The infaunal polychaete Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube,distributed widely along Asian coasts and estuaries,is considered a useful animal model in ecotoxicological tests and a promising candidate in biomonitoring progra...The infaunal polychaete Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube,distributed widely along Asian coasts and estuaries,is considered a useful animal model in ecotoxicological tests and a promising candidate in biomonitoring programs.This paper deals with the activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),and glutathione peroxidases(GSH-Px) in infaunal polychaete P.aibuhitensis exposed to a series of sublethal water-bound cadmium(Cd) concentrations(0,0.34,1.72,3.44,6.89,and 17.22 mg L-1) under a short-term exposure(1-8 d).The results indicate that the SOD and GSH-Px activities in P.aibuhitensis are stimulated first and then renewed to the original level.The CAT activity of worms decreases at an earlier exposure time but increases to the control values at a later exposure time.Our study suggests that Cd can interfere with the antioxidant defense system of P.aibuhitensis.However,the changes in antioxidant enzyme activities for this species do not show the best promise as biomarkers in Cd biomonitoring of estuarine and coastal zones because weak or non-dose-effect relationships between the antioxidant enzymes activities and Cd levels are found.展开更多
Macroalgae in a littoral zone are inevitably exposed to UV-B irradiance. We analyzed the effects of UV-B on isoenzyme patterns and activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POX）, catalase （CAT）, and ...Macroalgae in a littoral zone are inevitably exposed to UV-B irradiance. We analyzed the effects of UV-B on isoenzyme patterns and activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POX）, catalase （CAT）, and ascorbate peroxidase （APX） of red algae Grateloupia filicina （Lamour.） C. Agardh. The activities of SOD, CAT, and APX changed in response to UV-B in a time- and dose-dependent manner. POX activity increased significantly under all three UV-B treatments. The enzymatic assay showed three distinct bands of SODI （Mn-SOD）, SODII （Fe-SOD）, and SODIII （CuZn-SOD） under a low （Luv） and medium （Muv） dose of UV-B irradiation, while SODI and SODIII activities decreased significantly when exposed to a high dose of UV-B irradiation （Huv）. The activity of POX isoenzymes increased significantly after exposure to UV-B, which is consistent with the total activity. In addition, a clear decrease in activity of CATIV was detected in response to all the three doses of UV treatments. Some bands ofAPX isoenzyme were also clearly influenced by UV-B irradiation. Correspondingly, the daily growth rate declined under all the three exposure doses, and was especially significant under Muv and Huv treatments. These data suggest that, although the protection mechanisms of antioxidant defense system are partly inducible by UV-B to prevent the damage, G.filicina has incomplete tolerance to higher UV-B irradiation stress.展开更多
The response of enzyme and non-enzymatic antioxidants of Mn hyperaccumuator, Polygonum hydropiper （P. hydropiper）, to Mn stress was studied using hydroponics culture experiments to explore the mechanism of Mn tolera...The response of enzyme and non-enzymatic antioxidants of Mn hyperaccumuator, Polygonum hydropiper （P. hydropiper）, to Mn stress was studied using hydroponics culture experiments to explore the mechanism of Mn tolerance in this species. Results showed that both chlorophyll and carotenoid contents significantly （p〈0.05） decreased with increasing Mn treatment levels （0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 mg/L） in hydroponics. The concentrations of malondialdehyde （MDA） and hydrogen peroxide （H202） in the root and shoot of P hydropiper were accumulated under Mn stress. Meanwhile, the anti-oxidative functions of several important enzymes, including superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, ascorbate peroxidase （APX） and peroxidase （POD） in plants were stimulated by Mn spike in leaves and roots, especially at low Mn stress; while sulfhydryl group （--SH） and glutathion （GSH） were likely involved in Mn detoxification ofP. hydropiper under high Mn stress.展开更多
The aim of this work is to identify the effect of lead on germinal parameters and the antioxidant enzyme activities （lipase, peroxidase and catalase） in durum wheat Triticum durum Desf. cv （waha, vitron and gta） e...The aim of this work is to identify the effect of lead on germinal parameters and the antioxidant enzyme activities （lipase, peroxidase and catalase） in durum wheat Triticum durum Desf. cv （waha, vitron and gta） exposed to the concentrations of 0, 0.15, 0.25 and 0.3 g/L of Pb （NO3）2 during germination process. The obtained results showed that lead reduced the germination, root and aerial biomass. The concentration of 0.3 g/L inhibited completely the germination of the three varieties. It also slowed lipase activity, the degradation of lipids of the seed＇s reserves and disrupted the metabolism of peroxidase and catalase. Concerning the behavior of the three varieties studied, it appears that the Vitron is the best predisposed variety to stand against lead stress by its strong antioxidant defense system.展开更多
The present investigation was carried out to investigate the effect of heat stress and revival on some antioxidative enzymes and metabolites in leaves of the wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） seedlings of heat susceptib...The present investigation was carried out to investigate the effect of heat stress and revival on some antioxidative enzymes and metabolites in leaves of the wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） seedlings of heat susceptible （cv. WH 147 and HS 277） and heat tolerant （cv. WH 1021 and HW 2045） cultivars. Seven days old seedlings grown at 25 ℃ were exposed to 40 ℃ for 6 h and these seedlings were again brought to 25 ℃. The observations were recorded in the leaves of control, stressed and revived seedlings on 2nd and 4th day of revival. For the selection ofthermo-tolerant cultivars, screening of the thirty-six cultivars was done based on wilting of primary leaf and values of chlorophyll fluorescence. The MDA （malondialdehyde） and H2O2 concentration in leaves of wheat seedlings increased at the high temperature. There was enhancement in the activities of antioxidative enzymes, viz. CAT （catalase）, POX （peroxidase）, GR （glutathione reductase） and APX （ascorbate peroxidase） in leaves of the tolerant and susceptible cultivars under heat stress, however, higher percent increase was observed in tolerant cultivars. Heat stress increased the SOD （superoxide dismutase） activity in tolerant cultivars but activity declined in susceptible cultivars. On revival, the activities of the CAT, POX and GR declined in comparison to stressed seedlings but remained higher as compared to control. Ascorbate peroxidase activity remained higher on 2nd day and 4th day of revival in all the cultivars.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:Moxibustion has long been thought to promote vital energy or immunity through clinical experience.This study aimed to investigate the clinical effects of indirect moxibustion on antioxidant and immunomodulat...OBJECTIVE:Moxibustion has long been thought to promote vital energy or immunity through clinical experience.This study aimed to investigate the clinical effects of indirect moxibustion on antioxidant and immunomodulation in a normal population.METHODS:Twenty-five healthy volunteers with no objective or subjective disorders were recruited.The participants were treated with indirect moxibustion on acupoints Guanyuan(CV 4) and Shenque(CV 8) three times per week for 4 weeks.The serum levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS) and malondialdehyde(MDA),the total antioxidant capacity(TAC),the activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase(SOD),and the total glutathione content were determined before and after the 12th moxibustion.Lymphocyte subpopulations and 42 cytokines in the peripheral blood were analyzed using flow cytometry and antibody array,respectively.RESULTS:Compared with the initial time point,the serum levels of ROS and MDA were significantly lowered by moxibustion,while TAC was increased(P<0.01 for all).A significant increase was observed in catalase activity(P<0.05),but not in SOD or total glutathione.There were no significant changes in lymphocyte subpopulations or cytokines in the peripheral blood.Fifteen of 25 participants reported at least one symptom in which they felt subjective improvement after moxibustion.CONCLUSION:Indirect moxibustion on acupoints CV 4 and CV 8 improved the antioxidant defense system,which may be a mechanism explaining the clinical effects of moxibustion.展开更多
基金Supported by the High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863Program.No.2006AA10Z410)the National Marine Public Welfare Research Project(No.200805069)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.30571419,30901107)
文摘The infaunal polychaete Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube,distributed widely along Asian coasts and estuaries,is considered a useful animal model in ecotoxicological tests and a promising candidate in biomonitoring programs.This paper deals with the activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),and glutathione peroxidases(GSH-Px) in infaunal polychaete P.aibuhitensis exposed to a series of sublethal water-bound cadmium(Cd) concentrations(0,0.34,1.72,3.44,6.89,and 17.22 mg L-1) under a short-term exposure(1-8 d).The results indicate that the SOD and GSH-Px activities in P.aibuhitensis are stimulated first and then renewed to the original level.The CAT activity of worms decreases at an earlier exposure time but increases to the control values at a later exposure time.Our study suggests that Cd can interfere with the antioxidant defense system of P.aibuhitensis.However,the changes in antioxidant enzyme activities for this species do not show the best promise as biomarkers in Cd biomonitoring of estuarine and coastal zones because weak or non-dose-effect relationships between the antioxidant enzymes activities and Cd levels are found.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31300326)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Nos.ZR2010DQ007,ZR2011CM006)
文摘Macroalgae in a littoral zone are inevitably exposed to UV-B irradiance. We analyzed the effects of UV-B on isoenzyme patterns and activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POX）, catalase （CAT）, and ascorbate peroxidase （APX） of red algae Grateloupia filicina （Lamour.） C. Agardh. The activities of SOD, CAT, and APX changed in response to UV-B in a time- and dose-dependent manner. POX activity increased significantly under all three UV-B treatments. The enzymatic assay showed three distinct bands of SODI （Mn-SOD）, SODII （Fe-SOD）, and SODIII （CuZn-SOD） under a low （Luv） and medium （Muv） dose of UV-B irradiation, while SODI and SODIII activities decreased significantly when exposed to a high dose of UV-B irradiation （Huv）. The activity of POX isoenzymes increased significantly after exposure to UV-B, which is consistent with the total activity. In addition, a clear decrease in activity of CATIV was detected in response to all the three doses of UV treatments. Some bands ofAPX isoenzyme were also clearly influenced by UV-B irradiation. Correspondingly, the daily growth rate declined under all the three exposure doses, and was especially significant under Muv and Huv treatments. These data suggest that, although the protection mechanisms of antioxidant defense system are partly inducible by UV-B to prevent the damage, G.filicina has incomplete tolerance to higher UV-B irradiation stress.
基金Project(41161057)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(Guikezhuan 14122008-2)supported by Guangxi Provincial Science and Technology Development,China+2 种基金Project(2014GXNSFAA118303)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province,ChinaProjects(YRHJ15K002,YRHJ15Z026)supported by Key Laboratory of Karst Ecology and Environment Change of Guangxi Normal University,ChinaProject(2016JJ6135)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China
文摘The response of enzyme and non-enzymatic antioxidants of Mn hyperaccumuator, Polygonum hydropiper （P. hydropiper）, to Mn stress was studied using hydroponics culture experiments to explore the mechanism of Mn tolerance in this species. Results showed that both chlorophyll and carotenoid contents significantly （p〈0.05） decreased with increasing Mn treatment levels （0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 mg/L） in hydroponics. The concentrations of malondialdehyde （MDA） and hydrogen peroxide （H202） in the root and shoot of P hydropiper were accumulated under Mn stress. Meanwhile, the anti-oxidative functions of several important enzymes, including superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, ascorbate peroxidase （APX） and peroxidase （POD） in plants were stimulated by Mn spike in leaves and roots, especially at low Mn stress; while sulfhydryl group （--SH） and glutathion （GSH） were likely involved in Mn detoxification ofP. hydropiper under high Mn stress.
文摘The aim of this work is to identify the effect of lead on germinal parameters and the antioxidant enzyme activities （lipase, peroxidase and catalase） in durum wheat Triticum durum Desf. cv （waha, vitron and gta） exposed to the concentrations of 0, 0.15, 0.25 and 0.3 g/L of Pb （NO3）2 during germination process. The obtained results showed that lead reduced the germination, root and aerial biomass. The concentration of 0.3 g/L inhibited completely the germination of the three varieties. It also slowed lipase activity, the degradation of lipids of the seed＇s reserves and disrupted the metabolism of peroxidase and catalase. Concerning the behavior of the three varieties studied, it appears that the Vitron is the best predisposed variety to stand against lead stress by its strong antioxidant defense system.
文摘The present investigation was carried out to investigate the effect of heat stress and revival on some antioxidative enzymes and metabolites in leaves of the wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） seedlings of heat susceptible （cv. WH 147 and HS 277） and heat tolerant （cv. WH 1021 and HW 2045） cultivars. Seven days old seedlings grown at 25 ℃ were exposed to 40 ℃ for 6 h and these seedlings were again brought to 25 ℃. The observations were recorded in the leaves of control, stressed and revived seedlings on 2nd and 4th day of revival. For the selection ofthermo-tolerant cultivars, screening of the thirty-six cultivars was done based on wilting of primary leaf and values of chlorophyll fluorescence. The MDA （malondialdehyde） and H2O2 concentration in leaves of wheat seedlings increased at the high temperature. There was enhancement in the activities of antioxidative enzymes, viz. CAT （catalase）, POX （peroxidase）, GR （glutathione reductase） and APX （ascorbate peroxidase） in leaves of the tolerant and susceptible cultivars under heat stress, however, higher percent increase was observed in tolerant cultivars. Heat stress increased the SOD （superoxide dismutase） activity in tolerant cultivars but activity declined in susceptible cultivars. On revival, the activities of the CAT, POX and GR declined in comparison to stressed seedlings but remained higher as compared to control. Ascorbate peroxidase activity remained higher on 2nd day and 4th day of revival in all the cultivars.
文摘OBJECTIVE:Moxibustion has long been thought to promote vital energy or immunity through clinical experience.This study aimed to investigate the clinical effects of indirect moxibustion on antioxidant and immunomodulation in a normal population.METHODS:Twenty-five healthy volunteers with no objective or subjective disorders were recruited.The participants were treated with indirect moxibustion on acupoints Guanyuan(CV 4) and Shenque(CV 8) three times per week for 4 weeks.The serum levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS) and malondialdehyde(MDA),the total antioxidant capacity(TAC),the activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase(SOD),and the total glutathione content were determined before and after the 12th moxibustion.Lymphocyte subpopulations and 42 cytokines in the peripheral blood were analyzed using flow cytometry and antibody array,respectively.RESULTS:Compared with the initial time point,the serum levels of ROS and MDA were significantly lowered by moxibustion,while TAC was increased(P<0.01 for all).A significant increase was observed in catalase activity(P<0.05),but not in SOD or total glutathione.There were no significant changes in lymphocyte subpopulations or cytokines in the peripheral blood.Fifteen of 25 participants reported at least one symptom in which they felt subjective improvement after moxibustion.CONCLUSION:Indirect moxibustion on acupoints CV 4 and CV 8 improved the antioxidant defense system,which may be a mechanism explaining the clinical effects of moxibustion.
