ea)at two stages are determined to be 114.8 and 144.6 kJ/mol,respectively.The condensed product of exhaust gas is determined to be ammonium chloride,which can be recycled as the reactant again,making the process economic and clean.