文字记者的“跨界”出镜之道

随着媒体融合向纵深发展,纸媒、广播、电视与新兴媒体彼此交融,促进了主流价值观念的弘扬与传播,移动优先、直播优先、短视频优先等思想广泛渗透在媒体发展进程中。在这样的背景下,文字记者开始从幕后走向台前,承担起直播、制作短视频等职责,但缺乏专业出镜训练的文字记者在镜头前很容易出现不适应、不知所措等状况。为了使文字记者能够更好地“跨境”出道,本文立足媒体融合纵深发展大背景,分析文字记者“跨界”出镜的阻碍,并从坚持“内容为王”、夯实专业素养、增强融媒“四力”、强化受众意识几个方面,探究文字记者“跨界”出镜的有效策略,以期为文字记者的融合转型提供一定的参考。

与镜界谈商业人体摄影的再认识

‘自由的梦＇ 仿水下效果的拍摄也算是这几年比较流行的样式,事实上想要实现好的效果,绝不仅仅是后期的功夫,首先要从拍摄上做到位。纱的形态和人的形态是拍摄的重点,因为这是表达水下失重状态的关键。这一点也集中体现出样片本身的优势作用,那就是能够为其他摄影师提供较为充分的参考摹本,这种参考性必然包括了前面提到的人和纱的形态问题。事实上,我们自己的摄影师在操作这样的照片时,也是在套拍样片,这是非常有效的方式。

镜界

这是一片与世无争的乐土，不沾世俗，不惹尘埃。银潭，并非一汪潭水，而是深藏在贵州山坳中的一个侗族村寨，富有诗意。一条清澈的小溪穿寨而过，在阳光的照耀下，涓涓的溪流反射出一片银光，银潭之名由此而来。

近代首部医德小说《医界镜》作者新证

1908年出版的《医界镜》是近代首部医德小说，借批判医界乱象，冀改良医业道德。《医界镜》与1906年出版的《医界现形记》内容颇多雷同。将二者进行对比，并考察《医界镜》引言、序文及当时报纸上刊登的该书出版广告，发现《医界镜》作者“儒林医隐”不是小说家陆士谔，而是《医界现形记》作者郁闻尧。《医界现形记》经商务印书馆出版后，因被指映射上海某名医而被迫停止发行。时隔2年，郁闻尧将相关人物细节略作修改后改称《医界镜》，署笔名“儒林医隐”再版。

文体意识下的中国古代文学教学

长期以来,受文学史编撰体例的影响,一些教师以时间为序,采用历时性研究思路对每个时期作家、作品进行讲解。这种授课方式割裂了各文体之间相互渗透、相互融合的关系,不利于对同一体裁作品进行深入的研究。教师作为教学的主导者,应采用历时性与共时性相结合的教学方法,既将作家、作品置于文学史的宏观视野加以考察,又关注相同体裁作品的特点及发展,让学生全面认识古代文学的变化发展,领悟中国传统文化的精髓和蕴意。

Ketamine and midazolam sedation for pediatric gastrointestinal endoscopy in the Arab world

AIM:To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of intravenous ketamine-midazolam sedation during pediatric endoscopy in the Arab world.METHODS:A retrospective cohort study of all pediatric endoscopic procedures performed between 2002-2008 at the shared endoscopy suite of King Abdullah University Hospital,Jordan University of Science & Technology,Jordan was conducted.All children were > 1 year old and weighed > 10 kg with American Society of Anesthesiologists class 1 or 2.Analysis was performed in terms of sedation-related complications(desaturation,respiratory distress,apnea,bradycar-dia,cardiac arrest,emergence reactions),adequacy of sedation,need for sedation reversal,or failure to complete the procedure.RESULTS:A total of 301 patients(including 160 males) with a mean age of 9.26 years(range,1-18 years) were included.All were premedicated with atropine;and 79.4%(239/301) had effective and uneventful sedation.And 248(82.4%) of the 301 patients received a mean dose of 0.16 mg/kg(range,0.07-0.39) midazolam and 1.06 mg/kg(range,0.31-2.67) ketamine,respectively within the recommended dosage guidelines.Recommended maximum midazolam dose was exceeded in 17.6% patients [34 female(F):19 male(M),P = 0.003] and ketamine in 2.7%(3 M:5 F).Maximum midazolam dose was more likely to be exceeded than ketamine(P < 0.001).Desaturation occurred in 37(12.3%) patients,and was reversible by supplemental oxygen in all except 4 who continue to have desaturation despite supplemental oxygen.Four(1.3%) patients had respiratory distress and 6(2%) were difficult to sedate and required a 3rd sedative;12(4%) required reversal and 7(2.3%) failed to complete the procedure.None developed apnea,bradycardia,arrest,or emergence reactions.CONCLUSION:Ketamine-midazolam sedation appears safe and effective for diagnostic pediatric gastrointestinal endoscopy in the Arab world for children aged > 1 year and weighing > 10 kg without co-morbidities.

Improving performance of recycled aggregate concrete with superfine pozzolanic powders

Phosphorous slag （PHS）, ground granulated blast-furnace slag （GGBS） and fly ash （FA） were used as replacements of Portland cement to modify the microstruc^xe of recycled aggregate concrete （RAC）. A new manufacturing method named ＂W3T4＂ was proposed to improve the performances of interracial transition zone （ITZ） between recycled aggregate and mortar. The mechanical properties and the durability of RAC were tested, which show that this new manufacturing method improves the properties of RAC, and the GGBS with finest size makes a great contribution to the performance of RAC due to its better filling effect and much earlier pozzolanic reaction. Combined with GGBS, the effects of PHS on the retardation of setting time can be alleviated and the synergistic effect helps to make a more compact RAC. For the RAC with 25% of the recycled aggregate （RA） replacement and 10% PHS ＋ 10% GGBS additives, the compressive strength increases by 25.4%, but the permeability decreases by 64.3% with respect to the reference concrete made with nature aggregates. The micro-mechanisms of these improvements were investigated by the scanning electron microscope （SEM）. The SEM images show that the new manufacturing method, adding superfine pozzolanic powders and super-plasticizer benefits, makes a much denser ITZ in RAC.

Time for the world to move beyond the percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a proven feeding tube,just as the nasogastric tube is proven to be able to deliver enteral nutrition.For long-term use,both patient and caregiver want neither.What is desired is the LOOPPEG? 3G tube,more secure than the PEG,and less risky to change than the nasogastric tube.Future clinical research should focus on this high-comfort low-risk tube.

Effect of a novel three-step aging on strength, stress corrosion cracking and microstructure of AA7085

The influence of a novel three-step aging on strength, stress corrosion cracking(SCC) and microstructure of AA7085 was investigated by tensile testing and slow strain rate testing combined with transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The results indicate that with the increase of second-step aging time of two-step aging, the mechanical properties increase first and then decrease, while the SCC resistance increases. Compared with two-step aging, three-step aging treatment improves SCC resistance and the strength increases by about 5%. The effects of novel three-step aging on strength and SCC resistance are explained by the role of matrix precipitates and grain boundary precipitates, respectively.

Novel high magnification zoom laser beam expander

A novel high magnification zoom laser beam expander is proposed originally. The zoom part and fixed part of the beam expander both adopt spherical lens and the compensation part comprising a spherical surface and an aspherical surface. The structure parameters were given by using geometry optics.The zoom characteristic and image quality were also analyzed.The results show that the magnification of the beam expander can be adjusted continuously from 3 to 20. Compared with other congener spherical zoom system,the beam expander has the advantages of high magnification,compact structure,high beam quality and high transmission efficiency.The novel expander can be used in many fields effectively.

Consensus control for multi-agents in a non-rectangular bounded space: algorithmand experiments

Aiming for the coordinated motion and cooperative control of multi-agents in a non-rectangular bounded space, a velocity consensus algorithm for the agents with double- integrator dynamics is presented. The traditional consensus algorithm for bounded space is only applicable to rectangular bouncing boundaries, not suitable for non-rectangular space. In order to extend the previous consensus algorithm to the non- rectangular space, the concept of mirrored velocity is introduced, which can convert the discontinuous real velocity to continuous mirrored velocity, and expand a bounded space into an infinite space. Using the consensus algorithm, it is found that the mirrored velocities of multi-agents asymptotically converge to the same values. Because each mirrored velocity points to a unique velocity in real space, it can be concluded that the real velocities of multi-agents also asymptotically converge. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed consensus algorithm is examined by theoretical proof and numerical simulations. Moreover, an experiment is performed with the algorithm in a real multi-robot system successfully.

Mechanical properties of 3D carbon/carbon composites by nanoindentation technique

Nanoindentation tests were conducted to investigate the near-surface mechanical properties of the individual components(fiber and matrix) for three-dimensional reinforced carbon/carbon composites(3D C/C).Optical microscope and polarizing light microscope were used to characterize the microstructure of 3D C/C.The microscopy results show that large number of pores and cracks exist at both bundle/matrix interface and pitch carbon matrix.These defects have important effect on the mechanical behavior of 3D C/C.The in situ properties for components of 3D C/C were acquired by nanoindentation technique.Relative to the matrix sample,the fiber samples have more larger values for modulus,stiffness and hardness.However,there is no significant difference of modulus and stiffness among fiber samples with different directions.

Effects of whisker surface treatment on microstructure and properties of Al_(18)B_4O_(33w)/6061Al composites

6061Al matrix composites reinforced by ZnO-coated Al18B4O33 whiskers were fabricated by a semi-solid mechanical stirring technique.The effects of ZnO coating on interfacial reaction between whiskers and matrix and the tensile properties of the composites were investigated.Tensile tests on composites were performed at room temperature,and microstructures were observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results show that the surface treatment of whiskers could reduce interfacial reaction effectively,improve the wettability between whiskers and matrix and enhance the tensile properties of the composites obviously.In addition,semi-solid stirring parameters were also under preliminary study.The stirring parameters were determined by the distribution of whiskers in the composites.The composites with homogeneously distributed whiskers were fabricated by semi-solid stirring at 610 ℃ for 30 min.

Intelligent Tracking Telescope Using Embedded Microcontrollers

This paper presents the design and implementation of the embedded microcontrollers within a telescope control system. The design objectives of the overall system are to automatically find light emitting objects at night within a user specified area, to track a light emitting object for a user specified time given the initial position of the object, and to allow the user access to these functions through a graphical user interface. The embedded system is used to provide a communication link between the graphical user interface and system hardware, to provide angle data processing for a dual axis accelerometer, to provide data processing for an electronic compass, and to provide pulse outputs for the step and direction inputs of three stepper motor drives. This paper will describe the design, implementation, and results of each of these objectives.

Sorption and Diffusion Behavior of Carbon Dioxide into Poly（l-lactic acid） Films at Elevated Pressures

Equilibrium sorption amount, desorption diffusion coefficients and sorption diffusion coefficients of CO2 in poly（l-lactic acid） （PLLA） films at elevated pressures were determined by the gravimetric method, in which the Fick＇s diffusion model was applied to analyze both the desorption and sorption processes. The equilibrium sorption amount of CO2 in PLLA increased with lowering temperature and elevating pressure at the temperature range from 40 to 60 ℃ and pressure from 10^4 to 2x10^4 kPa. Desorption diffusion coefficients were greatly influenced by the equilibrium sorption amount, and they were in the same order of magnitude as the sorption diffusion coefficients. The scan electron microscope （SEM） photos demonstrated that there was no foaming phenomenon of the PLLA film during desorption and sorption processes. The XRD spectra implied that the crystalline degree of PLLA film decreased after CO2 processing. It was concluded that PLLA polymer could be well swollen and plasticized by supercritical CO2.

Chemical Solution Deposition of YBa2Cu3O7 Films on YSZ （100） Substrates

We report the epitaxial growth of YBCO （YBa2Cu3O7） films on YSZ （Yttria-stabilized Zirconia） （100） substrates by chemical solution deposition. The precursor solution was prepared by dissolving stoichiometric amounts of acetates of Y（OOCCH3）3·4H2O, Ba（OOCCH3）2 and Cu（OOCCH3）·2H2O in an aqueous solution of oxalic acid （H2C2O4） and following the sol-gel route. This solution was directly dripped onto YSZ （100） substrates with the help of a Fisher pipette. To form the YBCO film, the sample was crystallized by annealing at 860 ℃ for 12 h in an oxidizing atmosphere. The characterization was performed by XRD （X-ray diffraction） analysis which revealed high intensity （001） reflections and denoted that most of the grains were c-axis oriented. Randomly oriented grains and other phases such as Y2BaCuO5 and CuO were also detected. The superconducting YBCO phase is demonstrated from the susceptibility versus temperature measurements which indicate a superconducting critical temperature ≈ 90 K. In addition, a surface morphology analysis was performed by optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy which revealed an average roughness of 0.2197 μm.

捉刀的境界

秘书是一群成天爬格子的捉刀者。在我看来，捉刀也有其内涵与境界。所谓“内涵”就是从捉“小刀”到捉“菜刀”到捉“砍刀”，而境界则大致有三：

王卫东:小众路线

正王卫东,北京镜界摄影工作室的创始人。生于1969年,吉林长春人。学过十几年美术,做过美术老师,1996年进入影楼行业做摄影师,两年后创办了镜界摄影,并渐渐站稳脚跟,在北京有了一席之地,至今已有15个年头。曾经他的经历还被人写成北漂青年的励志故事。他自己笑说:"我从东北漂到北京,不算是北漂吧。"