药用蕈菌姬松茸液体培养的菌丝形态学特征

在液体分批培养体系中 ,研究了药用蕈菌姬松茸Agaricusblazei悬浮菌丝物的形态多样性及其生长特征 .A .blazei菌丝物形态由初始的“分枝菌丝物”(Ⅰa与Ⅰb)演变成“絮簇菌丝物”(Ⅱa与Ⅱb) ,进而成为“颗粒菌丝物”(Ⅲa与Ⅲb) .对于以上空间构象 ,作者提出了“菌丝自由度”概念 .它从菌丝物立体结构上 ,描述了菌丝物内菌丝处在不同疏松度微环境中的空间特征 ,可表示为 :F =V/M =∑Ni=1 (ΔV) i/∑Ni=1 (ρ·ΔV) i=N/ (ρ1+…… +ρN) ,培养试验中 ,分别比较了 2d、5d与8d的摇瓶种液菌龄 ,以及氮源辅助基质D1为 5 0gL-1与 10 0gL-1时对悬浮菌丝物生长的影响 ;同时 ,还比较了ALR/ff反应器结构的特征参数“回流区高度比值h/H” (内导流筒高度h与液面高度H之比 )改变时A .blazei的生长情况 .结果表明 ,絮状 (Ⅱa、Ⅱb)菌丝物具有较高的生长能力 ,良好的生长过程与生长单元具有较高F值有关 .图 9参

二维蛋白质分子的热力学性质研究

采用二维正方形格点模型 ,用完全计算法研究了蛋白质分子的热力学性质 .发现体系的配分函数 Z与链长 N存在关系 :ln Z=a N + b,其中 a,b仅与温度、相互作用有关 .总简并度 g0 (m)与链长 N存在关系 :g0 (m) =a· γN ,其中 a=0 .0 9,γ=2 .72 .同时计算了蛋白质分子在自然状态构象间的平均距离 ,发现当链长 N较大时 ,平均距离趋于 1.6 7.

Explanation of Tautomerism and Isomerization in Terms of the Magnetic Field

A study of the influence of magnetic field on the tautomerism, the authors proposed a new method for predicting possible new intra- and intermolecular rearrangements due to tautomerism. The authors have proposed a general mechanism of possible rearrangements and tautomerism.

Modelling of multi-bodies in close proximity under water waves——Fluid resonance in narrow gaps

Viscous fluid model and potential flow model with and without artificial damping force(f=-μV,μ the damping coefficient and V the local averaging flow velocity) are employed in this work to investigate the phenomenon of fluid resonance in narrow gaps between multi-bodies in close proximity under water waves.The numerical results are compared with experimental data available in the literature.The comparison demonstrates that both the viscous fluid model and the potential flow model are able to predict the resonant frequency reasonably well.However the conventional potential flow model(without artificial damping term) significantly over-predicts the wave height in narrow gaps around the resonant frequency.In order to calibrate the appropriate damping coefficient used for the potential model and make it work as well as the viscous fluid model in predicting the resonant wave height in narrow gaps but with little computational efforts,the dependence of damping coefficient μ on the body geometric dimensions is examined considering the parameters of gap width Bg,body draft D,body breadth ratio Br and body number n(n = 2,3),where Br = BB/BA for the case of two bodies(Body A and Body B) with different breadths of BA and BB,respectively.It was confirmed that the damping coefficient used for the potential flow model is not sensitive to the geometric dimensions and spatial arrangement.It was found that μ∈ [0.4,0.5] may guarantee the variation of Hg/H0 with kh to be generally in good agreement with the experimental data and the results of viscous fluid model,where Hg is the excited wave height in narrow gaps under various dimensionless incident wave frequencies kh,H0 is the incident wave height,k = 2π/L is the wave number and h is the water depth.

Tomographic TR-PIV measurement of coherent structure spatial topology utilizing an improved quadrant splitting method

In this paper,we calculated the spatial local-averaged velocity strains along the streamwise direction at four spatial scales according to the concept of spatial local-averaged velocity structure function by using the three-dimensional three-component database of time series of velocity vector field in the turbulent boundary layer measured by tomographic time-resolved particle image velocimetry.An improved quadrant splitting method,based on the spatial local-averaged velocity strains together with a new conditional sampling phase average technique,was introduced as a criterion to detect the coherent structure topology.Furthermore,we used them to detect and extract the spatial topologies of fluctuating velocity and fluctuating vorticity whose center is a strong second-quadrant event(Q2) or a fourth-quadrant event(Q4).Results illustrate that a closer similarity of the multi-scale coherent structures is present in the wall-normal direction,compared to the one in the other two directions.The relationship among such topological coherent structures and Reynolds stress bursting events,as well as the fluctuating vorticity was discussed.When other burst events are surveyed(the first-quadrant event Q1 and the third-quadrant event Q3),a fascinating bursting period circularly occurs:Q4-S-Q2-Q3-Q2-Q1-Q4-S-Q2-Q3-Q2-Q1 in the center of such topological structures along the streamwise direction.In addition,the probability of the Q2 bursting event occurrence is slightly higher than that of the Q4 event occurrence.The spatial instable singularity that almost simultaneously appears together with typical Q2 or Q4 events has been observed,which is the main character of the mutual induction mechanism and vortex auto-generation mechanism explaining how the turbulence is produced and maintained.

Conformation preference and related intramolecular noncovalent interaction of selected short chain chlorinated paraffins

Short chain chlorinated paraffins （SCCPs） are not only research focus of environmental issues but also interesting model mol- ecules for organic chemistry which exhibit diverse conformation preference and intramolecular noncovalent interactions （NCIs）. A systematic study was conducted to reveal the conlk）rmation preference and the related intramolecular NCIs in two C^-isomers of SCCPs, 5,5,6,6-tetrachlorodecane and 4,4,6,6-1etrachlorodecane. The overall conformation profile was deter- mined on the basis of relative energies calculated at the MP2/6-311＋＋G（d,p） level with the geometries optimized by B3LYP/6-31 l＋＋G（d,p） method. Then, quantum theory of atoms in molecules （QTAIM） has been adopted to identify the NCls in the selected conformers of the model molecules at both B31~YP/6-31 l＋＋G（d,p） and M06-2X/aug-cc-pvdz level. Different chlorine substitution modes result in varied conformation preference. No obvious gauche effect can be observed tk）r the SCCPs with chlorination on adjacent carbon atoms. The most stable conformer of 5,5,6,6-tetrachlorodecane （tTt） has its three dihedral angles in the T configuration, and there is no intramolecular N（3s found in this molecule. On the contrary, the chlorination on interval carbon atoms favors the adoption of gauche configmation for the H C C CI axis. Not only inlramolecular H-..CI contacts but also H---H interactions have been identified as driving forces to compensate the instability from steric crowding ot the gauche configuration. The gggg and g＇g＇g＇g＇ conformers are the most popular ones, while the populations of tggg and tg＇g＇g＇ conformer are second to those of the gggg and g＇g＇g＇g＇ conformers. Meanwhile, the M06-2X method with large basis sets is preferred for identification of subtle intramolecular NCIs in large molecules like SCCPs.