黄河流域是我国重要的生态屏障和经济区,防风固沙服务及其驱动机制的研究对于筑牢黄河流域生态安全屏障具有重要意义。基于修正土壤风蚀模型(RWEQ)定量评估黄河流域2000—2018年防风固沙服务时空变化,采用相关分析和地理加权回归模型(G...黄河流域是我国重要的生态屏障和经济区,防风固沙服务及其驱动机制的研究对于筑牢黄河流域生态安全屏障具有重要意义。基于修正土壤风蚀模型(RWEQ)定量评估黄河流域2000—2018年防风固沙服务时空变化,采用相关分析和地理加权回归模型(GWR)从社会、气候、土壤、植被、地形等角度探究各驱动因素对黄河流域防风固沙服务影响的空间异质性。结果表明:(1)2000—2018年黄河流域土壤风蚀模数与单位面积防风固沙量分别以0.04 t hm^(-2)a^(-1)和0.14 t hm^(-2)a^(-1)的速率下降,而防风固沙保有率和植被覆盖度则分别以0.05%·a^(-1)和0.26%·a^(-1)的速率上升。(2)黄河流域土壤风蚀以微度(<2 t hm^(-2)a^(-1))和轻度(2—25 t hm^(-2)a^(-1))为主,共占研究区面积的96.28%。土壤风蚀在空间分布呈现西北高东南低的特点,而防风固沙服务高值则主要分布于西北部和下游流域。(3)各驱动因素对黄河流域防风固沙服务的影响具有明显的空间异质性,其中降水、温度、实际蒸散量、土壤黏粒含量、土壤有机质含量和坡度以负面抑制作用为主,而风速、气压、归一化植被指数和土壤粗砂含量则主要呈现正向促进作用。本研究结果可为黄河流域荒漠化防治和生态保护修复提供一定参考和依据。展开更多
气候变化和土地利用是影响生态系统服务的两类主要因素,然而其具体影响却很难量化区分。本研究基于生态系统服务与权衡综合评估模型(Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Service and Trade-offs,InVEST)及修正土壤风蚀方程模型(Revised ...气候变化和土地利用是影响生态系统服务的两类主要因素,然而其具体影响却很难量化区分。本研究基于生态系统服务与权衡综合评估模型(Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Service and Trade-offs,InVEST)及修正土壤风蚀方程模型(Revised Wind Erosion Equstion,RWEQ),对青藏高原1990—2020年6个时期的水土保持服务和防风固沙服务进行情景分析,量化区分土地利用和气候变化对两项服务的影响。结果表明:气候变化主导了青藏高原大部分区域的水土保持和防风固沙服务(贡献度>70%),年降水量和年均气温是引起水土保持服务变化的主要影响因素,年均风速则是影响防风固沙服务的主要因素。然而,1990—2000年西北部是土地利用类型转化明显的区域,生态保护政策成功实施导致土地利用成为水土保持和防风固沙服务增加的主导因素;2000—2010年,青藏高原东北部农田向城镇用地转变主导了防风固沙服务的增加,西北部草地向未利用土地转变主导了水土保持服务和防风固沙服务的减少;2010—2020年,在西北部草地转变为未利用土地的地区以及东南部林地转变为草地的地区,土地利用主导了水土保持和防风固沙服务的减少。本研究有助于深入理解人类活动和气候变化对生态系统服务的影响,对青藏高原的土地利用政策制定及生态修复决策具有重要意义。展开更多
Inner Mongolia is the important ecological barrier zone in northern China,which plays an important role in the prevention and control of wind in the regional ecosystem.Based on the Revised Wind Erosion Equation(RWEQ)m...Inner Mongolia is the important ecological barrier zone in northern China,which plays an important role in the prevention and control of wind in the regional ecosystem.Based on the Revised Wind Erosion Equation(RWEQ)model and the cost-recovery method,this study simulated the wind erosion prevention service(WEPS)in Inner Mongolia in 2010 and 2015,investigated the spatial pattern of material and monetary value of WEPS,and analyzed the differences among various cities and various ecosystems.The results indicated that the total WEPS of Inner Mongolia was estimated to be 73.87×10^(8) t in 2015,which was 4.61×10^(8) t less than in 2010,while the monetary value of WEPS was calculated to be 738.66×10^(8) yuan in 2015,which was 46.16×10^(8) yuan less than in 2010.Among all the leagues and cities,Xilin Gol League supported the highest WEPS,reaching 18.65×10^(8) t in 2015,while Wuhai provided the lowest.The WEPS of Hulunbeier increased the most,by 4.37×10^(8) t from 2010 to 2015.The WEPS in the grassland ecosystem was the highest among the different ecosystems,accounting for more than55%of the total WEPS in Inner Mongolia,but it was reduced by 1.05×10^(8) t during the same period.The WEPS in the forest ecosystem increased the most,reaching 0.19×10^(8) t.This study found that the implementation of projects such as returning farmland to forests and grasses and sand control effectively increased the WEPS by increasing the forest area.However,unsuitable land use increased the desertification of ecosystems which resulted in a reduction of WEPS in Inner Mongolia.展开更多
文摘黄河流域是我国重要的生态屏障和经济区,防风固沙服务及其驱动机制的研究对于筑牢黄河流域生态安全屏障具有重要意义。基于修正土壤风蚀模型(RWEQ)定量评估黄河流域2000—2018年防风固沙服务时空变化,采用相关分析和地理加权回归模型(GWR)从社会、气候、土壤、植被、地形等角度探究各驱动因素对黄河流域防风固沙服务影响的空间异质性。结果表明:(1)2000—2018年黄河流域土壤风蚀模数与单位面积防风固沙量分别以0.04 t hm^(-2)a^(-1)和0.14 t hm^(-2)a^(-1)的速率下降,而防风固沙保有率和植被覆盖度则分别以0.05%·a^(-1)和0.26%·a^(-1)的速率上升。(2)黄河流域土壤风蚀以微度(<2 t hm^(-2)a^(-1))和轻度(2—25 t hm^(-2)a^(-1))为主,共占研究区面积的96.28%。土壤风蚀在空间分布呈现西北高东南低的特点,而防风固沙服务高值则主要分布于西北部和下游流域。(3)各驱动因素对黄河流域防风固沙服务的影响具有明显的空间异质性,其中降水、温度、实际蒸散量、土壤黏粒含量、土壤有机质含量和坡度以负面抑制作用为主,而风速、气压、归一化植被指数和土壤粗砂含量则主要呈现正向促进作用。本研究结果可为黄河流域荒漠化防治和生态保护修复提供一定参考和依据。
文摘气候变化和土地利用是影响生态系统服务的两类主要因素,然而其具体影响却很难量化区分。本研究基于生态系统服务与权衡综合评估模型(Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Service and Trade-offs,InVEST)及修正土壤风蚀方程模型(Revised Wind Erosion Equstion,RWEQ),对青藏高原1990—2020年6个时期的水土保持服务和防风固沙服务进行情景分析,量化区分土地利用和气候变化对两项服务的影响。结果表明:气候变化主导了青藏高原大部分区域的水土保持和防风固沙服务(贡献度>70%),年降水量和年均气温是引起水土保持服务变化的主要影响因素,年均风速则是影响防风固沙服务的主要因素。然而,1990—2000年西北部是土地利用类型转化明显的区域,生态保护政策成功实施导致土地利用成为水土保持和防风固沙服务增加的主导因素;2000—2010年,青藏高原东北部农田向城镇用地转变主导了防风固沙服务的增加,西北部草地向未利用土地转变主导了水土保持服务和防风固沙服务的减少;2010—2020年,在西北部草地转变为未利用土地的地区以及东南部林地转变为草地的地区,土地利用主导了水土保持和防风固沙服务的减少。本研究有助于深入理解人类活动和气候变化对生态系统服务的影响,对青藏高原的土地利用政策制定及生态修复决策具有重要意义。
基金The Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA20020402)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(41971272)。
文摘Inner Mongolia is the important ecological barrier zone in northern China,which plays an important role in the prevention and control of wind in the regional ecosystem.Based on the Revised Wind Erosion Equation(RWEQ)model and the cost-recovery method,this study simulated the wind erosion prevention service(WEPS)in Inner Mongolia in 2010 and 2015,investigated the spatial pattern of material and monetary value of WEPS,and analyzed the differences among various cities and various ecosystems.The results indicated that the total WEPS of Inner Mongolia was estimated to be 73.87×10^(8) t in 2015,which was 4.61×10^(8) t less than in 2010,while the monetary value of WEPS was calculated to be 738.66×10^(8) yuan in 2015,which was 46.16×10^(8) yuan less than in 2010.Among all the leagues and cities,Xilin Gol League supported the highest WEPS,reaching 18.65×10^(8) t in 2015,while Wuhai provided the lowest.The WEPS of Hulunbeier increased the most,by 4.37×10^(8) t from 2010 to 2015.The WEPS in the grassland ecosystem was the highest among the different ecosystems,accounting for more than55%of the total WEPS in Inner Mongolia,but it was reduced by 1.05×10^(8) t during the same period.The WEPS in the forest ecosystem increased the most,reaching 0.19×10^(8) t.This study found that the implementation of projects such as returning farmland to forests and grasses and sand control effectively increased the WEPS by increasing the forest area.However,unsuitable land use increased the desertification of ecosystems which resulted in a reduction of WEPS in Inner Mongolia.
