友邦陆方车队亮相

3月8日，美国友邦保险有限公司上海分公司在上海国际赛车场举行新闻发布会，宣布赞助上届全国汽车场地锦标赛2000cc组北京站冠军车手一陆淦所在的“陆方车队”正式征战2006全国汽车场地锦标赛。冠名“友邦陆方车队”的友邦保险上海分公司是继去年赞助龙华车队后，连续第二年参与全国场地锦标赛赛事。

雨中争霸 2006年全国汽车场地锦标赛第3站赛事报道

2006年5月27、28日,2006年全国汽车场地锦标赛第3站赛事再次在珠海赛车场举行,和上一站风和日丽的好天气不同,27、28日的比赛,都在雨天进行,湿滑的赛道让比赛出了不少意外,好在没有人员受伤。在竞争最激烈的2000CC组比赛中,陆淦蝉联冠军,而今年首次组队参赛的长安福特车队取得突破,分别取得个人亚军和车队季军的好成绩。

2006全国场地锦标赛第二站比赛珠海举行

2006年4月18日,2006全国场地锦标赛第2站的比赛成功在珠海国际赛车场举行,1600CC组的比赛中,基亚骐达车队郭海生夺得冠军;2000CC组的比赛中,AIA陆方车队陆淦夺得冠军。长安福特车队本来很有希望赢得2000CC组的胜利,虽然最后功败垂成,但已可看出福克斯的深厚潜力,相信长安福特车队离胜利已经不远了。

陆台合资冷镀锌拔丝厂

项目来源:台湾。项目投资:515万美元,包括厂房、设备、水和电配套设施。投资比例:台方出资70%,大陆方出资30%。合作年限:10～15年。年产量:6000t,产品全部由台方销售。年产值:492万美元。厂况需求:厂房2200m^2,辅助房800m^2,空地3600m^2。

地方人大常委会办事机构建设中存在的问题及对策

地方人大常委会办事机构建设中存在的问题及对策陆方地方人大常委会建立以来，其办事机构不断改善，人员素质不断提高，这是有目共睹、毫无疑义的。但是，地方人大常委会办事机构建设中也确实存在着一些缺陷和不足，不能不引起我们足够的重视。──机构的设置及其职能尚未...

台商分文不投既占股份又赚美元

山东省石材联合公司下属某分公司与台湾客商合资兴办一棉纺织品有限公司,双方共同投资近26万美元(其中大陆方出资16.8万美元,占65％;台商出资9万美元,占35％),由台商在境外代购生产魔术毛巾、手帕、T恤系列产品的整套设备,计有“压缩魔术机”2台,“收缩包装机”1台,模具6套。 上述设备于去年8月下旬到货。今年2月中旬,山东省石材联合公司向济南商检局提出鉴定申请。2月下旬。

Intensified East Asian summer monsoon and associated precipitation mode shift under the 1.5 ℃ global warming target

In this study, the East Asian summer climate changes under the 1.5 ℃ global warming （1.5 GW） target in 30 simulations derived from 15 coupled models within the Coupled Model Intercomparison Program phase 5 （CMIP5） are examined. Compared with the current summer climate （1975-2005）, both surface air temperature and precipitation increase significantly over the East Asian continent during the 1.5 GW period （average period 2021-2051）. In northeastern China this is particularly pronounced with regional averaged precipitation increases of more than 7.2%, which is greater than that for the whole East Asian continent （approximately 4.2%）. Due to stronger enhancement of precipitation north of 40°N, the leading empirical orthogonal function （EOF） mode of summer precipitation over the East Asian continent changes from tripolar-like mode to dipole mode. As there is stronger surface warming over the East Asian continent than that over surrounding ocean, the land-sea thermal contrast is enhanced during the 1.5 GW period. As a result, the monsoon circulation in the lower troposphere is significantly strengthened, which causes the increased summer precipitation over the East Asian continent. In addition, larger interannual variabilities of East Asian summer monsoon circulation and associated precipitation are also suggested for the 1.5 GW period.

Pregnancy after liver transplantation:Four-year follow-up of the first case in China's Mainland

The safety and feasibility of pregnancy following liver transplantation(LT) have been accredited in a series of LT center.The first case in China's Mainland is reported.The follow-up data of a 22-year-old pregnant patient with end-stage liver disease undergone orthotopic liver transplantation were analyzed retrospectively.After surgery,the patient was uneventfully recovered and became pregnant 33 mo after LT.The patient was closely monitored and treated with a standard and individualized triple-drug immunosuppressive therapy throughout her pregnancy.Caesarean section was performed in March 18,2004,and a health live-born infant was delivered.After the delivery,a 4-year follow-up period indicated that the patient was satisfactory with her condition and her baby was healthy.Our case shows that a successful pregnancy following LT is possible and safe in women with end-stage liver diseases under close monitoring.Three factors including mother,baby,and transplanted liver function must be considered for the safety of high-risk pregnancies.

Relief Degree of Land Surface and Population Distribution of Mountainous Areas in China

Evaluation on the population pressure in the mountainous areas is a necessary condition for the protection and good governance. The evaluation depends on accurate population density assessment. Traditional methods used to calculate population density often adopt the administrative region as a scale for statistical analysis. These methods did not consider the effects of the relief degree of land surface(RDLS) on the population distribution. Therefore they cannot accurately reflect the degree of population aggregation, especially in mountainous areas. To explore this issue further, we took the mountainous areas of China as the research area. China has A total area of 666 km2 can be classified as mountainous area,accounting for 69.4% of the country's total landmass. The data used in this research included the digital elevation model(DEM) of China at a scale of 1:1,000,000, National population density raster data, the DEM and the national population density raster data. First, we determined the relief degree of land surface(RDLS). Next, we conducted a correlation analysis between the population distribution and the RDLS using the Statistical Package for Social Science(SPSS). Based on the correlation analysis results and population distribution, this new method was used to revise the provincial population density of themountainous areas. The revised results were used to determine the population pressure of different mountainous areas. Overall, the following results were obtained:(1) The RDLS was low in most mountainous areas(with a value between 0 and 3.5) and exhibited a spatial pattern that followed the physiognomy of China;(2) The relationship between the RDLS and population density were logarithmic, with an R2 value up to 0.798(p<0.05), and the correlation decreased from east to west;(3) The difference between the revised population density(RPD) and the traditional population density(PD) was larger in the southeastern region of China than in the northwestern region;(4) In addition, compared with traditional results, the revised result indicated that the population pressure was larger. Based on these results, the following conclusions were made:(1) the revised method for estimating population density that incorporates the RDLS is reasonable and practical,(2) the potential population pressure in the southeastern mountainous areas is substantial,(3) the characteristics of the terrain in the high mountainous areas are important for the scattered distribution of the population, and(4) the population distribution of mountainous areas in China should be guided by local conditions, such as social, economic, and topographic conditions.

Sensitivity of Near Real-time MODIS Gross Primary Productivity in Terrestrial Forests Based on Eddy Covariance Measurements

As an important product of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS), MOD17A2 provides dramatic improvements in our ability to accurately and continuously monitor global terrestrial primary production, which is also significant in effort to advance scientific research and eco-environmental management. Over the past decades, forests have moderated climate change by sequestrating about one-quarter of the carbon emitted by human activities through fossil fuels burning and land use/land cover change. Thus, the carbon uptake by forests reduces the rate at which carbon accumulates in the atmosphere. However, the sensitivity of near real-time MODIS gross primary productivity(GPP) product is directly constrained by uncertainties in the modeling process, especially in complicated forest ecosystems. Although there have been plenty of studies to verify MODIS GPP with ground-based measurements using the eddy covariance(EC) technique, few have comprehensively validated the performance of MODIS estimates(Collection 5) across diverse forest types. Therefore, the present study examined the degree of correspondence between MODIS-derived GPP and EC-measured GPP at seasonal and interannual time scales for the main forest ecosystems, including evergreen broadleaf forest(EBF), evergreen needleleaf forest(ENF), deciduous broadleaf forest(DBF), and mixed forest(MF) relying on 16 flux towers with a total of 68 site-year datasets. Overall, site-specific evaluation of multi-year mean annual GPP estimates indicates that the current MOD17A2 product works highly effectively for MF and DBF, moderately effectively for ENF, and ineffectively for EBF. Except for tropical forest, MODIS estimates could capture the broad trends of GPP at 8-day time scale for all other sites surveyed. On the annual time scale, the best performance was observed in MF, followed by ENF, DBF, and EBF. Trend analyses also revealed the poor performance of MODIS GPP product in EBF and DBF. Thus, improvements in the sensitivity of MOD17A2 to forest productivity require continued efforts.

How to lead foreign students into Traditional Chinese Medicine

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is becoming much more international and widely accepted. More and more foreign students come to China's Mainland to study this great yet mysterious discipline. However, the current teaching methods are far from satisfaction. This paper analyzes some existing problems and contradictions present in the teaching practices and suggests some measures for improvement.

A Method for Retrieving Water-leaving Radiance from Landsat TM Image in Taihu Lake, East China

The visible and infrared bands of Landsat Thematic Mapper （TM） can be used for inland water studies. A method of retrieving water-leaving radiance from TM image over Taihu Lake in Jiangsu Province of China was investigated in this article. To estimate water-leaving radiance, atmospheric correction was performed in three visible bands of 485nm, 560nm and 660rim. Rayleigh scattering was computed precisely, and the aerosol contribution was estimated by adopting the clear-water-pixels approach. The clear waters were identified by using the Landsat TM middle-infrared band （2.1 μm）, and the water-leaving radiance of clear water pixels in the green band was estimated by using field data. Aerosol scattering at green band was derived for six points, and interpolated to match the TM image. Assuming the atmospheric correction coefficient was 1.0, the aerosol scattering image at blue and red bands were derived. Based on a simplified atmospheric radiation transfer model, the water-leaving radiance for three visible bands was retrieved. The water-leaving radiance was normalized to make it comparable with that estimated from other remotely sensed data acquired at different times, and under different atmospheric conditions. Additionally, remotely sensed reflectance of water was computed. To evaluate the atmospheric correction method presented in this article, the correlation was analyzed between the corrected remotely sensed data and the measured water parameters based on the retrieval model. The results show that the atmospheric correction method based on the image itself is more effective for the retrieval of water parameters from Landsat TM data than 6S （Second Simulation of the Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum） code based on standard atmospheric and aerosol models.

Comparison of the spatio-temporal dynamics of vegetation between the Changbai Mountains of eastern Eurasia and the Appalachian Mountains of eastern North America

The Changbai Mountains and the Appalachian Mountains have similar spatial contexts.The elevation,latitude,and moisture gradients of both mountain ranges offer regional insight for investigating the vegetation dynamics in eastern Eurasia and eastern North America.We determined and compared the spatial patterns and temporal trends in the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)in the Changbai Mountains and the Appalachian Mountains using time series data from the Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies 3^(rd) generation dataset from 1982 to 2013.The spatial pattern of NDVI in the Changbai Mountains exhibited fragmentation,whereas NDVI in the Appalachian Mountains decreased from south to north.The vegetation dynamics in the Changbai Mountains had an insignificant trend at the regional scale,whereas the dynamics in the Appalachian Mountains had a significant increasing trend.NDVI increased in 55% of the area of the Changbai Mountains and in 95% of the area of the Appalachian Mountains.The peak NDVI occurred one month later in the Changbai Mountains than in the Appalachian Mountains.The results revealed a significant increase in NDVI in autumn in both mountain ranges.The climatic trend in the Changbai Mountains included warming and decreased precipitation,and whereas that in the Appalachian Mountains included significant warming and increased precipitation.Positive and negative correlations existed between NDVI and temperature and precipitation,respectively,in both mountain ranges.Particularly,the spring temperature and NDVI exhibited a significant positive correlation in both mountain ranges.The results of this study suggest that human actives caused the differences in the spatial patterns of NDVI and that various characteristics of climate change and intensity of human actives dominated the differences in the NDVI trends between the Changbai Mountains and the Appalachian Mountains.Additionally,the vegetation dynamics of both mountain ranges were not identical to those in previous broader-scale studies.

Effects of Sowing Methods on Upland Rice in Lowland Rice-Vegetable Sequence in Inland Valley

Triple cropping in the inland valleys of southwestern Nigeria is technically possible but the third crop between the main crop and vegetables has poor establishment due to soil saturation. Identification of appropriate sowing methods is required in this niche. A field experiment was conducted at the University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria in 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 cropping seasons to evaluate the effect of sowing methods on the performance of upland rice （Oryza spp.） in a lowland rice-vegetable sequence. The first, second, and third crops in the sequence were planted in May, September and December, respectively. Two upland rice varieties, namely New Rice for Africa 1 （NERICA 1） and ITA 150 constituted the main plot treatments while the subplot treatments were sowing methods. The mean grain yield of lowland rice for two years was 7.74 t ha^-1. The fluted pumpkin had a fresh leaf weight of 14.78 t ha^-1. The grain yields of the two upland rice varieties （1.81 and 1.85 t ha^-1） and sowing methods which ranged between 1.63 and 2.05 t ha^-1 were similar in both cropping seasons. However, the interaction of variety by sowing methods had a significant effect on grain yield. Transplanting and pre-germinated broadcast had the highest grain yield for NERICA 1 while dry broad cast and pre-germinated dibbled had the highest in ITA 150. Hence, the productivity of triple cropping in the inland valley was enhanced by sowing methods.

Land cover change and carbon stores in a tropical montane cloud forest in the Sierra Madre Oriental,Mexico

Tropical montane cloud forest is one of the ecosystems with the highest biomass worldwide, representing an important carbon store. Globally its deforestation index is –1.1%, but in Mexico it is higher than –3%. Carbon estimates are scarce globally, particularly in Mexico. The objective of this study was to simulate future land-cover scenarios for the Sierra Madre Oriental in Mexico, by analyzing past forest cover changes. Another objective was to estimate stored carbon in the two study areas. These objectives involve the generation of information that could be useful inputs to anti-deforestation public policy such as the REDD+ strategy. Remote sensing was used to measure land cover change and estimate carbon stocks. Satellite images from 2015, 2000 and 1986 were used, and Dinamica EGO freeware generatedmodels of future projections. Between 1986 and 2015, 5171 ha of forest were converted to pasture. The annual deforestation rates were –1.5% for Tlanchinol and –1.3% for the San Bartolo Tutotepec sites. Distance to roads and marginalization were highly correlated with deforestation. By 2030, an estimated 3608 ha of forest in these sites will have been converted to pasture. Stored carbon was estimated at 16.35 Mg C ha-1 for the Tlanchinol site and 12.7 Mg C ha-1 for the San Bartolo site. In the Sierra Madre Oriental deforestation due to land cover change(–1.4%) is higher than levels reported worldwide. Besides having high values of stored carbon(14.5 Mg C ha-1), these forests have high biodiversity. The models' outputs show that the deforestation process will continue if action is not taken to avoid the expansion of livestock pasturing. This can be done by paying incentives for forest conservation to the owners of the land. The results suggest that REDD+ is currently the most viable strategy for reducing deforestation rates in tropical montane cloud forests in Sierra Madre Oriental.

A HISTORICAL EXAMINATION ON LAND DESERTIFICATION IN NORTH CHINA

Desertification control has been facing severe situations in the interlocking area between cultivated land and grazing land in North China since the Qing Dynasty because of unreasonable land utilization. The paper analyzes the policies of all the previous governments to open up land, and examines the historical and geographical background and process by means of historical records. We consider that causes of the area of land desertification to extend are increase of farming migrants, the change of life style of Mongol and weather and land conditions. In order to control the spread of land desertification, we suggest the level of the government to make policies should be improved, the number of farming migrants should be controlled, the Government′s general and specific polices should be actively publicized, and investment in agriculture should be increased.

Effect of a combined inversion and plantarflexion surface on ankle kinematics and EMG activities in landing

Purpose： The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of landing kinematics and electromyographic （EMG） activities of medial gastrocnemius on a combined inversion and plantarflexion surface on the ankle （MG）, peroneus longus （PL）, and tibialis anterior （TA） muscles. Methods： Twelve recreational athletes performed five drop landings from an overhead bar of 30 cm height on to three surfaces： a flat surface, a 25° inversion surface, and a combined surface of 25° inversion and 25° plantarflexion. The kinematic variables and integrated EMG （IEMG） of the three muscles were assessed using a one-way repeated measures ANOVA and a 3 × 3 （surface × muscle） ANOVA, respectively （p 〈 0.05）. Results： The IEMG results showed a significant muscle by surface interaction. The flat surface induced higher TA activity than the two tilted surfaces. The inverted surface produced significantly higher inversion peak angle and velocity than the flat surface, but similar PL activity across the surfaces. The MG IEMG, ankle plantarflexion angle, and inversion range of motion were significantly higher for the combined surface compared to the inverted surface. Conclusion： These findings suggest that compared to the inversion surface, the combined plantarflexion and inversion surface seems to provide a more unstable surface condition for lateral ankle sprains during landing.

Role of English in Chinese Popular Culture

Nowadays Chinese have become much more open and willing to welcome and embrace Western culture, and therefore English plays an important role in Chinese pop culture. This paper intends to analyze the role of English in Chinese advertisements, movies and TV shows, which are shown in China's Mainland, Taiwan, and Hong Kong. Findings show that English is pervasively used in Chinese commercials in both China's Mainland and Taiwan. Unlike the situations in Taiwan, English is always used in combination with Chinese subtitles in China's Mainland, most international commercials are re-produced to be more applicable to local Chinese communities, and the strategy of advertising is different. In Hong Kong movies, Hong Kong English is used frequently, which gives the evidence that the language mixing behavior is popular in Hong Kong.

The Application of Task-Based Language Teaching to ＂Longman English Interactive＂

Interactive courses are becoming more and more popular today. LEI （Longman English Interactive） is one of them Recently, many teachers in China's Mainland learn to adopt TBLT （task-based language teaching） in these interactive courses including LEI. However, some of them feel confused about how to apply TBLT more effectively in their classes since they may not understand clearly why TBLT is such a ＂matching＂ teaching method for this type of classes. To illustrate this issue, this paper sets LEI as an example. It firstly analyzes the syllabus design of LEI based on the theories of communicative teaching approach, then discusses about why the renowned TBLT is a suitable method to organize the class, and finally exemplifies how TBLT can be fully applied to the course in real classrooms. The objective of this paper is to inspire English teachers to have a better application of TBLT in interactive classes alike.