The influence of Zr and Y on the cast microstructure of a nickel-based superalloy was investigated by optical microscopy （OM）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,electron probe micro-analysis（EPMA）and X-ray diffra...The influence of Zr and Y on the cast microstructure of a nickel-based superalloy was investigated by optical microscopy （OM）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,electron probe micro-analysis（EPMA）and X-ray diffraction（XRD）.Theγ＋γ′eutectic volume in the superalloy rises notably with the increase of Zr or Y content.Meanwhile,the morphologies of primary MC carbides change from needle and platelet-like to blocky shape with increasing Zr and Y doped.The XRD results show that the primary MC carbide lattice constant increases with Zr and Y additions,and EPMA investigation shows that the platelet-like MC carbides contain primarily Nb and C,while those carbides in blocky shape have 39.2%Zr and 39.6%Nb in average,.These influences on the cast microstructure can be attributed to the atomic size effects of Zr and Y.展开更多
Formation of icosahedral dusters in rapidly solidified binary amorphous NixZr100-x （x = 15, 33.3, 50, 66.7, 85） is studied by using molecular dynamics simulation methods. A large number of icosahedral dusters with 1...Formation of icosahedral dusters in rapidly solidified binary amorphous NixZr100-x （x = 15, 33.3, 50, 66.7, 85） is studied by using molecular dynamics simulation methods. A large number of icosahedral dusters with 13 atoms （Ih13） were observed in NixZr100-x alloys, and most of them, even those in Zr-rich alloys, are found to be Ni-centred. Studies on the structures of Ni33.3Z66.7 obtained at different cooling rates demonstrate that most of iscosahedral dusters enhanced by decreasing cooling rates are also Ni-centred, The essentials of Ni atoms preferring to be the core of icosahedral clusters are illustrated with the criterion of energy minimization and the equilibrium interatomic distances between different atoms.展开更多
An immature pinecone shaped hierarchically structured zirconia （ZrO2-ipch） and a cobblestone-like zirconia nanoparticulate （ZrO2-cs）, both with the monoclinic phase （m-phase）, were synthesized by the facile hydr...An immature pinecone shaped hierarchically structured zirconia （ZrO2-ipch） and a cobblestone-like zirconia nanoparticulate （ZrO2-cs）, both with the monoclinic phase （m-phase）, were synthesized by the facile hydrothermal method and used as the support for a Ni catalyst for the dry reforming of methane （DRM） with CO2. ZrO2-ipch is a much better support than ZrO2-cs and the traditional ZrO2 irregular particles made by a simple precipitation method （ZrO2-ip）. The supported Ni catalyst on ZrO2-ipch （Ni/ZrO2-ipch） exhibited outstanding catalytic activity and coke-resistant stability compared to the ones on ZrO2-cs （Ni/ZrO2-cs） and ZrO2-ip （Ni/ZrO2-ip）. Ni/ZrO2-ip exhibited the worst catalytic performance. The origin of the significantly enhanced catalytic performance was revealed by characterization including XRD, N2 adsorption measurement （BET）, TEM, H2-TPR, CO chemisorption, CO2-TPD, XPS and TGA. The superior catalytic activity of Ni/ZrO2-ipch to Ni/ZrO2-cs or Ni/ZrO2-ip was ascribed to a higher Ni dispersion, increased reducibility, enhanced oxygen mo- bility, and more basic sites with a higher strength, which were due to the unique hierarchically structural morphology of the ZrO2-ipch support. Ni/ZrO2-ipch exhibited better stability for the DRM reaction than Ni/ZrO2-ip, which was ascribed to its higher resistance to Ni sintering due to a strengthened metal-support interaction and the confinement effect of the mesopores and coke deposition resistance. The higher coking resistance of Ni/ZrO2-ipch for the DRM reaction in comparison with Ni/ZrOz-ip orignated from the coke-removalabitity of the higher amount of lattice oxygen and more basic sites, confirmed by XPS and CO2-TPD analysis, and the stabilized Ni on the Ni/ZrO2-ipch catalyst by the confinement effect of the mesopores of the hierarchical ZrO2-ipch sup- port. The superior catalytic performance and coking resistance of the Ni/ZrO2-ipch catalyst makes it a promising candidate for synthesis gas production from the DRM reaction.展开更多
微波烧结是一种新型、高效的陶瓷烧结工艺,具有升温速度快、节能省时、改善微观结构、降低烧结温度等特点。本文采用微波烧结工艺制备了Fe2O3掺杂的0.55Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.45Pb(Zr0.3Ti0.7)O3(简写为0.55PNN-0.45PZT)压电陶瓷,烧结温度...微波烧结是一种新型、高效的陶瓷烧结工艺,具有升温速度快、节能省时、改善微观结构、降低烧结温度等特点。本文采用微波烧结工艺制备了Fe2O3掺杂的0.55Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.45Pb(Zr0.3Ti0.7)O3(简写为0.55PNN-0.45PZT)压电陶瓷,烧结温度为1200℃、保温时间为2h。利用X射线衍射(X-Ray Diffraction,XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(Scanning Electron Microscope,SEM)、阻抗分析仪及铁电分析仪等测试表征方法,研究了Fe2O3掺杂对陶瓷的结构、介电以及压电性能的影响。结果表明,所有陶瓷样品均为钙钛矿结构,随着Fe2O3掺杂量的增加,压电和介电性能呈先增加后减小趋势。当Fe2O3掺杂量为0.8%(质量分数)时,陶瓷达到最优电学性能:压电常数d33、平面机电耦合系数kp、相对介电常数εr和介电损耗tanδ分别为d33=520pC/N,kp=0.51,εr=4768,tanδ=0.026。展开更多
基金Project supported by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China
文摘The influence of Zr and Y on the cast microstructure of a nickel-based superalloy was investigated by optical microscopy （OM）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,electron probe micro-analysis（EPMA）and X-ray diffraction（XRD）.Theγ＋γ′eutectic volume in the superalloy rises notably with the increase of Zr or Y content.Meanwhile,the morphologies of primary MC carbides change from needle and platelet-like to blocky shape with increasing Zr and Y doped.The XRD results show that the primary MC carbide lattice constant increases with Zr and Y additions,and EPMA investigation shows that the platelet-like MC carbides contain primarily Nb and C,while those carbides in blocky shape have 39.2%Zr and 39.6%Nb in average,.These influences on the cast microstructure can be attributed to the atomic size effects of Zr and Y.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 50225103 and 50471001.
文摘Formation of icosahedral dusters in rapidly solidified binary amorphous NixZr100-x （x = 15, 33.3, 50, 66.7, 85） is studied by using molecular dynamics simulation methods. A large number of icosahedral dusters with 13 atoms （Ih13） were observed in NixZr100-x alloys, and most of them, even those in Zr-rich alloys, are found to be Ni-centred. Studies on the structures of Ni33.3Z66.7 obtained at different cooling rates demonstrate that most of iscosahedral dusters enhanced by decreasing cooling rates are also Ni-centred, The essentials of Ni atoms preferring to be the core of icosahedral clusters are illustrated with the criterion of energy minimization and the equilibrium interatomic distances between different atoms.
基金financially supported by the Joint Fund of Coal, set up by National Natural Science Foundation of China and Shenhua Co., Ltd.(U1261104)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21276041)+3 种基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-12-0079)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (2015020200)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (DUT15LK41)the Science and Technology Development Program of Hangzhou (20130533B14)~~
文摘An immature pinecone shaped hierarchically structured zirconia （ZrO2-ipch） and a cobblestone-like zirconia nanoparticulate （ZrO2-cs）, both with the monoclinic phase （m-phase）, were synthesized by the facile hydrothermal method and used as the support for a Ni catalyst for the dry reforming of methane （DRM） with CO2. ZrO2-ipch is a much better support than ZrO2-cs and the traditional ZrO2 irregular particles made by a simple precipitation method （ZrO2-ip）. The supported Ni catalyst on ZrO2-ipch （Ni/ZrO2-ipch） exhibited outstanding catalytic activity and coke-resistant stability compared to the ones on ZrO2-cs （Ni/ZrO2-cs） and ZrO2-ip （Ni/ZrO2-ip）. Ni/ZrO2-ip exhibited the worst catalytic performance. The origin of the significantly enhanced catalytic performance was revealed by characterization including XRD, N2 adsorption measurement （BET）, TEM, H2-TPR, CO chemisorption, CO2-TPD, XPS and TGA. The superior catalytic activity of Ni/ZrO2-ipch to Ni/ZrO2-cs or Ni/ZrO2-ip was ascribed to a higher Ni dispersion, increased reducibility, enhanced oxygen mo- bility, and more basic sites with a higher strength, which were due to the unique hierarchically structural morphology of the ZrO2-ipch support. Ni/ZrO2-ipch exhibited better stability for the DRM reaction than Ni/ZrO2-ip, which was ascribed to its higher resistance to Ni sintering due to a strengthened metal-support interaction and the confinement effect of the mesopores and coke deposition resistance. The higher coking resistance of Ni/ZrO2-ipch for the DRM reaction in comparison with Ni/ZrOz-ip orignated from the coke-removalabitity of the higher amount of lattice oxygen and more basic sites, confirmed by XPS and CO2-TPD analysis, and the stabilized Ni on the Ni/ZrO2-ipch catalyst by the confinement effect of the mesopores of the hierarchical ZrO2-ipch sup- port. The superior catalytic performance and coking resistance of the Ni/ZrO2-ipch catalyst makes it a promising candidate for synthesis gas production from the DRM reaction.
文摘微波烧结是一种新型、高效的陶瓷烧结工艺,具有升温速度快、节能省时、改善微观结构、降低烧结温度等特点。本文采用微波烧结工艺制备了Fe2O3掺杂的0.55Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.45Pb(Zr0.3Ti0.7)O3(简写为0.55PNN-0.45PZT)压电陶瓷,烧结温度为1200℃、保温时间为2h。利用X射线衍射(X-Ray Diffraction,XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(Scanning Electron Microscope,SEM)、阻抗分析仪及铁电分析仪等测试表征方法,研究了Fe2O3掺杂对陶瓷的结构、介电以及压电性能的影响。结果表明,所有陶瓷样品均为钙钛矿结构,随着Fe2O3掺杂量的增加,压电和介电性能呈先增加后减小趋势。当Fe2O3掺杂量为0.8%(质量分数)时,陶瓷达到最优电学性能:压电常数d33、平面机电耦合系数kp、相对介电常数εr和介电损耗tanδ分别为d33=520pC/N,kp=0.51,εr=4768,tanδ=0.026。
