《蜜蜂饲养原理与方法》的问与答(7)

尊敬的龚、宁二位老师:见信好!2014年4月12日于浦江培训会后一别,也不知龚老师何时回的四川,最近可好?宁老师的身体完全恢复了吗?自从2009年11月8日在浙江首次见到你们以来,尽管前后已见面3次了,但每次留下的印象都是那样的深刻难忘!例如,2009年11月8日,你们在浙江省东阳义讲时,我闻讯从浦江县赶到授课地点——东阳广场,首先看到宁老师的脚上着夹板。

一种题型 两种解法

例题某有机物4．6 g在氧气中完全燃烧,生成5．4 g水和8．8 g二氧化碳．若该有机物的相对分子质量为46,求该物质的化学式．分析根据化学反应前后元素种类不变,可以推知该有机物中一定含碳、氢两种元素．而是否含有氧元素以及化学式中各原子的个数均无法推知,因而必须通过题中数据计算求出该有机物的化学式．解法一:设该有机物的化学式为CxHyOz,

Review on the conceits used in ＂The Sun Rising＂

＂The Sun Rising＂ is one of the most outstanding metaphysical poems of John Donne. After a general introduction about the metaphysical poetry and the author, this paper mainly aims to analyze the arresting and original conceits and images used in ＂The Sun Rising＂ and comment on their effect on expressing the author＇s feeling and reflecting his emotions.

Adakitic rocks associated with the Shilu copper–molybdenum deposit in the Yangchun Basin,South China,and their tectonic implications

South China is famous for the extensive magmatism and polymetallic mineralization that took place there in the Mesozoic. Shilu is a large porphyry–skarn Cu–Mo deposit in the Yangchun Basin, South China. The lithology of the Shilu intrusion is granodiorite and quartz diorite, both of which are high-K calc-alkaline series, with high Sr([400 ppm) content along with low Y and Yb contents. Most of the samples have characteristics of adakite except for a few samples that have slightly higher Y and Yb contents, which may be plausibly explained by crustal contamination. Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry zircon U–Pb dating revealed ages between 106.6 ± 1.3 and 103.9 ± 0.5 Ma, with multiple magmatic pulses. Molybdenite Re–Os isochron age of 102.2 ± 2.9 Ma(MSWD = 9.4) was determined, which is identical to the youngest zircon U–Pb age(103.9 ± 0.5 Ma) within error.The Shilu intrusion has high oxygen fugacity as indicated by high zircon Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+) and Eu_N/Eu_N* ratios. Considering the geochemical characteristics(high Sr, and low Y and Yb contents), high oxygen fugacity, and copper mineralization of the Shilu intrusion, it was most likely formed by partial melting of a subducted young oceanic slab. Whole-rock Sr–Nd isotope-, zircon Hf isotope-, and whole-rock trace element analyses show that Shilu adakitic magmas may have interacted with type II enriched mantle and/or crustal materials during ascent. South China was affected by the Pacific tectonic regime to the east and the Neo-Tethys tectonic regime to the south in the Cretaceous. Based on the Pacific Plate drifting and rotation history, it is hard to explain how the Pacific Plate would have subducted and melted, forming adakitic rocks in the Shilu region. Considering the tectonic history of Southeast Asia and the South China Sea, the Neo-Tethys trench should have been much closer to the South China Block in the Cretaceous, and thus have had a greater impact on the South China Block. Based on the subduction direction, time of subduction,and distance between the Neo-Tethys subduction zone and the Shilu deposit, subduction of the Neo-Tethys ridge is the best mechanism for explaining the Shilu adakitic rocks and Cu–Mo mineralization.

Clinical significance of"anti-HBc alone"in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients

AIM： TO determine the prevalence and clinical relevance of isolated antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen as the only marker of infection （“anti-HBc alone”） among human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） type-1 infected patients. Occult hepatitis B infection frequency was also evaluated. METHODS： Three hundred and forty eight histories from 2388 HIV-positive patients were randomly reviewed. Patients with serological markers of hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection were classified into three groups： past hepatitis, ＂anti-HBc alone＂ and chronic hepatitis. Determination of DNA from HBV, and RNA and genotype from hepatitis C virus （HCV） were performed on ＂anti-HBc alone＂ patients. RESULTS： One hundred and eighty seven （53.7%） HIV-positive patients had markers of HBV infection： 118 past infection （63.1%）, 14 chronic hepatitis （7.5%） and 55 ＂anti-HBc alone＂ （29.4%）. Younger age [2.3-fold higher per every 10 years younger; 95% confidence intervals （Cl） 1.33-4.00] and antibodies to HCV infection [odds ratio （OR） 2.87; 95% CI 1.10-7.48] were factors independently associated with the ＂anti-HBc alone＂ pattern. No differences in liver disease frequency were detected between both groups. Serum levels of anti-HBs were not associated with HCV infection （nor viral replication or HCV genotype）, or with HIV replication or CD4 level. No ＂anti-HBc alone＂ patient tested positive for HBV DNA. CONCLUSION： ＂Anti-HBc alone＂ prevalence in HIM- positive patients was similar to previously reported data and was associated with a younger age and with antibodies to HCV infection. In clinical practice, HBV DNA determination should be performed only in those patients with clinical or analytical signs of liver injury,

Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region in MIB-1 positive cells in non-small cell lung cancer: clinicopathological significance and survival

Objective： To evaluate the relation between argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region （AgNOR）-associated proteins and clinicopathological parameters and survival in non-small-cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. Methods： A total of 207 surgical specimens diagnosed as NSCLC were included in this study. Double-staining procedures were performed using antigen Ki-67 （clone MIB-1） and silver nitrate by immunohistochemical and AgNOR-staining methods. Results： The AgNOR area in MIB-l-positive cells of NSCLC is related to clinicopathological parameters under the TNM （tumor, node, and metastasis） system. The survival of patients with small AgNOR area in MIB-1-positive cells is better than that of patients with large AgNOR area. Molecular, biological （AgNOR area in MIB-l-positive cells）, and clinicopathological （greatest tumor dimension, metastases to regional lymph nodes, histology, and differentiation） parameters are independent prognostic factors of NSCLC.Conclusion： The AgNOR area in MIB- 1-positive cells is related to clinicopathological parameters and survival in NSCLC.

The Symbols of the Fire in Georgian Folklore in Comparison With Global Experience

Fire is the world meaning symbol of wisdom, purification. Elements of place symbolism associated with fire are day time and specifically noon when the sun＇s light and heat is the greatest. The association with the sun makes fire an above space phenomena rather than a below or within space phenomena. The fireplaces have the same meaning for the houses like the sun for the earth. This paper is divided in several topics to show how the fire changes its meaning and how do peoples attitude to fire can be changed. Fire can represents in wedding ceremony, fire out of control makes chaos, destroying around everything from which arise the new life, and fire make the soul to be free from the sin. Fire, the eternal flame is the symbol of strong emotional feelings. The purpose of the paper is to give the interesting examples of fire symbols in Georgian folklore and make some similarities with world experiences. Georgian people as a part of ancient world make their own culture and in order to integrate Georgian materials in world cultural fund paper aims to make comparative work to achieve the main goal.

Expression of MEK1 in the colorectal cancer and its clinical implication

Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between expression of MEK1 protein in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and liver as well as lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer patients.Methods:Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression of MEK1 protein in primary cancer,normal colonic mucosa,lymph nodes and liver metastatic foci from 86 colorectal cancer patients.Life table analysis was employed to evaluate the association between MEK1 expression and patients' survival.Results:The positive rate of MEK1 expression in the primary cancer,normal colonic mucosa,metastatic lymph nodes and liver metastatic foci was 52.3%,32.6%,71.4% and 78.3%,respectively.The positive rate of MEK1 expression in the primary cancer,metastatic lymph nodes and liver metastatic foci was significantly higher than that in the normal colonic mucosa (P < 0.01).Furthermore,the positive rate of MEK1 expression in stage III and IV colorectal cancer patients was dramatically higher than that in stage I and II colorectal cancer patients (P < 0.01).The positive rate of MEK1 expression in patients with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than patients with well or moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (P < 0.01).The 3-year disease-free survival rate was 41.3% in MEK1 positive patients and 73.1% in MEK1 negative patients.The survival rate of MEK1 positive patients was significantly lower than that of MEK1 negative patients (P < 0.05).Conclusion:The increased expression of MEK1 was associated with lymph node metastasis and liver metastasis of colorectal cancer.Therefore,detection of MEK1 expression may have important significance in the evaluation of patients' prognosis.

A STUDY ON A NONLINEAR SYSTEM FOR THE DYNAMICS OF MICROPARASITIC INFECTIONS

In order to study the prevailing states of some microparasitic infections in mathematic epidemiology, the following modle was posed by R. M. Anderson in 1979:

做吧 别诉苦

插队那时候,只写过信,连知青最爱弄的诗都没弄过。一些在城里的同学不知道乡下的事情,看了我的信,哭了。我就再写一封让他们笑的。这样,觉得很有趣,就常常写些什么。不过万万没想到还能离开那块没有淡水的盐碱滩。乡亲们苦,苦中苦的是妇女。一辈子,就结婚的时候做一件土布大襟衣服,直到死都穿着。

Morphisms and Elements of Group-like Type in Weak Multiplier Bialgebras

With the purpose of providing a categorical treatment of weak multiplier bialgebras （introduced by BShm, Gomez-Torrecillas and Ldpez-Centella in 2015）, an ap- propriate notion of morphism for these algebraic objects is proposed. This allows us to define a category wmb of （regular） weak multiplier bialgebras （with a right full comultipli- cation）, containing as a full subcategory the category wba of weak bialgebras defined by BShm, Gomez-Torrecillas and Lopez-Centella in 2014. We present a great source of ex- amples of these morphisms proving that, under some assumption, a functor between small categories induces a morphism of this kind between the natural weak multiplier bialgebra structures carried by the linear spans of the arrow sets of the categories. We explore the notion of elements of group-like type in a weak multiplier bialgebra, proposing a definition in the line of the one by the aforementioned authors for weak bialgebras. We show a big number of its properties and provide more general versions of many results known in the context of weak bialgebras. In particular, in analogy with the classical bialgebra setting （where the set of group-like elements is a monoid）, we prove that the set of these elements possesses a structure of category.

Geochemical significance of the Paleogene soda-deposits bearing strata in Biyang Depression,Henan Province

The Biyang Depression, lying in the eastern Nanxiang Basin, has a dustpan-shape with faults developed to the southwest and southeast. The Paleogene Hetaoyuan Formation in this depression hosts one of the oldest soda-deposits, the Anpeng deposit. These sodium carbonate-bearing strata consist of lutites, muddy dolomites, and bedded soda-deposits, which are dominated by nahcolite with little trona, mirabilite, and halite. In the top Unit 3 and lower Unit 2 of Hetaoyuan Formation where the sodium carbonates are concentrated, dolomitic shale, muddy carbonate, and sodium carbonate can be separated based on their distinct A1203, TiO〉 Na20, MgO＋CaO, and LOI （loss on ignition） contents. By using Na20/（MgO＋CaO） ratio as an indicator for the relative concentration of Na carbonates to Mg-Ca carbonates, the muddy dolomites can be classified into two groups. One group with Na20/（MgO＋CaO）〈0.6 exhibits a positive correlation between this ratio and AI203＋TiO2 content, an proxy for ter- rigenous clastic input and the other group with Na20/（MgO＋CaO）〉0.6 presents a negative correlation. As the clastic propor- tion decreases, the former indicates that it tends to form pure Mg-Ca carbonates reflecting evaporation less than or equal to re- plenishment for the lake water in a relative humid climate, and the latter reveals a trend to form sodium carbonates with lake water＇s evaporation more than replenishment in a relatively dry climate. From muddy dolomite to sodium carbonate samples, with Na20/（MgO＋CaO） ratio increasing, the A1 normalized Zr, Ti, La, K, Rb, and Ba tend to be enriched and the post-Archean Average Shale （PAAS） normalized positive Eu anomaly becomes more obvious. Integrated with the high B contents and the report of searlesite in the bedded sodium carbonates and the regional extensional tectonic regime, the above geochemical characteristics were interpreted to signify hydrothermal contribution to forming these soda-deposits through the deep fault systems of basin margins.