AIM To investigate the fatty acid-based functional lipidomics of patients on long-term home parenteral nutrition receiving different intravenous lipid emulsions. METHODS A cross-sectional comparative study was carried...AIM To investigate the fatty acid-based functional lipidomics of patients on long-term home parenteral nutrition receiving different intravenous lipid emulsions. METHODS A cross-sectional comparative study was carried out on 3 groups of adults on home parenteral nutrition(h PN), receiving an h PN admixture containing an olive-soybean oil-based intravenous lipid emulsion(IVLE)(OO-IVLE; n = 15), a soybean-medium-chain triacylglycerol-olivefish oil-based IVLE(SMOF-IVLE; n = 8) or h PN without IVLE(No-IVLE; n = 8) and 42 healthy controls(h Cs). The inclusion criteria were: duration of h PN ≥ 3 mo, current h PN admixtures ≥ 2 mo and h PN infusions ≥ 2/wk. Blood samples were drawn 4-6 h after the discontinuation of the overnight h PN infusion. The functional lipidomics panel included: the red blood cell(RBC) fatty acid(FA) profile, molecular biomarkers [membrane fluidity: saturated/monounsaturated FA ratio = saturated fatty acid(SFA)/monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA) index; inflammatory risk: n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA) ratio = n-6/n-3 index; cardiovascular risk: sum of n-3 eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid(Dh A) = n-3 index; free radical stress: sum of FA trans isomers = %trans index] and FA pathway enzyme activity estimate(delta-9-desaturase = D9D; delta-6-desaturase = D6D; delta-5-desaturase = D5D; elongase = ELO). Statistics were carried out using nonparametric tests. The amount of each FA was calculated as a percentage of the total FA content(relative%).RESULTS In the OO-IVLE group, the percentage of oleic acid in the RBCs was positively correlated with the weekly load of OO-IVLE(r = 0.540, P = 0.043). In the SMOFIVLE cohort, the RBC membrane EPA and Dh A were positively correlated with the daily amount of SMOFIVLE(r = 0.751, P = 0.044) and the number of h PN infusions per week(r = 0.753; P = 0.046), respectively. The SMOF-IVLE group showed the highest EPA and Dh A and the lowest arachidonic acid percentages(P < 0.001). The RBC membrane linoleic acid content was lower, and oleic and vaccenic acids were higher in all the h PN groups in comparison to the h Cs. Vaccenic acid was positively correlated with the weekly h PN load of glucose in both the OO-IVLE(r = 0.716; P = 0.007) and the SMOF-IVLE(r = 0.732; P = 0.053) groups. The estimated activity of D9 D was higher in all the h PN groups than in the h Cs(P < 0.001). The estimated activity of D5 D was lower in the SMOF-IVLE group than in the h Cs(P = 0.013). The SFA/MUFA ratio was lower in all the h PN groups than in the h Cs(P < 0.001). The n-6/n-3 index was lower and the n-3 index was higher in the SMOF-IVLE group in comparison to the h Cs and to the other h PN groups(P < 0.001). The %trans index did not differ among the four groups. CONCLUSION The FA profile of IVLEs significantly influenced the cell membrane functional lipidomics. The amount of glucose in the h PN may play a relevant role, mediated by the insulin regulation of the FA pathway enzyme activities.展开更多
文摘AIM To investigate the fatty acid-based functional lipidomics of patients on long-term home parenteral nutrition receiving different intravenous lipid emulsions. METHODS A cross-sectional comparative study was carried out on 3 groups of adults on home parenteral nutrition(h PN), receiving an h PN admixture containing an olive-soybean oil-based intravenous lipid emulsion(IVLE)(OO-IVLE; n = 15), a soybean-medium-chain triacylglycerol-olivefish oil-based IVLE(SMOF-IVLE; n = 8) or h PN without IVLE(No-IVLE; n = 8) and 42 healthy controls(h Cs). The inclusion criteria were: duration of h PN ≥ 3 mo, current h PN admixtures ≥ 2 mo and h PN infusions ≥ 2/wk. Blood samples were drawn 4-6 h after the discontinuation of the overnight h PN infusion. The functional lipidomics panel included: the red blood cell(RBC) fatty acid(FA) profile, molecular biomarkers [membrane fluidity: saturated/monounsaturated FA ratio = saturated fatty acid(SFA)/monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA) index; inflammatory risk: n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA) ratio = n-6/n-3 index; cardiovascular risk: sum of n-3 eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid(Dh A) = n-3 index; free radical stress: sum of FA trans isomers = %trans index] and FA pathway enzyme activity estimate(delta-9-desaturase = D9D; delta-6-desaturase = D6D; delta-5-desaturase = D5D; elongase = ELO). Statistics were carried out using nonparametric tests. The amount of each FA was calculated as a percentage of the total FA content(relative%).RESULTS In the OO-IVLE group, the percentage of oleic acid in the RBCs was positively correlated with the weekly load of OO-IVLE(r = 0.540, P = 0.043). In the SMOFIVLE cohort, the RBC membrane EPA and Dh A were positively correlated with the daily amount of SMOFIVLE(r = 0.751, P = 0.044) and the number of h PN infusions per week(r = 0.753; P = 0.046), respectively. The SMOF-IVLE group showed the highest EPA and Dh A and the lowest arachidonic acid percentages(P < 0.001). The RBC membrane linoleic acid content was lower, and oleic and vaccenic acids were higher in all the h PN groups in comparison to the h Cs. Vaccenic acid was positively correlated with the weekly h PN load of glucose in both the OO-IVLE(r = 0.716; P = 0.007) and the SMOF-IVLE(r = 0.732; P = 0.053) groups. The estimated activity of D9 D was higher in all the h PN groups than in the h Cs(P < 0.001). The estimated activity of D5 D was lower in the SMOF-IVLE group than in the h Cs(P = 0.013). The SFA/MUFA ratio was lower in all the h PN groups than in the h Cs(P < 0.001). The n-6/n-3 index was lower and the n-3 index was higher in the SMOF-IVLE group in comparison to the h Cs and to the other h PN groups(P < 0.001). The %trans index did not differ among the four groups. CONCLUSION The FA profile of IVLEs significantly influenced the cell membrane functional lipidomics. The amount of glucose in the h PN may play a relevant role, mediated by the insulin regulation of the FA pathway enzyme activities.
