目的阐明藏药长毛风毛菊的药效及化学成分,探讨其有效成分、关键靶点和相关通路,明确其治疗肾性水肿的作用机制。方法将SD大鼠分为空白组、阿霉素诱导肾性水肿模型组,长毛风毛菊给药低剂量组、高剂量组。测定血清生化指标,探讨各组总蛋...目的阐明藏药长毛风毛菊的药效及化学成分,探讨其有效成分、关键靶点和相关通路,明确其治疗肾性水肿的作用机制。方法将SD大鼠分为空白组、阿霉素诱导肾性水肿模型组,长毛风毛菊给药低剂量组、高剂量组。测定血清生化指标,探讨各组总蛋白(total protein,TP)、尿素氮(blood u-rea nitrogen,BUN)、血肌酐(serum creatinine,SCr)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、总胆固醇(serum total cholestero,TC)、低密度脂蛋白(low density lipoprotein,LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(high density lipopro-tein,HDL-C)指标的情况。采用UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS技术对藏药长毛风毛菊的化学成分进行分析;在SwissTargetPrediction、GeneCards数据库分别获取长毛风毛菊化学成分靶点和肾性水肿靶点,取交集获得治疗肾性水肿作用靶点;通过STRING数据库进行蛋白互作分析;利用Metascape平台进行gene ontology(GO)功能和京都基因和基因组百科全书(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)通路分析;将药物、靶点等导入到Cytoscape3.7.2构建“药物-成分-靶点-疾病-通路”网络图。筛选出排名靠前的6个基因和12个有效成分,通过分子对接技术验证网络药理预测的准确性,揭示长毛风毛菊治疗肾性水肿的作用机制。结果大鼠血清中TP、HDL-C指标上调,BUN、SCr、TC、TG和LDL-C指标均下调。从藏药长毛风毛菊提取物中共鉴定了71个化合物,包括7个苯丙素类、16个绿原酸类和39个黄酮类等成分。通过预测得出75个长毛风毛菊治疗肾性水肿靶点,GO富集共涉及生物过程、细胞组分、分子功能3个方面,KEGG富集结果显示PI3K/AKT、AGE-RAGE、MAPK等是显著通路。分子对接结果显示,有效成分与关键靶点结合能Vina评分均小于0,高效验证了网络药理预测的准确性。结论该研究基于药效学实验,结合UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS鉴定、网络药理学分析和分子对接技术,表明长毛风毛菊能够治疗肾性水肿,可能通过调控PI3K/AKT、AGE-RAGE、MAPK信号通路中TP53、PI3K、AKT等相关靶点来发挥作用。展开更多
Morphology of the cortical reaction in the eggs of Penaeus penicillatus was studied with the light microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The cortical reaction is divided into fo...Morphology of the cortical reaction in the eggs of Penaeus penicillatus was studied with the light microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The cortical reaction is divided into four stages. These stages are unreacted stages, early stages, corona stages and dissipation stage. The cortical rods were released and formed a jelly coating around the surface of the egg. The jelly coating remained until the first cleavage had finished. In the end, the hatching membrane appeared around the egg. It is believed that these cortical reaction are responsible for the prevention of polyspermy by both a chemical and physical block and that also may establish a microenvironment inside a touch chorionic membrane for the developing embryo.展开更多
文摘目的阐明藏药长毛风毛菊的药效及化学成分,探讨其有效成分、关键靶点和相关通路,明确其治疗肾性水肿的作用机制。方法将SD大鼠分为空白组、阿霉素诱导肾性水肿模型组,长毛风毛菊给药低剂量组、高剂量组。测定血清生化指标,探讨各组总蛋白(total protein,TP)、尿素氮(blood u-rea nitrogen,BUN)、血肌酐(serum creatinine,SCr)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、总胆固醇(serum total cholestero,TC)、低密度脂蛋白(low density lipoprotein,LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(high density lipopro-tein,HDL-C)指标的情况。采用UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS技术对藏药长毛风毛菊的化学成分进行分析;在SwissTargetPrediction、GeneCards数据库分别获取长毛风毛菊化学成分靶点和肾性水肿靶点,取交集获得治疗肾性水肿作用靶点;通过STRING数据库进行蛋白互作分析;利用Metascape平台进行gene ontology(GO)功能和京都基因和基因组百科全书(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)通路分析;将药物、靶点等导入到Cytoscape3.7.2构建“药物-成分-靶点-疾病-通路”网络图。筛选出排名靠前的6个基因和12个有效成分,通过分子对接技术验证网络药理预测的准确性,揭示长毛风毛菊治疗肾性水肿的作用机制。结果大鼠血清中TP、HDL-C指标上调,BUN、SCr、TC、TG和LDL-C指标均下调。从藏药长毛风毛菊提取物中共鉴定了71个化合物,包括7个苯丙素类、16个绿原酸类和39个黄酮类等成分。通过预测得出75个长毛风毛菊治疗肾性水肿靶点,GO富集共涉及生物过程、细胞组分、分子功能3个方面,KEGG富集结果显示PI3K/AKT、AGE-RAGE、MAPK等是显著通路。分子对接结果显示,有效成分与关键靶点结合能Vina评分均小于0,高效验证了网络药理预测的准确性。结论该研究基于药效学实验,结合UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS鉴定、网络药理学分析和分子对接技术,表明长毛风毛菊能够治疗肾性水肿,可能通过调控PI3K/AKT、AGE-RAGE、MAPK信号通路中TP53、PI3K、AKT等相关靶点来发挥作用。
文摘Morphology of the cortical reaction in the eggs of Penaeus penicillatus was studied with the light microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The cortical reaction is divided into four stages. These stages are unreacted stages, early stages, corona stages and dissipation stage. The cortical rods were released and formed a jelly coating around the surface of the egg. The jelly coating remained until the first cleavage had finished. In the end, the hatching membrane appeared around the egg. It is believed that these cortical reaction are responsible for the prevention of polyspermy by both a chemical and physical block and that also may establish a microenvironment inside a touch chorionic membrane for the developing embryo.
