某富含金银阳极泥矿的工艺矿物学研究

采用XRF、XRD、粒度仪分析、扫描电镜分析等分析方法对某富含金银阳极泥矿的成分、粒度、物相等进行了研究。结果表明:此阳极泥矿粒度细、结构复杂,富含金、银,总含量达到10.42%,主要有色金属为铜、铅,含量分别为17.26%、13.28%;阳极泥矿中金主要以金银合金的形式存在,少部分包裹在硒化铜及硫酸铅中并伴随少量的银、锑等元素;银主要以硒化银、硒酸化银、铜银硒、金银合金及包裹在硫酸铜或者硫酸铅中形成共生化合物等形式存在;铜主要以硫酸铜化合物形式存在,硫酸铜是阳极泥矿的基底,并附存大量的其它杂质元素;铅主要以硫酸铅、硫酸铅钡、砷酸锑铅并伴有锑、金、银、砷等元素的形式存在。除此之外,阳极泥矿中还含有硫酸钡、硫酸锑等化合物。通过分析此阳极泥矿中金、银元素及主要杂质元素铜、铅的成分与赋存状态,为制定高效提取金、银的工艺流程奠定了基础。

某铅阳极泥尾矿氯化浸金工艺的研究

某阳极泥原料采用选矿工艺提取贵金属后,金的回收率为81%～82%,尾矿中金的品位在0. 2%～0. 3%之间。由于尾矿中金含量仍然较高,研究新的提金工艺显得极为重要。为了高效回收尾矿中的金,采用氯酸钠-氯化钠溶液体系浸出尾矿,并对浸金工艺进行了系统优化。实验表明,当矿浆浓度为25%、氯酸钠的用量为16 g/L、氯化钠的用量为1. 0 mol/L、硫酸的用量为3 mol/L、浸出温度为80℃、浸出时间为2 h,氯化浸金效果最好,金的最佳浸出率为99. 16%。通过氯化浸金工艺,实现了尾矿中金的高效回收,并且浸出液可直接通过还原剂还原成粗金粉,工艺成本低、高效环保,可用于企业规模化生产。

Occurrence of lead and silver minerals and their interaction with xanthate in slurry of zinc electrolysis anode slime

The background pulp potential of zinc anode slime,and its influence on the occurrence of lead,silver and xanthate,were investigated with thermodynamic method.The thermodynamic conclusion and XRD analysis pointed out that in zinc anode slime,the thermodynamically stable compound of xanthate is dixanthogen,anglesite is the only mineral of lead,and kerargyrite is one of silver minerals occurring.Microflotation tests on single minerals of anglesite and kerargyrite in sulfuric acid solution by amyl dixanthogen indicated that dixanthogen has a much stronger collecting ability to kerargyrite than to anglesite.Molecular dynamic simulation indicated that amyl dixanthogen can only be adsorbed on the surface of kerargyrite in the presence of SO42-.The FTIR tests also verified the selective adsorption of amyl dixanthogen on the surface of kerargyrite in the presence of SO42-.