Objective To investigate the variability of human cytomegalovirus （HCMV） UL138 open reading frame （ORF） in clinical strains. Methods HCMV UL138 ORF was amplified by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and PCR amplif...Objective To investigate the variability of human cytomegalovirus （HCMV） UL138 open reading frame （ORF） in clinical strains. Methods HCMV UL138 ORF was amplified by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and PCR amplification products were sequenced directly, and the data were analyzed in 19 clinical strains. Results LIL138 ORF in all 30 clinical strains was amplified successfully. Compared with that of Toledo strain, the nucleotide and amino acid sequence identifies of LIL138 ORF in all strains were 97.41% to 99.41% and 98.24% to 99.42%, respectively. All of the nucleofide mutations were substitutions. The spatial structure and post-translational modification sites of HL138 encoded proteins were conserved. The result of phylogenetic tree showed that HCMV HL138 sequence variations were not definitely related with different clinical symptoms. Conclusion HCMV UL138 ORF in clinical strains is high conservation, which might be helpful for UL138 encoded protein to play a role in latent infection of HCMV.展开更多
To obtain the helper plasmids for a reverse genetics system of rabies virus, the cDNAs of the complete open reading frames of the N, P, G, and L genes of rabies street virus stain HN10 were each cloned into expression...To obtain the helper plasmids for a reverse genetics system of rabies virus, the cDNAs of the complete open reading frames of the N, P, G, and L genes of rabies street virus stain HN10 were each cloned into expression vector pVAX1, These four plasmids were identified by restriction enzyme digestion and gene sequencing. The plasmid encoding the N protein was selected to determine the expression effect of these plasmids in NA cells. The results showed that the helper plasmids for a reverse genetics system of rabies street virus strain HN10 had been successfully constructed.展开更多
The paper addresses the disconnected students experience between evaluating their own writing and traditional evaluation methods, despite effective discussion and analysis in the classroom, especially, wide when stude...The paper addresses the disconnected students experience between evaluating their own writing and traditional evaluation methods, despite effective discussion and analysis in the classroom, especially, wide when students＇ reading skills are limited. The paper considers the application of flipping students＇ intense interest and intimate comprehension of video gaming into a lens for evaluating their writing. The sophisticated storylines in some literacy-laden video games rivet students＇ attention in higher order applications while the intricate plots and characters mirror those literary elements taught in print media. Garner comprehension is demandingly complex; transferring literary elements from the game storyline to their writing provides the comprehension carry-over for effective self-evaluation. They can ＂see＂ as a metaphor, those parallel concepts from screen to print, from playing strengths to reading and writing, for them, literary qualities become more transparent, and thus more accessible.展开更多
Pod1 is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH) family of transcription factors that have been implicated in the regulation of sexual differentiation and gonadal development in mammals.However,to date,little is k...Pod1 is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH) family of transcription factors that have been implicated in the regulation of sexual differentiation and gonadal development in mammals.However,to date,little is known about the role of Pod1 in nonmammalian vertebrate gonadogenesis.We cloned and characterized the Pod1 gene from tilapia.The tilapia Pod1 gene contains an open reading frame(ORF) of 525 nucleotides which potentially codes for a protein with 174 amino acids.Sequence alignment revealed that the deduced tilapia protein sequence shared high homology(79.5% to 90.5%) with the Pod1 sequences of other vertebrates.The tissue distribution of Pod1 revealed by RT-PCR showed that it had varied expression patterns in adult tilapia.In situ hybridization was performed to examine the temporal and spatial expression patterns of Pod1 during tilapia sexual differentiation and gonadal development.In the undifferentiated gonad,Pod1 was expressed in the somatic cells of both sexes.Subsequently,Pod1 expression in tilapia persisted in differentiated juvenile and adult ovary and testis.Our data indicate for the first time that Pod1 is not only necessary for the onset of sexual differentiation,but also plays an important role in gonadal development in the teleost.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30801254)
文摘Objective To investigate the variability of human cytomegalovirus （HCMV） UL138 open reading frame （ORF） in clinical strains. Methods HCMV UL138 ORF was amplified by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and PCR amplification products were sequenced directly, and the data were analyzed in 19 clinical strains. Results LIL138 ORF in all 30 clinical strains was amplified successfully. Compared with that of Toledo strain, the nucleotide and amino acid sequence identifies of LIL138 ORF in all strains were 97.41% to 99.41% and 98.24% to 99.42%, respectively. All of the nucleofide mutations were substitutions. The spatial structure and post-translational modification sites of HL138 encoded proteins were conserved. The result of phylogenetic tree showed that HCMV HL138 sequence variations were not definitely related with different clinical symptoms. Conclusion HCMV UL138 ORF in clinical strains is high conservation, which might be helpful for UL138 encoded protein to play a role in latent infection of HCMV.
基金National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2006AA02Z110, 2007AA02Z402)Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30630049)
文摘To obtain the helper plasmids for a reverse genetics system of rabies virus, the cDNAs of the complete open reading frames of the N, P, G, and L genes of rabies street virus stain HN10 were each cloned into expression vector pVAX1, These four plasmids were identified by restriction enzyme digestion and gene sequencing. The plasmid encoding the N protein was selected to determine the expression effect of these plasmids in NA cells. The results showed that the helper plasmids for a reverse genetics system of rabies street virus strain HN10 had been successfully constructed.
文摘The paper addresses the disconnected students experience between evaluating their own writing and traditional evaluation methods, despite effective discussion and analysis in the classroom, especially, wide when students＇ reading skills are limited. The paper considers the application of flipping students＇ intense interest and intimate comprehension of video gaming into a lens for evaluating their writing. The sophisticated storylines in some literacy-laden video games rivet students＇ attention in higher order applications while the intricate plots and characters mirror those literary elements taught in print media. Garner comprehension is demandingly complex; transferring literary elements from the game storyline to their writing provides the comprehension carry-over for effective self-evaluation. They can ＂see＂ as a metaphor, those parallel concepts from screen to print, from playing strengths to reading and writing, for them, literary qualities become more transparent, and thus more accessible.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31072199)a program of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science,Japan
文摘Pod1 is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH) family of transcription factors that have been implicated in the regulation of sexual differentiation and gonadal development in mammals.However,to date,little is known about the role of Pod1 in nonmammalian vertebrate gonadogenesis.We cloned and characterized the Pod1 gene from tilapia.The tilapia Pod1 gene contains an open reading frame(ORF) of 525 nucleotides which potentially codes for a protein with 174 amino acids.Sequence alignment revealed that the deduced tilapia protein sequence shared high homology(79.5% to 90.5%) with the Pod1 sequences of other vertebrates.The tissue distribution of Pod1 revealed by RT-PCR showed that it had varied expression patterns in adult tilapia.In situ hybridization was performed to examine the temporal and spatial expression patterns of Pod1 during tilapia sexual differentiation and gonadal development.In the undifferentiated gonad,Pod1 was expressed in the somatic cells of both sexes.Subsequently,Pod1 expression in tilapia persisted in differentiated juvenile and adult ovary and testis.Our data indicate for the first time that Pod1 is not only necessary for the onset of sexual differentiation,but also plays an important role in gonadal development in the teleost.
