大型阵列天线阻抗矩阵和散射矩阵的求解及应用

通过公式推导,给出阵列天线阻抗矩阵和散射矩阵与辐射场之间关系的解析表达式,进而提出一种运用仿真软件HFSS来求解阻抗矩阵和散射矩阵的方法.运用小型阵列的阻抗矩阵来等效大型阵列的阻抗矩阵,将其代入推导所得表达式,实现了大型阵列辐射场的精确计算.基于此辐射场的计算方法,运用遗传算法通过优化各单元的馈电幅度和相位来进行大型阵列方向图的精确综合.以16元微带贴片直线阵列天线为例来对该综合方法的有效性进行评估.实验结果表明,优化后,在精确实现-25°～25°范围内主波束扫描的同时,最大副瓣电平都控制在-18.24dB以下;与均匀阵相比,其半功率波瓣宽度均未展宽,增益损失小于0.85dB;计算结果与HFSS仿真结果基本一致.

Radiation Characteristics of Rectangular Patch Antennas with an Array of Pins

The patch antennas with an array of pins （pin array patch antennas） with excellent radiation characteristics are investigated for various substrate thicknesses. The radiation in the horizontal plane of a pin array patch antenna is very small compared to that of a conventional patch antenna. And the increase of forward radiation and the decrease of backward radiation of a pin array patch antenna are obtained than those conventional one＇s. Also the half-power beamwidth of E -plane radiation pattern of a pin array patch antenna is narrower compared to that of the conventional so that the directivity is improved.