湖北建始三个农家核桃品质研究

【目的】为进一步对长核桃、圆核桃、乌仁核桃的品种选优和标准化生产提供依据。【方法】按照国家核桃坚果品质(GB/T 20298—2006)中的方法对外观品质、物理指标进行测定,用GB/T 2906中规定的方法测定粗脂肪,用GB/T 5009.5中规定的方法测定蛋白质,等离子发射光谱法测定所含矿质元素。【结果】结果表明三个农家核桃均具良好的外观品质,且核仁饱满,味道香,涩味淡,脂肪和蛋白质含量高,矿质元素含量丰富。【结论】特别是乌仁核桃内种皮乌紫色,属消费者偏爱的紫色食品,且口感香甜,风味浓郁,营养丰富,脂肪和蛋白质含量均达到GB/T 20398—2006的特级标准,具有较好的发展前景。

Growth Characteristics of Compound Leaf with Different Quantities of Leaflet of the Juglans cathayensis in Xinjiang

[Objective] The aim was to explore the growth characteristics of different quantity leaflet compound leaves of Juglans cathayensis in Xinjiang so as to provide basic data for the study of J.cathayensis.[Method] The length,width and biomass of compound leaves growth characteristics of three types of different quantity leaflet compound leaves of J.cathayensis were measured in large samples.[Result] The length,width,rachis biomass and total biomass of compound leaves increased with the number of leaflets increase;leaflets biomass of the same phyllotaxy decreased with the number of leaflets increase.The leaflet length,width and biomass of the same compound leaves increased with the number of phyllotaxy increase.The differences on petiole length and top leaflets length were not significant;there were significant differences on compound leaves width;the differences on the total biomass of compound leaves were extremely significant.[Conclusion] There was rather large ecology plasticity of the compound leaves of J.cathayensis in Xinjiang.

Study on Improvement of Walnut Bud Grafting Technology in the North

[Objective] This study was conducted to change the situation of high cost in walnut grafting by reducing seedling cost through technical means.[Method] Effects of different rootstock processing methods and rootstock pruning time on walnut growth and cost were studied by the square bud grafting method.[Result] The survival rate and cost under stumping were higher than those under no stumping,and the proportion of grafting-capable rootstocks under stumping was lower than that under no stumping by 9%.The cost differences between different rootstock time were remarkable.The cost for the stock pruning 15 d after grafting was 5 times as much as 1 d after grafting.[Conclusion] Direct grafting could achieve the effect of easy and convenient management,and the overall cost was lower though the survival rate was reduced to a limited extent.Sooner rootstock pruning resulted in a better effect.Pruning the rootstocks within 5 d after grafting not only could improve the quality of seedlings,but also could reduce the cost for seedling management.

Thinning effects on walnut stem and crown diameter growth and fruiting in the walnut-fruit forests of Kyrgyzstan

The walnut-fruit forests （Juglans regia L.） in southern Kyrgyzstan are considered to be biodiversity hotspots and of considerable economic and ecological importance to local populations. The fruiting ability and stability of these forests are, however, decreasing because of infrequent silvicultural interventions and non-existent natural regeneration. Continuous inventories and walnut harvest measurements were carded out on 18 trial and control plots over the course of i3 year. Results showed that i） thinning had a positive influence on diameter at breast height （dbh） increase, ii） dbh growth and crown area increases are strongly and positively correlated, iii） large crowns enhanced the production of fruits, and iv） temperature conditions had a major influence on the production of fruits. The above-mentioned points are particularly relevant for young plantations but are also valid for relatively old plantations （〉 50 years）. We conclude that regular thinning substantially improves diameter growth, fruit production and ability of trees to withstand wind and snow damage in both young stands and in older walnut-fruit forests.