Precision medicine aims to identify the right drug, for the right patient, at the right dose, at the right time, which is particularly important in cancer therapy. Problems such as the variability of treatment respons...Precision medicine aims to identify the right drug, for the right patient, at the right dose, at the right time, which is particularly important in cancer therapy. Problems such as the variability of treatment response and resistance to medication have been longstanding challenges in oncology, especially for development of new medications. Solid tumors, unlike hematologic malignancies or brain tumors, are remarkably diverse in their cellular origins and developmental timing. The ability of next-generation sequencing(NGS) to analyze the comprehensive landscape of genetic alterations brings promises to diseases that have a highly complex and heterogeneous genetic composition such as cancer. Here we provide an overview of how NGS is able to facilitate precision medicine and change the paradigm of cancer therapy, especially for solid tumors, through technical advancements, molecular diagnosis, response monitoring and clinical trials.展开更多
Objective To observe the influence of hypotherrnic circulatory arrest （HCA） on the apoptotic processes of neurons in the hippocampus and the expression of the related genes Bcl-2 and Bax, and compare to the intermit...Objective To observe the influence of hypotherrnic circulatory arrest （HCA） on the apoptotic processes of neurons in the hippocampus and the expression of the related genes Bcl-2 and Bax, and compare to the intermittent antegrade cerebral perfusion. Methods Eighteen dogs were randomly divided into three groups： control group （6 animals, underwent normal temperature cardiopulmonary bypass, NCPB）, HCA group （6 animals, underwent HCA for 1 h）, and HCA ＋ IACP group （6 animals, underwent HCA for 1 h, combined with intermittent antegrade cerebral perfusion （IACP） every 15 min）. The hippocampus tissue was retrieved 2h after the CPB discontinued The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax were examined with immunohistochemistry method. The cytomorphologic changes of the hippocampus tissue were investigated with transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. Results The immunohistochemical staining showed that Bax protein levels were significantly higher in HCA group than in the other two groups （P〈0.01）, while Bcl-2 protein levels were significantly higher in HCA ＋ IACP group than that of the other two groups （P〈0.01）. Meanwhile, the TEM results showed that there was no apoptosis of neurons in control group, but neuronal apoptotic changes could be clearly observed in HCA group, and only a small amount of apoptotic neurons were seen in HCA ＋ IACP group. Conclusions HCA alone can induce neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus. IACP during the HCA period has a protective effect on the cerebral tissue through suppressing apoptosis by decreasing Bax expression and increasing Bcl-2 expression.展开更多
The effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADMSC) transplantation for the repair of traumatic brain injury remain poorly understood. The present study observed neurological functional changes in a rat model...The effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADMSC) transplantation for the repair of traumatic brain injury remain poorly understood. The present study observed neurological functional changes in a rat model of traumatic brain injury following ADMSC transplantation via the tail vein. Cell transplants were observed in injured cerebral cortex, and expression of brain-derived nerve growth factor was significantly increased in the injured hippocampus following transplantation. Results demonstrated that transvenous ADMSC transplants migrated to the injured cerebral cortex and significantly improved cognitive function.展开更多
The recently introduced multivariate multiscale sample entropy(MMSE)well evaluates the long correlations in multiple channels,so that it can reveal the complexity of multivariate biological signals.The existing MMSE a...The recently introduced multivariate multiscale sample entropy(MMSE)well evaluates the long correlations in multiple channels,so that it can reveal the complexity of multivariate biological signals.The existing MMSE algorithm deals with short time series statically whereas long time series are common for real-time computation in practical use.As a solution,we novelly proposed our dynamic MMSE(DMMSE)as an extension of MMSE.This helps us gain greater insight into the complexity of each section of time series,producing multifaceted and more robust estimates than the standard MMSE.The simulation results illustrated the feasibility and well performance in the brain death diagnosis.展开更多
Objective: To study the altering rule of coagulation function at molecular level in patients with secondary brain injury (SBI). Methods: Tissue factor (TF) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) were studied in 32...Objective: To study the altering rule of coagulation function at molecular level in patients with secondary brain injury (SBI). Methods: Tissue factor (TF) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) were studied in 32 patients 1, 2, 3 and 7 days after craniocerebral injury. Repeated cranial CT scans and platelet counts were made simultaneously. Same measurements were done in 30 normal adults except CT scan. Results: No obvious difference was found in age, sex and platelet count between the injured and the normal groups. TFPI/TF decreased markedly in the first week after injury in patients with SBI, but only decreased on the 7th day in the patients without obvious SBI. For the patients who developed delayed intracranial hematoma (DIH) or hematoma enlargement, TF rose only 1 and 2 days after injury, but TFPI had a tendency to rise again after a fall on the 3rd day. For those patients who developed no DIH, TF rose all the time within the 1st week. Conclusions: Decrease of TFPI/TF for a long time, especially within 3 days after injury, may be one of the most important reasons for SBI. High expression of TF for a relative short time and increase of TFPI after a fall within 3 days may be one of the important reasons for DIH or hematoma enlargement.展开更多
Objective： To study the influence of different methods on serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule1 （sICAM1） in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods： Double antibody enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent ...Objective： To study the influence of different methods on serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule1 （sICAM1） in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods： Double antibody enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay was used. Results and Conclusion： Scalp point-to-point acupuncture has a significant reducing effect on abnormally elevated serum sICAM1 in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Its curative effect is superior to that of simple Western medicine. There is a significant difference between them （P〈 0,05）.展开更多
Objective： To promote stem cells differentiation into neurons and enhance neuromotor function after brain injury through brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） induction. Methods： Recombinant adenovirus vector ...Objective： To promote stem cells differentiation into neurons and enhance neuromotor function after brain injury through brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） induction. Methods： Recombinant adenovirus vector was applied to the transfection of BDNF into human-derived umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells （UCMSCs）. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to determine the secretion phase of BDNF. The brain injury model of athymic mice induced by hydraulic pressure percussion was established for transplantation of stem cells into the edge of injury site. Nerve function scores were obtained, and the expression level of transfected and non-transfected BDNF, proportion of neuron specific enolase （NSE） and glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP）, and the number of apoptosis cells were compared respectively. Results： The BDNF expression achieved its stabilization at a high level 72 hours after gene transfection. The mouse obtained a better score of nerve function, and the proportion of the NSE-positive cells increased significantly （P〈0.05）, but GFAP-positive cells decreased in BDNF- UCMSCs group compared with the other two groups （P〈0.05）. At the site of high expression of BDNF, the number of apoptosis cells decreased markedly. Conclusion： BDNF gene can promote the differentiation of the stem cells into neurons rather than glial cells, and enhance neuromotor function after brain injury.展开更多
文摘Precision medicine aims to identify the right drug, for the right patient, at the right dose, at the right time, which is particularly important in cancer therapy. Problems such as the variability of treatment response and resistance to medication have been longstanding challenges in oncology, especially for development of new medications. Solid tumors, unlike hematologic malignancies or brain tumors, are remarkably diverse in their cellular origins and developmental timing. The ability of next-generation sequencing(NGS) to analyze the comprehensive landscape of genetic alterations brings promises to diseases that have a highly complex and heterogeneous genetic composition such as cancer. Here we provide an overview of how NGS is able to facilitate precision medicine and change the paradigm of cancer therapy, especially for solid tumors, through technical advancements, molecular diagnosis, response monitoring and clinical trials.
文摘Objective To observe the influence of hypotherrnic circulatory arrest （HCA） on the apoptotic processes of neurons in the hippocampus and the expression of the related genes Bcl-2 and Bax, and compare to the intermittent antegrade cerebral perfusion. Methods Eighteen dogs were randomly divided into three groups： control group （6 animals, underwent normal temperature cardiopulmonary bypass, NCPB）, HCA group （6 animals, underwent HCA for 1 h）, and HCA ＋ IACP group （6 animals, underwent HCA for 1 h, combined with intermittent antegrade cerebral perfusion （IACP） every 15 min）. The hippocampus tissue was retrieved 2h after the CPB discontinued The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax were examined with immunohistochemistry method. The cytomorphologic changes of the hippocampus tissue were investigated with transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. Results The immunohistochemical staining showed that Bax protein levels were significantly higher in HCA group than in the other two groups （P〈0.01）, while Bcl-2 protein levels were significantly higher in HCA ＋ IACP group than that of the other two groups （P〈0.01）. Meanwhile, the TEM results showed that there was no apoptosis of neurons in control group, but neuronal apoptotic changes could be clearly observed in HCA group, and only a small amount of apoptotic neurons were seen in HCA ＋ IACP group. Conclusions HCA alone can induce neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus. IACP during the HCA period has a protective effect on the cerebral tissue through suppressing apoptosis by decreasing Bax expression and increasing Bcl-2 expression.
基金the National Basic Research Program of China(973Program),No.2007CB512705the General Program for Youths of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30801464
文摘The effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADMSC) transplantation for the repair of traumatic brain injury remain poorly understood. The present study observed neurological functional changes in a rat model of traumatic brain injury following ADMSC transplantation via the tail vein. Cell transplants were observed in injured cerebral cortex, and expression of brain-derived nerve growth factor was significantly increased in the injured hippocampus following transplantation. Results demonstrated that transvenous ADMSC transplants migrated to the injured cerebral cortex and significantly improved cognitive function.
基金supported by KAKENHI(Grant Nos.21360179,22560425)(JAPAN)supported by the Key Project of National Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11232005)The Ministry of Education Doctoral Foundation(Grant Nos.20120074110020)
文摘The recently introduced multivariate multiscale sample entropy(MMSE)well evaluates the long correlations in multiple channels,so that it can reveal the complexity of multivariate biological signals.The existing MMSE algorithm deals with short time series statically whereas long time series are common for real-time computation in practical use.As a solution,we novelly proposed our dynamic MMSE(DMMSE)as an extension of MMSE.This helps us gain greater insight into the complexity of each section of time series,producing multifaceted and more robust estimates than the standard MMSE.The simulation results illustrated the feasibility and well performance in the brain death diagnosis.
文摘Objective: To study the altering rule of coagulation function at molecular level in patients with secondary brain injury (SBI). Methods: Tissue factor (TF) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) were studied in 32 patients 1, 2, 3 and 7 days after craniocerebral injury. Repeated cranial CT scans and platelet counts were made simultaneously. Same measurements were done in 30 normal adults except CT scan. Results: No obvious difference was found in age, sex and platelet count between the injured and the normal groups. TFPI/TF decreased markedly in the first week after injury in patients with SBI, but only decreased on the 7th day in the patients without obvious SBI. For the patients who developed delayed intracranial hematoma (DIH) or hematoma enlargement, TF rose only 1 and 2 days after injury, but TFPI had a tendency to rise again after a fall on the 3rd day. For those patients who developed no DIH, TF rose all the time within the 1st week. Conclusions: Decrease of TFPI/TF for a long time, especially within 3 days after injury, may be one of the most important reasons for SBI. High expression of TF for a relative short time and increase of TFPI after a fall within 3 days may be one of the important reasons for DIH or hematoma enlargement.
文摘Objective： To study the influence of different methods on serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule1 （sICAM1） in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods： Double antibody enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay was used. Results and Conclusion： Scalp point-to-point acupuncture has a significant reducing effect on abnormally elevated serum sICAM1 in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Its curative effect is superior to that of simple Western medicine. There is a significant difference between them （P〈 0,05）.
基金This study was supported by the Project of Science and Technology Funds of Tianjin （No.06YFSZSF01200） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30872668）
文摘Objective： To promote stem cells differentiation into neurons and enhance neuromotor function after brain injury through brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） induction. Methods： Recombinant adenovirus vector was applied to the transfection of BDNF into human-derived umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells （UCMSCs）. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to determine the secretion phase of BDNF. The brain injury model of athymic mice induced by hydraulic pressure percussion was established for transplantation of stem cells into the edge of injury site. Nerve function scores were obtained, and the expression level of transfected and non-transfected BDNF, proportion of neuron specific enolase （NSE） and glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP）, and the number of apoptosis cells were compared respectively. Results： The BDNF expression achieved its stabilization at a high level 72 hours after gene transfection. The mouse obtained a better score of nerve function, and the proportion of the NSE-positive cells increased significantly （P〈0.05）, but GFAP-positive cells decreased in BDNF- UCMSCs group compared with the other two groups （P〈0.05）. At the site of high expression of BDNF, the number of apoptosis cells decreased markedly. Conclusion： BDNF gene can promote the differentiation of the stem cells into neurons rather than glial cells, and enhance neuromotor function after brain injury.
