AIM： TO assess the efficacy of intramuscular diclofenac and fluid replacement for prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography （ERCP） pancreatitis.METHODS： A prospective, placebo-controlled st...AIM： TO assess the efficacy of intramuscular diclofenac and fluid replacement for prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography （ERCP） pancreatitis.METHODS： A prospective, placebo-controlled study was conducted in 80 patients who underwent ERCP. Patients were randomized to receive parenteral diclofenac at a loading dose of 75 mg followed by the infusion of 5-10 mL/kg per hour isotonic saline over 4 h after the procedure, or the infusion of 500 mL isotonic saline as placebo. Patients were evaluated clinically, and serum amylase levels were measured 4, 8 and 24 h after the procedure.RESULTS： The two groups were matched for age, sex, underlying disease, ERCP findings, and type of treatment. The overall incidence of pancreatitis was 7.5% in the diclofenac group and 17.5% in the placebo group （12.5% in total）. There were no significant differences in the incidence of pancreatitis and other variables between the two groups. In the subgroup analysis, the frequency of pancreatitis in the patients without sphincter of Oddi dysfunction （SOD） was significantly lower in the diclofenac group than in the control group （ρ = 0.047）.CONCLUSION： Intramuscular diclofenac and fluid replacement lowered the rate of pancreatitis in patients without SOD.展开更多
Most warranty cost models based on preventive maintenance operations are assumed that products improve at each preventive maintenance （PM） operation and the failure rate is reduced to the failure rate of new product...Most warranty cost models based on preventive maintenance operations are assumed that products improve at each preventive maintenance （PM） operation and the failure rate is reduced to the failure rate of new products or to some specified level. To make warranty cost models more suitable to real operations, a modeling method of the PM warranty cost was proposed with the situation where each PM operation slowed the rate of product degradation. A warranty cost model was built on PM operations. On the basis of the cost model, both without and with reliability limit PM warranty policy, algorithms were presented to derive the optimal PM number and the optimal PM interval with an objective of minimizing expected total warranty cost over a t＇mite warranty period. Finally, to demonstrate the feasibility of the presented modeling method, Weibuil distribution cases were tested by numerical simulations. The simulation results indicate that the proposed modeling method is feasible and valid for resolving the optimal solution of the product warranty cost.展开更多
According to data of agricultural disasters in Chuzhou City of Anhui Province during 1988-2012, types, characteristics and effects on agricultural produc- tion of major major meteorological disasters in the city were ...According to data of agricultural disasters in Chuzhou City of Anhui Province during 1988-2012, types, characteristics and effects on agricultural produc- tion of major major meteorological disasters in the city were analyzed, and then measures to prevent meteorological disasters adopted by meteorological departments of the city in recent years were discussed.展开更多
Formaldehyde donor preservatives are under debate because formaldehyde at high concentration is known to the public as a toxic substance to humans and the environment, inducing mutation in living organisms. Chemical m...Formaldehyde donor preservatives are under debate because formaldehyde at high concentration is known to the public as a toxic substance to humans and the environment, inducing mutation in living organisms. Chemical methods, such as using acetylacetone （Nash reagent）, are commonly used to determine total formaldehyde concentration in cosmetics. However, these methods will perturb the equilibrium between formaldehyde and formaldehyde donor. A new method, based on C-13 NMR, not perturbing the equilibrium and more suitable for formaldehyde measurement, is reviewed. This review describes the background, distinction, and applications of formaldehyde and formaldehyde donor in cosmetics.展开更多
Emulsion explosive with favorable water-resistance performance,storage performance and detonation stability has been widely used in all over the world.The development actuality and production technique characteristics...Emulsion explosive with favorable water-resistance performance,storage performance and detonation stability has been widely used in all over the world.The development actuality and production technique characteristics of emulsion explosive in China were introduced firstly.Taken the technique characteristics of packaging emulsion explosive into account,major hazard sources of emulsion explosive production line were analyzed.Finally,prevention measures based on inherent safety of emulsion explosive production were put forward.展开更多
Based on the special users of baby sunscreen cosmetics, the review shows how to choose forms, UV filters and how to match UV filters emphatically according to the characteristics of baby skin. Then the choosing of emo...Based on the special users of baby sunscreen cosmetics, the review shows how to choose forms, UV filters and how to match UV filters emphatically according to the characteristics of baby skin. Then the choosing of emollient, emulsifier, soothing, the design of water-resistance and the using of controversial ingredients were introduced. The review shows guidance for cosmetic formulator to design baby sunscreen cosmetics.展开更多
The study aims at finding alternative interventions for the prevention ofE. coli infection in piglets so as to boost farmers＇ benefits and improve environment in the area. Data were collected from one experimental gr...The study aims at finding alternative interventions for the prevention ofE. coli infection in piglets so as to boost farmers＇ benefits and improve environment in the area. Data were collected from one experimental group consisting of 210 small pig holder farms and one control group of 70 farms. All of 280 litters and sows were analyzed and the techniques of early vaccination at 60-80 d of pregnant （time 1） were applied and repeated after 10 d with E. coli vaccine to produce antibodies through milk. The percentage of piglets with diarrhea caused by E. coli significantly decreased from 75.7% to 18.9%. Injection of E. coli vaccine for the pregnant sows created antibodies for young piglets through colostrums. The treatment of E. coli cost 45,420 Vietnam Dong （VND） per litter in the experimental group and that was 156,000 VND/litter in the control group. Use of betel-bokashi （bio-product as plant antibiotics and Lactobacillus） to treat piglet diarrhea was proved safe and effective. Litter size and average weight at birth and weaning were improved significantly （P 〈 0.05）. The average weaned weight of piglets and sows were 11.2 kg and 118.6 kg in the experimental group, compared to 9.4 kg and 89.9 kg in the control group, respectively. Piglets in the experimental group had good health, no diarrhea and a shorter weaning time （2 d） and mating interval 2.22 days earlier than those in the control group. The average profit of 210 households was significantly higher in the experiment group： feed-cost was much lower than that in the control group. Small-holder farms implementing the experiments of applying the techniques received more financial profit, which was 1,502,000 VND per year per sow, while those who did not apply the techniques gained only 223,000 VND per year per sow.展开更多
This research aimed at the use of natural products to extend the shelf life of perishable vegetables. Studies were conducted on the preservative effects of four plant extracts--Xylopia aethiopica, Piper nigrum, Tetrap...This research aimed at the use of natural products to extend the shelf life of perishable vegetables. Studies were conducted on the preservative effects of four plant extracts--Xylopia aethiopica, Piper nigrum, Tetrapleura tetraptera and Carica papaya seeds on tomato and pepper. Tomato and pepper were dipped into four different concentrations of aqueous extracts of the four plants as well as water serving as control. The result of the study showed that aqueous extract of all plants extended the shelf life of tomato and pepper with increasing concentration of the extracts, except for Carica papaya seeds which produced significant elongation of 12.0 ±0.6 d and 14.0 ± 0.7 d on tomato and pepper, respectively, at the least concentration of 0.25 mg/mL. The results showed that these ethnomedicinal plants can serve as good and potent sources of natural preservatives which can be used to substitute existing synthetics used in the food industry.展开更多
文摘AIM： TO assess the efficacy of intramuscular diclofenac and fluid replacement for prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography （ERCP） pancreatitis.METHODS： A prospective, placebo-controlled study was conducted in 80 patients who underwent ERCP. Patients were randomized to receive parenteral diclofenac at a loading dose of 75 mg followed by the infusion of 5-10 mL/kg per hour isotonic saline over 4 h after the procedure, or the infusion of 500 mL isotonic saline as placebo. Patients were evaluated clinically, and serum amylase levels were measured 4, 8 and 24 h after the procedure.RESULTS： The two groups were matched for age, sex, underlying disease, ERCP findings, and type of treatment. The overall incidence of pancreatitis was 7.5% in the diclofenac group and 17.5% in the placebo group （12.5% in total）. There were no significant differences in the incidence of pancreatitis and other variables between the two groups. In the subgroup analysis, the frequency of pancreatitis in the patients without sphincter of Oddi dysfunction （SOD） was significantly lower in the diclofenac group than in the control group （ρ = 0.047）.CONCLUSION： Intramuscular diclofenac and fluid replacement lowered the rate of pancreatitis in patients without SOD.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60574054No.70771065No.70671065)
文摘Most warranty cost models based on preventive maintenance operations are assumed that products improve at each preventive maintenance （PM） operation and the failure rate is reduced to the failure rate of new products or to some specified level. To make warranty cost models more suitable to real operations, a modeling method of the PM warranty cost was proposed with the situation where each PM operation slowed the rate of product degradation. A warranty cost model was built on PM operations. On the basis of the cost model, both without and with reliability limit PM warranty policy, algorithms were presented to derive the optimal PM number and the optimal PM interval with an objective of minimizing expected total warranty cost over a t＇mite warranty period. Finally, to demonstrate the feasibility of the presented modeling method, Weibuil distribution cases were tested by numerical simulations. The simulation results indicate that the proposed modeling method is feasible and valid for resolving the optimal solution of the product warranty cost.
文摘According to data of agricultural disasters in Chuzhou City of Anhui Province during 1988-2012, types, characteristics and effects on agricultural produc- tion of major major meteorological disasters in the city were analyzed, and then measures to prevent meteorological disasters adopted by meteorological departments of the city in recent years were discussed.
文摘Formaldehyde donor preservatives are under debate because formaldehyde at high concentration is known to the public as a toxic substance to humans and the environment, inducing mutation in living organisms. Chemical methods, such as using acetylacetone （Nash reagent）, are commonly used to determine total formaldehyde concentration in cosmetics. However, these methods will perturb the equilibrium between formaldehyde and formaldehyde donor. A new method, based on C-13 NMR, not perturbing the equilibrium and more suitable for formaldehyde measurement, is reviewed. This review describes the background, distinction, and applications of formaldehyde and formaldehyde donor in cosmetics.
文摘Emulsion explosive with favorable water-resistance performance,storage performance and detonation stability has been widely used in all over the world.The development actuality and production technique characteristics of emulsion explosive in China were introduced firstly.Taken the technique characteristics of packaging emulsion explosive into account,major hazard sources of emulsion explosive production line were analyzed.Finally,prevention measures based on inherent safety of emulsion explosive production were put forward.
文摘Based on the special users of baby sunscreen cosmetics, the review shows how to choose forms, UV filters and how to match UV filters emphatically according to the characteristics of baby skin. Then the choosing of emollient, emulsifier, soothing, the design of water-resistance and the using of controversial ingredients were introduced. The review shows guidance for cosmetic formulator to design baby sunscreen cosmetics.
文摘The study aims at finding alternative interventions for the prevention ofE. coli infection in piglets so as to boost farmers＇ benefits and improve environment in the area. Data were collected from one experimental group consisting of 210 small pig holder farms and one control group of 70 farms. All of 280 litters and sows were analyzed and the techniques of early vaccination at 60-80 d of pregnant （time 1） were applied and repeated after 10 d with E. coli vaccine to produce antibodies through milk. The percentage of piglets with diarrhea caused by E. coli significantly decreased from 75.7% to 18.9%. Injection of E. coli vaccine for the pregnant sows created antibodies for young piglets through colostrums. The treatment of E. coli cost 45,420 Vietnam Dong （VND） per litter in the experimental group and that was 156,000 VND/litter in the control group. Use of betel-bokashi （bio-product as plant antibiotics and Lactobacillus） to treat piglet diarrhea was proved safe and effective. Litter size and average weight at birth and weaning were improved significantly （P 〈 0.05）. The average weaned weight of piglets and sows were 11.2 kg and 118.6 kg in the experimental group, compared to 9.4 kg and 89.9 kg in the control group, respectively. Piglets in the experimental group had good health, no diarrhea and a shorter weaning time （2 d） and mating interval 2.22 days earlier than those in the control group. The average profit of 210 households was significantly higher in the experiment group： feed-cost was much lower than that in the control group. Small-holder farms implementing the experiments of applying the techniques received more financial profit, which was 1,502,000 VND per year per sow, while those who did not apply the techniques gained only 223,000 VND per year per sow.
文摘This research aimed at the use of natural products to extend the shelf life of perishable vegetables. Studies were conducted on the preservative effects of four plant extracts--Xylopia aethiopica, Piper nigrum, Tetrapleura tetraptera and Carica papaya seeds on tomato and pepper. Tomato and pepper were dipped into four different concentrations of aqueous extracts of the four plants as well as water serving as control. The result of the study showed that aqueous extract of all plants extended the shelf life of tomato and pepper with increasing concentration of the extracts, except for Carica papaya seeds which produced significant elongation of 12.0 ±0.6 d and 14.0 ± 0.7 d on tomato and pepper, respectively, at the least concentration of 0.25 mg/mL. The results showed that these ethnomedicinal plants can serve as good and potent sources of natural preservatives which can be used to substitute existing synthetics used in the food industry.
