Long-term variations and trends in a wide range of statistics for daily precipitation characteristics in terms of intensity, frequency and duration in Finland were analysed using precipitation records during 1908e2008...Long-term variations and trends in a wide range of statistics for daily precipitation characteristics in terms of intensity, frequency and duration in Finland were analysed using precipitation records during 1908e2008 from 3 meteorological stations in the south(Kaisaniemi),centre(Kajaani) and north(Sodankyl€a). Although precipitation days in northern part were more frequent than in central and southern parts, daily precipitation intensity in the south was generally higher than those in the centre and north of the country. Annual sum of very light precipitation(0 mm < daily precipitation long-term 50 th percentile of daily precipitation more than 0 mm) significantly( p < 0.05) decreased over time,with the highest rate in northern Finland. These decreasing trends might be the result of significant increases in frequency of days with very light precipitation at all the stations, with the highest and lowest rates in northern and southern Finland, respectively. Ratio of annual total precipitation to number of precipitation days also declined in Finland over 1908e2008, with a decreasing north to south gradient. However, annual duration indices of daily precipitation revealed no statistically significant trends at any station. Daily precipitation characteristics showed significant relationships with various well-known atmospheric circulation patterns(ACPs). In particular, the East Atlantic/West Russia(EA/WR)pattern in summer was the most influential ACP negatively associated with different daily precipitation intensity, frequency and duration indices at all three stations studied.展开更多
Under the dual pressures of economic growth and environmental protection,how to curb pollution and raise public welfare without harming the economy or with minimal economic output losses has become a major question fa...Under the dual pressures of economic growth and environmental protection,how to curb pollution and raise public welfare without harming the economy or with minimal economic output losses has become a major question facing China in its efforts to transform growth pattern and accomplish economic transition. On the basis of an overlapping generation(OLG) model, this paper introduces the health effects of environmental pollution to systematically discuss the optimal distribution ratio of energy tax revenues in subsidizing household income and emission abatement under given tax rates to reduce the risks of "environment-health-poverty" trap. Our research shows that an optimal distribution ratio for maximizing per capita output or an optimal distribution ratio for maximizing public welfare exists. Based on China's actual parameters, however, this study has found that China's energy tax revenue distribution policy hardly meets the two optimal targets at the same time. Specific distribution ratio is subject to government decision-making preference, and needs to be adjusted according to actual differences.展开更多
At the cost of overdrawing from the environment, spatial distribution of industries takes promoting the economic growth as goal and makes the overload of industries coexist with the unreasonable arrangement in some ar...At the cost of overdrawing from the environment, spatial distribution of industries takes promoting the economic growth as goal and makes the overload of industries coexist with the unreasonable arrangement in some areas, which is unable to satisfy the demand of sustainable development. To change the present development model, the spatial distribution of industries must coordinate with the environmental bearing capacity. The present practice we take to change resources distribution to meet the existing arrangement of industries will bring incredible calamitous consequence to the development in the future. To make industry’s arrangement coordinate with ecological environment, and to adopt the method similar to “arranging along the rivers” should become the guidelines of spatial distribution of industries.展开更多
In recent years, the Industrial economy of country although maintained a high growth rate, but most industry which is still extensive economic growth mode. This paper taking Dong'e County as an example, discusses the...In recent years, the Industrial economy of country although maintained a high growth rate, but most industry which is still extensive economic growth mode. This paper taking Dong'e County as an example, discusses the idea of circular economy in industrial applications, in the analysis of Situation and the existence questions of Dong'e County Industrial Development Present, pushing forward circular eco-industrial development inevitability, Preliminary design of Dong'e County recycling ecological industry development mode.展开更多
From a multi-dimensional perspective of economic development,carbon dioxide and industrial pollutant emission and resource consumption in the case study of Shenyang,this paper analyzes the resource consumption and env...From a multi-dimensional perspective of economic development,carbon dioxide and industrial pollutant emission and resource consumption in the case study of Shenyang,this paper analyzes the resource consumption and environmental impact in the process of urban economic development and low-carbon transition and evaluates the emission reduction potential and scenario of various technologies. The results show that city plays a key role in global low-carbon economic construction,and it is pointed out that emission reduction technology in urban scale can reduce total amount of carbon emission to substantial extent. From the aspect of future development,the input of technology and economic growth pattern should be strengthened so as to realize economic development as well as the total amount reduction of pollutant emission.展开更多
基金the Finnish Cultural Foundation and Maa-ja vesitekniikan tuki r.y. (MVTT, 29188) for funding this researchsupported by Swedish VR, BECC and MERGE programs
文摘Long-term variations and trends in a wide range of statistics for daily precipitation characteristics in terms of intensity, frequency and duration in Finland were analysed using precipitation records during 1908e2008 from 3 meteorological stations in the south(Kaisaniemi),centre(Kajaani) and north(Sodankyl€a). Although precipitation days in northern part were more frequent than in central and southern parts, daily precipitation intensity in the south was generally higher than those in the centre and north of the country. Annual sum of very light precipitation(0 mm < daily precipitation long-term 50 th percentile of daily precipitation more than 0 mm) significantly( p < 0.05) decreased over time,with the highest rate in northern Finland. These decreasing trends might be the result of significant increases in frequency of days with very light precipitation at all the stations, with the highest and lowest rates in northern and southern Finland, respectively. Ratio of annual total precipitation to number of precipitation days also declined in Finland over 1908e2008, with a decreasing north to south gradient. However, annual duration indices of daily precipitation revealed no statistically significant trends at any station. Daily precipitation characteristics showed significant relationships with various well-known atmospheric circulation patterns(ACPs). In particular, the East Atlantic/West Russia(EA/WR)pattern in summer was the most influential ACP negatively associated with different daily precipitation intensity, frequency and duration indices at all three stations studied.
基金a result of Preponderant Discipline(Industrial Economics)of Chinese Academy of Social SciencesNational Major Social Sciences Project(15ZDA054)+1 种基金the National Social Science Fund of China(NSSFC)(71273261,71573258)supported by the High-level Talent Attraction Program of Jinan University(88016557)
文摘Under the dual pressures of economic growth and environmental protection,how to curb pollution and raise public welfare without harming the economy or with minimal economic output losses has become a major question facing China in its efforts to transform growth pattern and accomplish economic transition. On the basis of an overlapping generation(OLG) model, this paper introduces the health effects of environmental pollution to systematically discuss the optimal distribution ratio of energy tax revenues in subsidizing household income and emission abatement under given tax rates to reduce the risks of "environment-health-poverty" trap. Our research shows that an optimal distribution ratio for maximizing per capita output or an optimal distribution ratio for maximizing public welfare exists. Based on China's actual parameters, however, this study has found that China's energy tax revenue distribution policy hardly meets the two optimal targets at the same time. Specific distribution ratio is subject to government decision-making preference, and needs to be adjusted according to actual differences.
文摘At the cost of overdrawing from the environment, spatial distribution of industries takes promoting the economic growth as goal and makes the overload of industries coexist with the unreasonable arrangement in some areas, which is unable to satisfy the demand of sustainable development. To change the present development model, the spatial distribution of industries must coordinate with the environmental bearing capacity. The present practice we take to change resources distribution to meet the existing arrangement of industries will bring incredible calamitous consequence to the development in the future. To make industry’s arrangement coordinate with ecological environment, and to adopt the method similar to “arranging along the rivers” should become the guidelines of spatial distribution of industries.
文摘In recent years, the Industrial economy of country although maintained a high growth rate, but most industry which is still extensive economic growth mode. This paper taking Dong'e County as an example, discusses the idea of circular economy in industrial applications, in the analysis of Situation and the existence questions of Dong'e County Industrial Development Present, pushing forward circular eco-industrial development inevitability, Preliminary design of Dong'e County recycling ecological industry development mode.
基金Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71033004)Post-doctor Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Applied Ecology(No.Y0SBS161S3)
文摘From a multi-dimensional perspective of economic development,carbon dioxide and industrial pollutant emission and resource consumption in the case study of Shenyang,this paper analyzes the resource consumption and environmental impact in the process of urban economic development and low-carbon transition and evaluates the emission reduction potential and scenario of various technologies. The results show that city plays a key role in global low-carbon economic construction,and it is pointed out that emission reduction technology in urban scale can reduce total amount of carbon emission to substantial extent. From the aspect of future development,the input of technology and economic growth pattern should be strengthened so as to realize economic development as well as the total amount reduction of pollutant emission.