微创椎间口腰椎融合术治疗腰椎退行型病变的疗效分析

目的观察微创椎间口腰椎融合术治疗腰椎退行型病变的疗效分析。方法选取医院收治的腰椎退行性疾病患者50例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组25例。对照组采用传统开放式手术,观察组采用微创椎间口融合术。观察2组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后下床活动时间及住院时间。结果 2组患者手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组术中出血量少于对照组,术后下床活动时间及术后住院时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论腰椎退行性病变的患者采取微创腰椎融合术进行治疗,具有术中出血量少、手术创伤少、住院时间短和术后恢复快等优点。

微创椎间口腰椎融合术治疗腰椎退行型病变的疗效观察

探究对腰椎退行型病变患者采用微创椎间口腰椎融合术方法治疗后的效果分析及临床价值分析。方法:以2020年8月1日作为起始时间,截止至2021年9月30日,近1年的时间内本院救治的腰椎退行型病变的患者,一共收集患者资料50份,按照患者入院先后顺序并采取随机原则,分为两组,对照组和观察组,分别25例。两组采取不同的治疗方法,其中对照组患者采用传统开放式手术方式,观察组的患者实施微创椎间口腰椎融合术。手术后,统计并比较对照组和观察组患者手术用时、术中出血、术后活动、术后住院时间等临床指标,及其术后患者疼痛情况、有效率情况、生活质量情况。结果:数据表明,通过微创椎间口腰椎融合术的方法治疗后,观察组的患者的治疗效果远高于对照组,观察组患者在手术时间、术中出血量、术后下床时间、术后住院时间等临床指标上与对照组相比较,也明显优于对照组,p值<0.05;观察组患者的总有效率大大高于对照组,p值<0.05;观察组患者术后疼痛情况相较于对照组而言,显著较轻, p<0.05;观察组患者在生活质量的评分方面较于对照组而言,也明显高出许多,p值<0.05。结论:微创椎间口腰椎融合术对腰椎退行型病变的治疗效果理想,可有效减少术中出血情况,减轻患者不适感,提高治疗效果,降低患者的疼痛感,提高患者的生活质量,促进患者身体康复,值得临床推广。

括约肌间瘘管结扎+清除内口术治疗肛瘘的临床疗效探讨

目的通过括约肌间瘘管结扎+清除内口术(以下简称LIFT改良术)与传统肛瘘切除术相比较,观察其疗效及并发症。方法符合纳入标准的肛瘘患者30例,将30例患者按照随机数字法分为两组,即治疗组15例采用LIFT改良术,对照组15例采用传统肛瘘切除术。系统比对两组患者的一般情况及治愈率、住院时间、愈合时间及术后并发症、肛门失禁评分(wexner评分)、住院费用等指标。结果两组治愈率均为93.33%,复发率为6.67%,组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);住院时间、愈合时间、术后疼痛情况,及创面分泌物、肛门失禁评分(wexner评分)等方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),即治疗组(LIFT改良术)在以上几方面明显优于对照组(传统肛瘘切除术)。结论LIFT改良术治疗肛瘘疗效满意,有创伤小、恢复快、疼痛轻等优点,患者的临床治愈率更高,对患者的身体康复起到积极的推动作用。该治疗方法疗效显著,可以在医学临床上广泛使用。

李华东从椎间孔内外口靶点治疗腰椎间盘突出症经验

李华东老师对神经根在椎管、侧隐窝及神经根管仍有活动空间的腰椎间盘突出症患者,以椎间孔内外口处的神经根和韧带为靶点,在衷中参西思想指导下,进行分期论治。急性期选用椎间孔内外口神经阻滞术配合微针刀椎间孔内外口微韧带松解术,缓解期选用椎间孔内外口针刺神经刺激术,慢性期选用瞬时电针强刺激术。其整合针刺、针刀、药物、电针等治疗手段的优势,取得较好疗效。

括约肌间入路内口挂线术联合脓腔对口引流治疗马蹄形肛周脓肿效果观察

目的观察括约肌间入路内口挂线术联合脓腔对口引流术治疗马蹄形肛周脓肿的效果。方法选取该院马蹄形肛周脓肿患者62例,随机分为观察组和对照组各31例。观察组采用括约肌间入路内口挂线术联合脓腔对口引流术,对照组采用单纯切开引流术。结果对照组术后中重度疼痛率54.8%、尿潴留发生率48.4%,明显高于观察组的6.5%和6.5%;治愈率19.4%,明显低于观察组的83.9%;差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论采用括约肌间入路内口挂线术联合脓腔对口引流术较单纯切开引流术,治疗马蹄形肛周脓肿能有效改善术后尿潴留及中重疼痛发生率,提高疗效。

国产阔叶树材导管中侵填体和树胶的研究

扫描电镜观察我国１０２种阔叶树材导管，其中４９种有侵填体存在，１２种有树胶存在．侵填体形态有４种类型，即泡沫状、梯状、坍塌状和圆球状。树胶分布有３种形式，即堵塞整个导管、胶层附在导管内壁、圆球状胶滴沉积在纹孔上。导管－射线间纹孔口长和宽大于３μｍ和２μｍ的树种具有侵填体，小于３μｍ和２μｍ的具有树胶。对刺槐（Ｒｏｂｉｎｉａｐｓｅｕｄｏａｃａｃｉａ）超薄切片的观察表明，侵填体壁具有分层的初生壁和胞间层，并保留单纹孔。光镜观察３种阔叶树材导管中侵填体和树胶在生长轮的分布，近髓心处含量最丰富，向树皮方向有减少的趋势。

Rolling horizon scheduling algorithm for dynamic vehicle scheduling system

Dynamic exclusive pickup and delivery problem with time windows (DE-PDPTW), aspecial dynamic vehicle scheduling problem, is proposed. Its mathematical description is given andits static properties are analyzed, and then the problem is simplified asthe asymmetrical travelingsalesman problem with time windows. The rolling horizon scheduling algorithm (RHSA) to solve thisdynamic problem is proposed. By the rolling of time horizon, the RHSA can adapt to the problem'sdynamic change and reduce the computation time by dealing with only part of the customers in eachrolling time horizon. Then, its three factors, the current customer window, the scheduling of thecurrent customer window and the rolling strategy, are analyzed. The test results demonstrate theeffectiveness of the RHSA to solve the dynamic vehicle scheduling problem.

New details indicated by different stainings during conjugation of ciliated protozoa Paramecium

During conjugation of Paramecium caudatum, nuclear events occur in a scheduled program. Morphological studies on nuclear behavior during conjugation of P. caudatum have been performed since the end of the 19th century. Here we report on new details concerning the conjugation of P. caudatum through the staining of conjugating ceils with protargol, carbol fuchsin solution, Hoechst 33342 and immunofluorescence labeling with monoclonal antibody of anti-a tubulin. 1） The crescent nucleus is a characteristic of the meiotic prophase of P. caudatum, has an unstained area. We stained this area with protargol, which was separated from the chromatin area and was not detected by the other stainings. 2） In regards to the four meiotic products, it has long been considered that only one product enters the paroral cone region （PC） and survives after meiosis. However, our protargol and immunofluorescence labeling results indicated that PC entrance of the meiotic product happened before the completion of meiosis instead of after. 3） In our previous study, protargol staining indicated the presence of a swollen structure around the central part of the ＂U＂ and ＂V＂ shaped spindles connecting the two types of prospective pronuclei. However, immunofluorescence labeling with anti-a tubulin antibodies gave a different image from protargol. All these observations form the basis for further studies of their molecular mechanisms.

Analytical method of minimum spacing of signalized intersections on bidirectional two-lane highways

In order to improve the smoothness of traffic flow on bidirectional two-lane highways, an analytical method is proposed to optimize the minimum spacing of the signalized intersections. The minimum signal spacing is determined by two parts, including the necessary distance for stabilizing the traffic flow after it passes through the signalized intersections and the length of the upstream functional area of intersection. For the former, based on the platoon dispersion theory, the stable distance determination problem of traffic flow is studied and a model of dispersion degrees varying with the distance from the upstream intersection is presented, in which the time headway is intended to yield the shifted negative exponential distribution. The parameters of the model for medal and collector highways are estimated respectively based on the field data. Then, the section at which the slope of dispersion degree curve equals -0.1 is regarded as the beginning of the dispersion stable state. The length of the intersection upstream functional area is determined by three parts, including the distance traveled during perception-reaction time, the distance traveled while a driver decelerates to a stop, and the queue storage length. Based on the above procedures, the minimum signal spacing of each highway category is proposed.

Design of Shallow Dish Roadside Ditch in Arid Area——Taking Highway 304 Line from Yanchi to Hongjing in Ningxia Province as an Example

In this study, the shallow dish cross-section roadside ditch was designed, based on highway 304 line from Yanchi to Hongjing of Ningxia Province. The hy- draulic calculation of the shallow ditch obtained the corresponding water outlet dis- tance of the ditch with the width of 1.5 m or 2 m suitable for local use under dif- ferent groove longitudinal slope conditions. And the key roadside ditch construction techniques and suitable grass species were introduced.

Study on the model of pedestrian cross-time in signalized intersection

For studying the law of pedestrian cross-time in the signalized intersection, based on gap theory, a probability chorological discipline model of crossing pedestrians is built based on the observed data. Moreover, the number of pedestrians passing through in a critical gap is estimated under different conditions by three models. Then the models of pedestrian crosswalk average time, the 85th percentile pedestrian cross-time and the 90th percentile pedestrian cross-time are deduced. By quantitative analyses and the exemplification of the models, the main correlative factors acting on pedestrian cross-time are found, including the length of the crosswalk, the probability of the time-headway being less than the critical gap and the number of the turned motor vehicles in the intersection. The results indicate that the estimated errors of the models are less than 5%.

Formulation Study for Rotundine Rapidly Disintegrating Tablet

Aim The aim of the present study was to prepare tablets which can rapidlydisintegrate in saliva, containing active ingredient in high dose (37.5% W/W). Methods Rapidlydisintegrating tablets containing rotundine were prepared by direct compression, wet granulation andmoulding, respectively . Different disintegrants and excipients were decided by single factor test.The typical disintegration time measurement and a new method of wetting time measuring wereintroduced for assessing rapidly disintegrating tablets. Results The tablets (80 mg) prepared bydirect compression have the crushing strength of 4.0 kg ?mm^(-2) and rapidly disintegratewithin 15 s in the saliva of healthy volunteers; the tablets prepared by wet granulation also havesufficient strength, a little longer but acceptable disintegration time (within 25 s in saliva) ;and the tablets obtained by moulding show disintegration within 40 s in saliva but low strength (2kg·mm^(-2)) . Disintegration time profiles of tablets are similar to those of wetting time, and thedisintegration and wetting times in vitro are similar to the disintegration time in vivo, thelatter having higher correlation with that in oral cavity. Conclusion The rapidly disintegratingtablets can be prepared by using these three techniques and excipients. Both in vitro disintegrationtime and wetting time are necessary indexes for judgment of in vitro disintegration profile.

分析内口结扎改良括约肌间瘘管结扎术(LIFT)治疗低位肛瘘患者的临床疗效

分析内口结扎改良括约肌间瘘管结扎术(LIFT)治疗低位肛瘘患者的临床疗效。方法 选取2021年1月—2021年12月我院收治的低位肛瘘患者70例作为观察对象,按照术式不同分为观察组、对照组,各35例。对照组应用传统切开挂线术,观察组应用内口结扎改良括约肌间瘘管结扎术。对比临床效果。结果 观察组各指标均优于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论 内口结扎改良括约肌间瘘管结扎术能够在患者治疗中发挥重要作用。

Port Integration in China: Temporal Pathways, Spatial Patterns and Dynamics

Over the past two decades, numerous ports located in China have participated in port integration strategies, thus influencing the entire port system. The current research is initiated in order to examine the nature of port integration in China, including associated temporal pathways, spatial patterns and dynamics. Results indicate that port integration in China has been characterized by a significant increase at the turn of the 21 st century, comprising thirteen distinguishable pathways typified by differing dynamics, particularly between the northern and southern ports. Pathways were found to include 44 seaports and river ports, chiefly concentrated in the Bohai Rim, Yangtze(Changjiang) River Delta, Beibu Gulf and the southeastern Fujian, thus representing significant spatial regions. Categorically larger seaports have become the primary beneficiaries of port integration. Integration cases were divided into four categories based upon quantified dynamic magnitude including the government-driven mode, market-driven mode, government/market-driven mode and strategic alliance, and into five further categories based upon spatial extent including port internal integration, jurisdictional port integration, port integration across neighbor region, regional port integration and hub-feeder port integration. Results suggest that several factors have effectively driven port integration in China, including legislative tools and spatial planning, optimization of shoreline resources and port functionality, and port competition with the same hinterland.

Diurnal Variation of Soil CO2 Efflux and Its Optimal Measuring Time-window of Temperate Meadow Steppes in Western Songnen Plain, China

In order to study the diurnal variation of soil CO2 effiux from temperate meadow steppes in Northeast China, and determine the best time for observation, a field experiment was conducted with a LI-6400 soil CO2 flux system under five typical plant communi- ties （Suaeda glauca （Sg）, Chloris virgata （Cv）, Puecinellia distans （Pd）, Leymus chinensis （Lc） and Phragmites australis （Pa）） and an alkali-spot land （As） at the meadow steppe of western Songnen Plain. The results showed that the diurnal variation of soil CO2 effiux exhibited a single peak curve in the growing season. Diurnal maximum soil respiration （Rs） often appeared between 1 1：00 and 13：00, while the minimum occurred at 21：00-23：00 or before dawn. Air temperature near the soil surface （Ta） and soil temperature at 10 cm depth （Tlo） exerted dominant control on the diurnal variations of soil respiration. The time-windows 7：00-9：00 could be used as the optimal measuring time to represent the daily mean soil CO2 effiux at the Cv, Pd, Lc and Pa sites. The daily mean soil CO2 effiux was close to the soil COz effiux from 15：00 to 17：00 and the mean of 2 individual soil CO2 effiux from 15：00 to 19：00 at the As and Sg sites, respectively. During nocturnal hours, negative soil CO2 fluxes （CO2 downwards into the soil） were frequently observed at the As and Sg sites, the magnitude of the negative CO2 fluxes were 0.10-1.55 gmol/（m2.s） and 0.10-0.69 gmol/（m2.s）at the two sites. The results im- plied that alkaline soils could absorb CO2 under natural condition, which might have significant implications to the global carbon budget accounting.

Prevalence and incidence of interatrial block in global population and in different clinical situations

The high prevalence of interatrial block （IAB） is widely neglected due to its frequent underdiaguosis. Its prevalence depends mainly on age and also on the presence of associ- ated heart disease. In patients without structural heart dis- ease, it is mainly an elderly condition. This is particularly true for advanced IAB, rarely found in global population before 65 years but with prevalence of 8% in the 70＇s and 25% in centenarians,tll When studying prevalence data of this condition, three factors should be taken into account in order to interpret differences that are frequently related with the methodology used （Table 1, Figure 1）.

Nitrogen Biological Cycle Characteristics of Seepweed(Suaeda salsa) Wetland in Intertidal Zone of Huanghe(Yellow) River Estuary

From April 2008 to November 2009, the nitrogen （N） cycle of plant-soil system in seepweed （Suaeda salsa） wetland in the intertidal zone of the Huanghe （Yellow） River estuary was studied. Results showed that soil N had sig- nificant seasonal fluctuations and vertical distribution, and the net N mineralization rates in topsoil were significantly different in growing season （p 〈 0.01）. The N/P ratio （9.87 ±1.23） of S. salsa was less than 14, indicating that plant growth was limited by N. The N accumulated in S. salsa litter at all times during decomposition, which was ascribed to the N immobilization by microbes from the environment. Soil organic N was the main N stock of plant-soil system, accounting for 97.35% of the total N stock. The N absorption and utilization coefficients of S. salsa were very low （0.0145 and 0.3844, respectively）, while the N cycle coefficient was high （0.7108）. The results of the N turnovers among compartments of S. salsa wetland showed that the N uptake amount of aboveground part and root were 7.764 g/m2and 4.332 g/m2, respectively. The N translocation amounts from aboveground part to root and from root to soil were 3.881 g/m2 and 0.626 g/m2, respectively. The N translocation amount from aboveground living body to litter was 3.883 g/m2, the annual N return amount from litter to soil was more than 0.125（-） g/m2 （minus represented immobili- zation）, and the net N mineralization amount in topsoil （0-15 cm） in growing season was 1.190 g/m2. The assessment of N biological cycle status orS. salsa wetland indicated that N was a very important limiting factor and the ecosystem was situated in unstable and vulnerable status. The S. salsa was seemingly well adapted to the low-nutrient status and vulnerable habitat, and the N quantitative relationships determined in the compartment model might provide scientific base for us to reveal the special adaptive strategy orS. salsa to the vulnerable habitat in the following studies.

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Coastal Wetlands and Reclamation in the Yangtze Estuary During Past 50 Years(1960s–2015)

Reclamation is one of the fastest-growing land use type developed in coastal areas and has caused degradation and loss of coastal wetlands as well as serious environmental problems. This paper was aimed at monitoring the spatiotemporal patterns of coastal wetlands and reclamation in the Yangtze Estuary during the 1960s and 2015. Satellite images obtained from 1980 to 2015 and topography maps of the 1960 s were employed to extract changes of reclamation and coastal wetlands. Area-weight centroids were calculated to identify the movement trend of reclamation and coastal wetlands. The results show that from the 1960 s to 2015, the net area of natural wetlands declined by 574.3 km^2, while man-made wetlands and reclamation increased by 553.6 and 543.9 km^2, respectively. During the five study phases, the fastest areal change rate natural wetlands was –13.3 km^2/yr in the period of 1990–2000, and that of man-made areas was 24.7 km^2/yr in the same period, and the areal change rate of reclamation was 27.6 km^2/yr in the period of 2000–2010. Conversion of coastal wetlands mainly occurred in the Chongming Island, Changshu City and the east coast of Shanghai Municipality. Reclamation was common across coastal areas, and was mainly attributed to settlement and man-made wetlands in the Chongming Island, Lianyungang City and the east coast of Shanghai Municipality. Natural wetlands turned into farmlands and settlement, and man-made wetlands gained from reclamation of farmlands. The centroid of natural wetlands generally moved towards the sea, man-made wetlands expanded equally in all directions and inland, and the centroid of reclamation migrated toward Shanghai Municipality. Sea level rise, erosion-deposition changes, and reclamation activities together determine the dynamics of the Yangtze Estuary wetlands. However, reclamation activities for construction of ports, industries and aquaculture are the key causes for the dynamics. The results from this study on the dynamics of coastal wetlands and reclamation are valuable for local government to put forward sustainable land use and land development plans.

Influences of population characteristics and natural resource endowment on renewable portfolio standard schedule design

Renewable portfolio standard （RPS） schedule requires a specified percentage of renewable electricity development by a specified date, and therefore directly determines the pace of renewable electricity in one area. The article aims to explore the ways the natural resource endowment and population characteristic affect the adoption of a RPS schedule. We used logistic regression to analyze the data of RPS dynamic schedules of 29 states and Washington, D.C. in the United States. Results show that local renewable potential and the interaction performance between citizen ideology and the league of conversation voters scoreboard are main factors affecting the choice of an RPS schedule, and the effect of the interaction performance between citizen ideology and LCV scoreboard has a higher significance. The finding suggests that strategies for developing renewable energy should be based on resources rather than economical level, and nublic education for environmental protection should be emphasized.