As well known, if the Higgs boson were not observed at LHC, the technicolor model would be the most favorable candidate responsible for the symmetry breaking. To overcome some defects in the previous model, some exten...As well known, if the Higgs boson were not observed at LHC, the technicolor model would be the most favorable candidate responsible for the symmetry breaking. To overcome some defects in the previous model, some extended versions have been proposed. In the TC2 model typical signature is existence of heavy HTC and technipion ∏. A direct proof of validity of the model is to produce them at accelerator. Thus we study the production rates of e+e^- → HTC∏^0 and e+e^- → ∏+∏- at ILC in the topcolor-assisted technicolor (TC2) model. In fact, there is a flood of models belonging to new physics, which can result in products with characteristics similar to HTC + ∏ of the TC2 model. Therefore to distinguish this model from others one may need to investigate some details by calculating the cross section to NLO. We indeed find that the NLO corrections are significant, namely the ratio δ ≡( σNLO - σLO)/σLO in e+e- →HTC∏^0 exceeds 100% within a plausible parameter space.展开更多
The authenticity of 91 wines produced in Cyprus from both indigenous and other vine varieties were investigated by a holistic approach, using, advanced technology such as SNIF-NMR (site-specific natural isotopic frac...The authenticity of 91 wines produced in Cyprus from both indigenous and other vine varieties were investigated by a holistic approach, using, advanced technology such as SNIF-NMR (site-specific natural isotopic fractionation-nuclear magnetic resonance) and 1R-MS (isotope ratio-mass spectrometry) for the determination of the stable isotopes and ICP (inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy) for some heavy metals. The spectroscopic characteristics were evaluated statistically using different chemometric methods. The dependency of the D/H (deuterium/hydrogen) ratio of the methylene site in the ethanol molecule (D/H)ll and also theδ ^18O values of the wine water, were the most useful discriminators. Isotopic results allow us to have a complete idea about the regional variability of the isotopes. Among the metals, Ni followed by Pb was the ones with the highest discrimination value. The determined concentrations of Pb, Ni, Cr and Cd that are related to the safety of wines were within the acceptable limits that have been established by the OIV (international organization of vine and wine) or comparable with the results of the wines of other European countries. The study of the correlation between the load of heavy metals and isotopes in wines showed a dependence on the grape variety but not the geographical location of the vineyard. This is probably due to the close proximity of wine regions in Cyprus.展开更多
This work traces the historical development and impact of political Islam on international relations (IR) from the last century to date. In this article the author asserts that understanding the rise of political Is...This work traces the historical development and impact of political Islam on international relations (IR) from the last century to date. In this article the author asserts that understanding the rise of political Islam at the world's stage and IR generally can be genealogically traced to two interrelated developments: the rise of the Muslim Brotherhood (MB) in Egypt since 1928 as a social and political movement against the growing Western influence in the Islamic World after the collapse of the ottoman empire; and the development of the post-World War II IR theories, and practices which provided the basis of the political, military, and security doctrines of the United States and its allies which proved its lack of reliability and validity, particularly as related to the Muslim World, and the role of religion within the Muslim states and place of religion in global politics.展开更多
The performance of six statistical approaches,which can be used for selection of the best model to describe the growth of individual fish,was analyzed using simulated and real length-at-age data.The six approaches inc...The performance of six statistical approaches,which can be used for selection of the best model to describe the growth of individual fish,was analyzed using simulated and real length-at-age data.The six approaches include coefficient of determination(R2),adjusted coefficient of determination(adj.-R2),root mean squared error(RMSE),Akaike's information criterion(AIC),bias correction of AIC(AICc) and Bayesian information criterion(BIC).The simulation data were generated by five growth models with different numbers of parameters.Four sets of real data were taken from the literature.The parameters in each of the five growth models were estimated using the maximum likelihood method under the assumption of the additive error structure for the data.The best supported model by the data was identified using each of the six approaches.The results show that R2 and RMSE have the same properties and perform worst.The sample size has an effect on the performance of adj.-R2,AIC,AICc and BIC.Adj.-R2 does better in small samples than in large samples.AIC is not suitable to use in small samples and tends to select more complex model when the sample size becomes large.AICc and BIC have best performance in small and large sample cases,respectively.Use of AICc or BIC is recommended for selection of fish growth model according to the size of the length-at-age data.展开更多
The state support of the agriculture is increasing with the globalization of Russia, the need to shape level and instruments in accordance with the WTO requirements. For Russia, rational state support of agriculture i...The state support of the agriculture is increasing with the globalization of Russia, the need to shape level and instruments in accordance with the WTO requirements. For Russia, rational state support of agriculture is topical according to the domestic economic problems: insufficient financing in Russia, in the regions; degradation of production facilities; turnover acreage reduction; reduction in livestock; and according to the external economic factors: the accession to the WTO, the transition to the Common Economic Space, and subsequently, the Eurasian Economic Union, global change conditions in the global food market, an increase in the world population, increasing demand for food resources, a significant increase in food prices on world markets, the increased activity of Russian agricultural producers in the world markets of grain products; ensuring of economic stability systems, critical analysis of the tools and the effectiveness of economic policy. According to the IMF, the economic has slowed down despite the state support for agriculture should stay a priority in the government's economic policy, in the regions.展开更多
Islam, as a religion, has always been essentially and primarily propagated through Da'awah (proselytisation) and it would continue to be so up to the end of human existence on this planet. Due to its universal natu...Islam, as a religion, has always been essentially and primarily propagated through Da'awah (proselytisation) and it would continue to be so up to the end of human existence on this planet. Due to its universal nature, appeal, and guidance, Islam would have to be continuously propagated through proselytisation to all the nooks and crannies of the world particularly in this millennium when more and more people are increasingly becoming engrossed into the worship of democracy. Hence, the need for a paper in which the essential components of Da'awah lslaamiyyah (Islamic proselytisation), would be expatiated so that Islamic workers around the globe will rise up to the challenge. Apart from the definition of Da'awah, the paper will discuss the four foundations of Da'awah, namely: Ad-Da'awah ilaa Allah (inviting people to God), Ad-Daa'iyah (the proselytiser, the caller, the inviter, or the person who invites people to God), AI-Mad'uww [the invitee(s) or person(s) that is/are being invited to God], the AI-Wusao-il wal-Asaaleeb (the means and the methods of invitation to God), and conclusion.展开更多
Constantin Stanislavski's Russian acting system, further developed by contemporary methodological practices, and Maurice Merleau-Ponty's philosophy of the body as object-subject are compared to illustrate how simple...Constantin Stanislavski's Russian acting system, further developed by contemporary methodological practices, and Maurice Merleau-Ponty's philosophy of the body as object-subject are compared to illustrate how simple, learned techniques can assist in the production of authentic and transparent interrelational presence. Authentic presence requires three components: (1) honest exposition of a person's singular, essential being; (2) empathy towards the needs of other, distinct and separate from the self; and (3) mutual reciprocation, which means giving back or responding somewhat equitably to the other with whom the self is in communication, and accepting the same respondence from the other if afforded. The comprehension of Merleau-Ponty's ontology combined with Stanislavski's performance technique is uniquely suited to interpersonal communications in the 'real world'. Stanislavski's artistic vision demands an intensity of attentive involvement in order to achieve onstage authenticity. Merleau-Ponty provides supportive philosophical schematics, especially in his controversial but effective use of the expression 'flesh'. While this study may initially appear to focus on the artist, the development of interrelational skills is reliably applicable to anyone who desires to obtain a higher degree of authenticity in collaborative presence.展开更多
China, Russia and India, three Eurasian BRICS countries, are close neighbors, geographically located in the Pacific Ocean, the Arctic Ocean and the Indian Ocean respectively. The research questions why these three cou...China, Russia and India, three Eurasian BRICS countries, are close neighbors, geographically located in the Pacific Ocean, the Arctic Ocean and the Indian Ocean respectively. The research questions why these three countries have some similar characteristics in their diplomacies and foreign policies, which differentiates them both from traditional developed countries and typical developing countries. Before the assessment of this question, analysis of culture and its characteristics, international strategies and diplomacies of these three BRICS countries is necessary and appropriate. Culture plays a special and crucial role in international politics or international relations. The unique cultures of Eurasian BRICS countries, China, Russia and India, have special influences on their diplomacies, which has created a new landscape in current world economy and politics.展开更多
With the advent and widespread information and communication technologies, pace of human activity has accelerated markedly new industries, new management techniques. And in the world community, now prevalent idea of d...With the advent and widespread information and communication technologies, pace of human activity has accelerated markedly new industries, new management techniques. And in the world community, now prevalent idea of democracy with equal rights and freedoms for all citizens of a democratic state is a risk and a challenge to the integrity of a community. Against this background, it becomes important not only process control, but also a system of communication between society and the state. For effective interaction between society and the state, the government needs a new, streamlined platform for the provision of public services. This site was e-government. Currently, the concept of "open government" is implemented in the administration of the state in all developed countries. This paper deals with modern communication mechanism of the state and society in Russia, for example, "e-government", and the effectiveness of this mechanism in the process of changing demands of society.展开更多
The study of the reproduction of the Glossy Ibis (Plegadisfalcinellus) in Tunisia was undertaken from 2008 to 2010. Until the discovery of nesting in 2008, this species had only been considered as wintering in Tunis...The study of the reproduction of the Glossy Ibis (Plegadisfalcinellus) in Tunisia was undertaken from 2008 to 2010. Until the discovery of nesting in 2008, this species had only been considered as wintering in Tunisia. The Tunisian breeding population resides in the Lebna Dam in the north east of the country where it forms a mixed nesting colony with other species of the family Ardeidae ((Bubulcus ibis (Bi): 388 pairs, Ardeola ralloides (Ar): 17 pairs, Egretta garzetta (Eg): 27 pairs), (Bi: 300 pairs, At: 25 pairs, Eg: 40 pairs) and (Bi: 400 pairs, Ar: 30 pairs, Eg: 10 pairs) recorded in 2008, 2009 and 2010 respectively). All nests were constructed on Acacia horrida. Laying began in early May. The average clutch size over the three years of the study was 3.44 ± 0.73 eggs (N = 29 nests). Hatching success was 83 % (2.86 ± 1.18 eggs hatched/nest) and 2.65 ± 1.17 hatchlings/nest survived until the age of 10 to 12 days. Egg mortality was 17% during the incubation phase and chick mortality was 7.2%. No interannual variation was detected in these parameters.展开更多
China is the starting point and pioneer and driver of the Silk Road Economic Belt; Russia is located in the throat place of the belt; and India is at the joint of the belt and the Maritime Silk Road. China, Russia, an...China is the starting point and pioneer and driver of the Silk Road Economic Belt; Russia is located in the throat place of the belt; and India is at the joint of the belt and the Maritime Silk Road. China, Russia, and India as the BRICS countries are geo-connected, easy to reach a consensus because of their common and similar interests. The three countries also have common inherent demands and strategic directions: connectivity, complementarity, taking advantage of the great powers of Eurasia and sea-land compound, moving toward the grand trend of modern international economy and technology development. Promoting the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt accords with their respective interests, and is their common interests, which decide that China, Russia, and India are the key factors and dominant forces in the construction of the belt.展开更多
Investigating the influence of international events on global maritime networks is a challenging task that must comprehensively incorporate geographical, political, and maritime sciences. Understanding global maritime...Investigating the influence of international events on global maritime networks is a challenging task that must comprehensively incorporate geographical, political, and maritime sciences. Understanding global maritime network dynamics is an initial and critical step in this investigation. This study proposes an automatic identification system(AIS)-based approach to understanding maritime network dynamics before and after international events. In this approach, a spatiotemporal modeling method is introduced to measure the similarity in shipping trends before and after international events. Then, a spatiotemporal analytic framework is proposed to understand the maritime network dynamics by grouping similar situation, and assessing possible indirect effects within a network. Finally, three case studies of international events, military conflict, lifted economic sanctions, and government elections, were used to investigate the observed network dynamics possibly affected by international events. The results indicate that container, tanker, and bulk shipping between India and its connected countries all declined more than 69% after military conflicts between India and Pakistan in August 2015. Tanker shipping between Iran and the United Arab Emirates increased 51% after economic sanctions on Iran were lifted. Container shipping between Sri Lanka and Singapore, Malaysia, and India increased more than 74% after the general election in Sri Lanka. These investigations demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach in assessing the possible effects of international events on maritime network dynamics.展开更多
The relationship between the international Communist movement and the world anti- fascist war constitutes a major historical theme of our times. As a positive force for democracy and peace, the international cornersto...The relationship between the international Communist movement and the world anti- fascist war constitutes a major historical theme of our times. As a positive force for democracy and peace, the international cornerstone of the anti-fascist war. Its Communist movement became a solid political enormous sacrifices and contributions made it one of the final forces terminating the fascist political order, and its humanity provided mankind with a just direction in the struggle against war terrorism and for peace idealism. It thus became a major force in effectively advancing the development of democracy and peace. Based on the logic of condemnation, the critical reflections upon fascism made by the Communist movement have provided a value dimension for the building of today's international security system. Based on the logic of construction, the international peace ethics followed by the international Communist movement offer an ideological foundation for the building of the new international order. And based on the logic of development, the new paradigm of world civilization pursued by the international Communist movement has become a political exemplar for the current pursuit of international peace. The political force of the Communist Party of China (CPC), as China's political backbone and advance guard, cannot be overlooked: it influenced the anti-fascist war, the postwar international Communist movement and the democratization of world order. Of course, both the Soviet Union and the Comintern also offered many historical lessons during the anti-fascist war, lessons that merit profound reflection and consideration.展开更多
Members of the Chinese delegation celebrate after Beijing wins the bid to host the 2022 Winter Olympics at the128th Session of the International Olympic Committee in Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia,on July 31.Beijing beat its o...Members of the Chinese delegation celebrate after Beijing wins the bid to host the 2022 Winter Olympics at the128th Session of the International Olympic Committee in Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia,on July 31.Beijing beat its only competitor Almaty,Kazakhstan,by 44 votes to 40 with one abstention.President Xi Jinping expressed Chinese people’s passion for the Winter Games in a video message during Beijing’s presentation.The Chinese capital launched a joint bid for the Games in November 2013 with Zhangjiakou in neighboring Hebei Province.It becomes the first city in the world to host both the Summer and Winter Olympics.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Special Grant for the PHD program of the Education Ministry of China under Grant No.10775073
文摘As well known, if the Higgs boson were not observed at LHC, the technicolor model would be the most favorable candidate responsible for the symmetry breaking. To overcome some defects in the previous model, some extended versions have been proposed. In the TC2 model typical signature is existence of heavy HTC and technipion ∏. A direct proof of validity of the model is to produce them at accelerator. Thus we study the production rates of e+e^- → HTC∏^0 and e+e^- → ∏+∏- at ILC in the topcolor-assisted technicolor (TC2) model. In fact, there is a flood of models belonging to new physics, which can result in products with characteristics similar to HTC + ∏ of the TC2 model. Therefore to distinguish this model from others one may need to investigate some details by calculating the cross section to NLO. We indeed find that the NLO corrections are significant, namely the ratio δ ≡( σNLO - σLO)/σLO in e+e- →HTC∏^0 exceeds 100% within a plausible parameter space.
文摘The authenticity of 91 wines produced in Cyprus from both indigenous and other vine varieties were investigated by a holistic approach, using, advanced technology such as SNIF-NMR (site-specific natural isotopic fractionation-nuclear magnetic resonance) and 1R-MS (isotope ratio-mass spectrometry) for the determination of the stable isotopes and ICP (inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy) for some heavy metals. The spectroscopic characteristics were evaluated statistically using different chemometric methods. The dependency of the D/H (deuterium/hydrogen) ratio of the methylene site in the ethanol molecule (D/H)ll and also theδ ^18O values of the wine water, were the most useful discriminators. Isotopic results allow us to have a complete idea about the regional variability of the isotopes. Among the metals, Ni followed by Pb was the ones with the highest discrimination value. The determined concentrations of Pb, Ni, Cr and Cd that are related to the safety of wines were within the acceptable limits that have been established by the OIV (international organization of vine and wine) or comparable with the results of the wines of other European countries. The study of the correlation between the load of heavy metals and isotopes in wines showed a dependence on the grape variety but not the geographical location of the vineyard. This is probably due to the close proximity of wine regions in Cyprus.
文摘This work traces the historical development and impact of political Islam on international relations (IR) from the last century to date. In this article the author asserts that understanding the rise of political Islam at the world's stage and IR generally can be genealogically traced to two interrelated developments: the rise of the Muslim Brotherhood (MB) in Egypt since 1928 as a social and political movement against the growing Western influence in the Islamic World after the collapse of the ottoman empire; and the development of the post-World War II IR theories, and practices which provided the basis of the political, military, and security doctrines of the United States and its allies which proved its lack of reliability and validity, particularly as related to the Muslim World, and the role of religion within the Muslim states and place of religion in global politics.
基金Supported by the High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program,No2006AA100301)
文摘The performance of six statistical approaches,which can be used for selection of the best model to describe the growth of individual fish,was analyzed using simulated and real length-at-age data.The six approaches include coefficient of determination(R2),adjusted coefficient of determination(adj.-R2),root mean squared error(RMSE),Akaike's information criterion(AIC),bias correction of AIC(AICc) and Bayesian information criterion(BIC).The simulation data were generated by five growth models with different numbers of parameters.Four sets of real data were taken from the literature.The parameters in each of the five growth models were estimated using the maximum likelihood method under the assumption of the additive error structure for the data.The best supported model by the data was identified using each of the six approaches.The results show that R2 and RMSE have the same properties and perform worst.The sample size has an effect on the performance of adj.-R2,AIC,AICc and BIC.Adj.-R2 does better in small samples than in large samples.AIC is not suitable to use in small samples and tends to select more complex model when the sample size becomes large.AICc and BIC have best performance in small and large sample cases,respectively.Use of AICc or BIC is recommended for selection of fish growth model according to the size of the length-at-age data.
文摘The state support of the agriculture is increasing with the globalization of Russia, the need to shape level and instruments in accordance with the WTO requirements. For Russia, rational state support of agriculture is topical according to the domestic economic problems: insufficient financing in Russia, in the regions; degradation of production facilities; turnover acreage reduction; reduction in livestock; and according to the external economic factors: the accession to the WTO, the transition to the Common Economic Space, and subsequently, the Eurasian Economic Union, global change conditions in the global food market, an increase in the world population, increasing demand for food resources, a significant increase in food prices on world markets, the increased activity of Russian agricultural producers in the world markets of grain products; ensuring of economic stability systems, critical analysis of the tools and the effectiveness of economic policy. According to the IMF, the economic has slowed down despite the state support for agriculture should stay a priority in the government's economic policy, in the regions.
文摘Islam, as a religion, has always been essentially and primarily propagated through Da'awah (proselytisation) and it would continue to be so up to the end of human existence on this planet. Due to its universal nature, appeal, and guidance, Islam would have to be continuously propagated through proselytisation to all the nooks and crannies of the world particularly in this millennium when more and more people are increasingly becoming engrossed into the worship of democracy. Hence, the need for a paper in which the essential components of Da'awah lslaamiyyah (Islamic proselytisation), would be expatiated so that Islamic workers around the globe will rise up to the challenge. Apart from the definition of Da'awah, the paper will discuss the four foundations of Da'awah, namely: Ad-Da'awah ilaa Allah (inviting people to God), Ad-Daa'iyah (the proselytiser, the caller, the inviter, or the person who invites people to God), AI-Mad'uww [the invitee(s) or person(s) that is/are being invited to God], the AI-Wusao-il wal-Asaaleeb (the means and the methods of invitation to God), and conclusion.
文摘Constantin Stanislavski's Russian acting system, further developed by contemporary methodological practices, and Maurice Merleau-Ponty's philosophy of the body as object-subject are compared to illustrate how simple, learned techniques can assist in the production of authentic and transparent interrelational presence. Authentic presence requires three components: (1) honest exposition of a person's singular, essential being; (2) empathy towards the needs of other, distinct and separate from the self; and (3) mutual reciprocation, which means giving back or responding somewhat equitably to the other with whom the self is in communication, and accepting the same respondence from the other if afforded. The comprehension of Merleau-Ponty's ontology combined with Stanislavski's performance technique is uniquely suited to interpersonal communications in the 'real world'. Stanislavski's artistic vision demands an intensity of attentive involvement in order to achieve onstage authenticity. Merleau-Ponty provides supportive philosophical schematics, especially in his controversial but effective use of the expression 'flesh'. While this study may initially appear to focus on the artist, the development of interrelational skills is reliably applicable to anyone who desires to obtain a higher degree of authenticity in collaborative presence.
文摘China, Russia and India, three Eurasian BRICS countries, are close neighbors, geographically located in the Pacific Ocean, the Arctic Ocean and the Indian Ocean respectively. The research questions why these three countries have some similar characteristics in their diplomacies and foreign policies, which differentiates them both from traditional developed countries and typical developing countries. Before the assessment of this question, analysis of culture and its characteristics, international strategies and diplomacies of these three BRICS countries is necessary and appropriate. Culture plays a special and crucial role in international politics or international relations. The unique cultures of Eurasian BRICS countries, China, Russia and India, have special influences on their diplomacies, which has created a new landscape in current world economy and politics.
文摘With the advent and widespread information and communication technologies, pace of human activity has accelerated markedly new industries, new management techniques. And in the world community, now prevalent idea of democracy with equal rights and freedoms for all citizens of a democratic state is a risk and a challenge to the integrity of a community. Against this background, it becomes important not only process control, but also a system of communication between society and the state. For effective interaction between society and the state, the government needs a new, streamlined platform for the provision of public services. This site was e-government. Currently, the concept of "open government" is implemented in the administration of the state in all developed countries. This paper deals with modern communication mechanism of the state and society in Russia, for example, "e-government", and the effectiveness of this mechanism in the process of changing demands of society.
文摘The study of the reproduction of the Glossy Ibis (Plegadisfalcinellus) in Tunisia was undertaken from 2008 to 2010. Until the discovery of nesting in 2008, this species had only been considered as wintering in Tunisia. The Tunisian breeding population resides in the Lebna Dam in the north east of the country where it forms a mixed nesting colony with other species of the family Ardeidae ((Bubulcus ibis (Bi): 388 pairs, Ardeola ralloides (Ar): 17 pairs, Egretta garzetta (Eg): 27 pairs), (Bi: 300 pairs, At: 25 pairs, Eg: 40 pairs) and (Bi: 400 pairs, Ar: 30 pairs, Eg: 10 pairs) recorded in 2008, 2009 and 2010 respectively). All nests were constructed on Acacia horrida. Laying began in early May. The average clutch size over the three years of the study was 3.44 ± 0.73 eggs (N = 29 nests). Hatching success was 83 % (2.86 ± 1.18 eggs hatched/nest) and 2.65 ± 1.17 hatchlings/nest survived until the age of 10 to 12 days. Egg mortality was 17% during the incubation phase and chick mortality was 7.2%. No interannual variation was detected in these parameters.
基金Acknowledgements: Project of National Social Science Foundation: "Studies on the Relations between the Silk Road Economic Belt and Eurasian Union" (14BGJ039) Beijing Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project: "Studies on the Relations between the Silk Road Economic Belt and Chinese Dream" (13KDB039)+2 种基金 Major Project of Social Science of Tianjin Education Board: "Studies on the New Situation of the Game of the Great Powers in South Sea and Chinese Strategy" (2014ZD26) Project of State Key Laboratory (Tsinghua University) Open Foundation of Ministry of Science and Technology (sklhse-2014-A-03) supported by "the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities".
文摘China is the starting point and pioneer and driver of the Silk Road Economic Belt; Russia is located in the throat place of the belt; and India is at the joint of the belt and the Maritime Silk Road. China, Russia, and India as the BRICS countries are geo-connected, easy to reach a consensus because of their common and similar interests. The three countries also have common inherent demands and strategic directions: connectivity, complementarity, taking advantage of the great powers of Eurasia and sea-land compound, moving toward the grand trend of modern international economy and technology development. Promoting the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt accords with their respective interests, and is their common interests, which decide that China, Russia, and India are the key factors and dominant forces in the construction of the belt.
基金Key Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.ZDRW-ZS-2016-6-3The National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2017YFB0503802+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.40971233,No.41771473LIESMARS Special Research Funding
文摘Investigating the influence of international events on global maritime networks is a challenging task that must comprehensively incorporate geographical, political, and maritime sciences. Understanding global maritime network dynamics is an initial and critical step in this investigation. This study proposes an automatic identification system(AIS)-based approach to understanding maritime network dynamics before and after international events. In this approach, a spatiotemporal modeling method is introduced to measure the similarity in shipping trends before and after international events. Then, a spatiotemporal analytic framework is proposed to understand the maritime network dynamics by grouping similar situation, and assessing possible indirect effects within a network. Finally, three case studies of international events, military conflict, lifted economic sanctions, and government elections, were used to investigate the observed network dynamics possibly affected by international events. The results indicate that container, tanker, and bulk shipping between India and its connected countries all declined more than 69% after military conflicts between India and Pakistan in August 2015. Tanker shipping between Iran and the United Arab Emirates increased 51% after economic sanctions on Iran were lifted. Container shipping between Sri Lanka and Singapore, Malaysia, and India increased more than 74% after the general election in Sri Lanka. These investigations demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach in assessing the possible effects of international events on maritime network dynamics.
文摘The relationship between the international Communist movement and the world anti- fascist war constitutes a major historical theme of our times. As a positive force for democracy and peace, the international cornerstone of the anti-fascist war. Its Communist movement became a solid political enormous sacrifices and contributions made it one of the final forces terminating the fascist political order, and its humanity provided mankind with a just direction in the struggle against war terrorism and for peace idealism. It thus became a major force in effectively advancing the development of democracy and peace. Based on the logic of condemnation, the critical reflections upon fascism made by the Communist movement have provided a value dimension for the building of today's international security system. Based on the logic of construction, the international peace ethics followed by the international Communist movement offer an ideological foundation for the building of the new international order. And based on the logic of development, the new paradigm of world civilization pursued by the international Communist movement has become a political exemplar for the current pursuit of international peace. The political force of the Communist Party of China (CPC), as China's political backbone and advance guard, cannot be overlooked: it influenced the anti-fascist war, the postwar international Communist movement and the democratization of world order. Of course, both the Soviet Union and the Comintern also offered many historical lessons during the anti-fascist war, lessons that merit profound reflection and consideration.
文摘Members of the Chinese delegation celebrate after Beijing wins the bid to host the 2022 Winter Olympics at the128th Session of the International Olympic Committee in Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia,on July 31.Beijing beat its only competitor Almaty,Kazakhstan,by 44 votes to 40 with one abstention.President Xi Jinping expressed Chinese people’s passion for the Winter Games in a video message during Beijing’s presentation.The Chinese capital launched a joint bid for the Games in November 2013 with Zhangjiakou in neighboring Hebei Province.It becomes the first city in the world to host both the Summer and Winter Olympics.