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极端干热气候乡土建筑防热模型构建和遮阳设计优化 被引量:1
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作者 叶金鑫 何文芳 刘加平 《工业建筑》 北大核心 2023年第7期7-15,31,共10页
我国干热气候主要分布在新疆南部,甘肃、青海和内蒙古西北部等边疆地带,在建筑热工设计分区中被划分为严寒、寒冷地区,城镇建筑节能主要强调冬季保温,亟须夏季防热设计指导。不同的是,当地乡土建筑采用遮阳策略综合调节室内外热环境,形... 我国干热气候主要分布在新疆南部,甘肃、青海和内蒙古西北部等边疆地带,在建筑热工设计分区中被划分为严寒、寒冷地区,城镇建筑节能主要强调冬季保温,亟须夏季防热设计指导。不同的是,当地乡土建筑采用遮阳策略综合调节室内外热环境,形成独特的建筑防热模式,亟待继承与发扬。为此以极端干热气候为例,首先,通过乡土建筑现状调查,归纳了街巷、庭院,以及建筑屋顶、墙体、窗口等遮阳对象,总结了葡萄晾房、阿以旺、高架棚、棚盖、檐廊、葡萄藤架、透空墙、花格窗等遮阳方式;其次,通过现场测试与数值模拟相结合的方法,采用EnergyPlus软件,建立典型乡土建筑防热模型并验证其有效性;再次,在此基础上运用正交试验法,以建筑室内外环境全年综合热舒适百分比为评价指标,提出四类遮阳对象的防热节能作用由大至小的排序:庭院遮阳、屋顶遮阳、墙体遮阳、窗口遮阳,给出其遮阳面积水平的最佳组合,即屋顶遮阳100%、墙体遮阳100%、窗口遮阳25%、地面遮阳100%;最后,结合现有可行的遮阳方式,建议重点选用屋顶葡萄晾房、高棚架两类综合遮阳方式,形成屋顶、庭院、墙体、窗口的全面遮阳,在条件允许的情况下,考虑到不同季节遮阳需求的差异,高架棚宜采用轻质构造或葡萄藤种植方式,便于在冬季拆除。 展开更多
关键词 乡土建筑 防热模型 遮阳 吐鲁番 气候
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An Improved Heat Transfer Model for Flame Resistant Fabric Used in Thermal Protective Clothing
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作者 朱方龙 张渭源 孙晓锋 《Journal of Donghua University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2008年第6期664-669,共6页
An improved numerical heat transfer model considering pyrolysis effect is proposed to predict thermal performance of heat-resistant fabric subjected to radiant heat flux. The model incorporates the heat-induced change... An improved numerical heat transfer model considering pyrolysis effect is proposed to predict thermal performance of heat-resistant fabric subjected to radiant heat flux. The model incorporates the heat-induced changes in fabric thermophysical properties. The new model has been validated with data from modified Radiant Protective Performance (RPP) tests of flame-resistant cotton fabrics. Comparison with experimental data shows that the predictions of mass loss rates and temperature profiles within the charring material and skin simulant are in reasonably good agreement with the experiments. Results from the numerical model contribute to a better understanding of the heat transfer process within flame-resistant fabrics under high heat flux conditions, and also to establish a systematic method for analyzing heat transfer in other fibrous materials applications. 展开更多
关键词 heat transfer model flame resistant fabric PYROLYSIS
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Modeling Thermal Protective Performance of Multilayer Fabrics for Firefighters
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作者 崔志英 杨海燕 《Journal of Donghua University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2011年第3期271-274,共4页
This paper is to report a prediction model for thermal protective performance of multilayer fabrics based on Matlab neural network toolbox. Then a back propagation (BP) neural network model is developed to predict the... This paper is to report a prediction model for thermal protective performance of multilayer fabrics based on Matlab neural network toolbox. Then a back propagation (BP) neural network model is developed to predict thermal protective performance of multilayer fabrics for firefighters. The network consists of twelve input nodes, six hidden nodes, and one output node. The inputs are weight, thickness, density of warp and weft, limited oxygen index (LOI), and heat conductivity of each-layer fabric. Thermal protective performance (TPP) rating of multilayer fabrics is the output. In this paper, the data from the experiments are used as learning information for the neural network to develop a reliable prediction model. Finnally the model performance is verified, and the proposed model can be applied to predict the thermal protective performance of multilayer fabrics for firefighters. 展开更多
关键词 firefighter clothing prediction model thermal protective performance(TPP) multilayer fabric BP neural network
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