以连续流产氢为目标,采用高透光性弥散光纤作为导光介质和光合细菌吸附成膜的载体,构造了环流型光纤生物膜制氢反应器。在实验研究的基础上,根据传质原理和Monod生化反应动力学建立了描述连续流反应器中底物传输和降解的二维数学模型。...以连续流产氢为目标,采用高透光性弥散光纤作为导光介质和光合细菌吸附成膜的载体,构造了环流型光纤生物膜制氢反应器。在实验研究的基础上,根据传质原理和Monod生化反应动力学建立了描述连续流反应器中底物传输和降解的二维数学模型。以强化底物传输和提高底物降解效率为目标,对反应器的实际操作参数进行了优化。研究结果表明,反应器的底物传输特性对反应器的底物降解效率有显著影响。反应器的底物降解效率随进口底物质量浓度的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势。反应器的底物降解效率随流速的增加呈现逐渐减小的趋势。当反应器的进口底物质量浓度为10 g/L,流速为100 m L/h时,底物消耗速率最大,底物降解效率达到43.5%。合理地控制反应器中的底物传输使得生物膜区域具有适合的底物质量浓度分布,是维持反应器较高底物降解效率的有效途径。展开更多
采用人工配制蔗糖废水对设计的复合UASB反应器运行性能进行了实验研究,经过6个阶段55 d的启动过程,反应器进水容积负荷从2.09 kg COD/(m3.d)提高到28.02 kg COD/(m3.d),COD去除率达到98.45%。为描述反应器启动过程各阶段运行性能变化,...采用人工配制蔗糖废水对设计的复合UASB反应器运行性能进行了实验研究,经过6个阶段55 d的启动过程,反应器进水容积负荷从2.09 kg COD/(m3.d)提高到28.02 kg COD/(m3.d),COD去除率达到98.45%。为描述反应器启动过程各阶段运行性能变化,提出了单位底物降解速率常数K2’值评价法。结果表明,复合UASB反应器在第5阶段达到了最佳运行工况。用K2’评价法对一些文献报道的厌氧反应器启动过程的实验数据进行了计算,对运行性能进行了对比评价。展开更多
构建了双室型微生物燃料电池(MFC),探讨了异养反硝化底物降解、产电特性和指示作用。结果表明:有机物是影响异养反硝化微生物燃料电池产电和污水处理性能的关键影响因素,未加入有机物时MFC产电仅有10 m V;MFC的电信号能较好地反映亚硝氮...构建了双室型微生物燃料电池(MFC),探讨了异养反硝化底物降解、产电特性和指示作用。结果表明:有机物是影响异养反硝化微生物燃料电池产电和污水处理性能的关键影响因素,未加入有机物时MFC产电仅有10 m V;MFC的电信号能较好地反映亚硝氮、COD基质浓度的变化情况,因此可用电压变化指示底物的降解过程;在不考虑菌体水解、同化作用所引起氨氮浓度的增加问题时,亦可用时间来指示氨氮的降解过程。展开更多
In this study,we showed that BiO Br nanoplates prepared at different pH values have substratedependent photocatalytic activities under visible-light irradiation. The BiO Br nanoplates synthesized at pH 1（BOB-1） degr...In this study,we showed that BiO Br nanoplates prepared at different pH values have substratedependent photocatalytic activities under visible-light irradiation. The BiO Br nanoplates synthesized at pH 1（BOB-1） degraded salicylic acid more effectively than did those obtained at pH 3（BOB-3）,but the order of their photocatalytic activities in rhodamine B（RhB） degradation were reversed. Electrochemical Mott–Schottky and zeta-potential measurements showed that BOB-1 had a more positive valence band and lower surface charge,leading to superior photocatalytic activity in salicylic acid degradation under visible light. However,BOB-3 was more powerful in RhB degradation because larger numbers of superoxide radicals were generated via electron injection from the excited RhB to its more negative conduction band under visible-light irradiation; this was confirmed using active oxygen species measurements and electron spin resonance analysis. This study deepens our understanding of the origins of organic-pollutant-dependent photoreactivities of semiconductors,and will help in designing highly active photocatalysts for environmental remediation.展开更多
文摘以连续流产氢为目标,采用高透光性弥散光纤作为导光介质和光合细菌吸附成膜的载体,构造了环流型光纤生物膜制氢反应器。在实验研究的基础上,根据传质原理和Monod生化反应动力学建立了描述连续流反应器中底物传输和降解的二维数学模型。以强化底物传输和提高底物降解效率为目标,对反应器的实际操作参数进行了优化。研究结果表明,反应器的底物传输特性对反应器的底物降解效率有显著影响。反应器的底物降解效率随进口底物质量浓度的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势。反应器的底物降解效率随流速的增加呈现逐渐减小的趋势。当反应器的进口底物质量浓度为10 g/L,流速为100 m L/h时,底物消耗速率最大,底物降解效率达到43.5%。合理地控制反应器中的底物传输使得生物膜区域具有适合的底物质量浓度分布,是维持反应器较高底物降解效率的有效途径。
文摘采用人工配制蔗糖废水对设计的复合UASB反应器运行性能进行了实验研究,经过6个阶段55 d的启动过程,反应器进水容积负荷从2.09 kg COD/(m3.d)提高到28.02 kg COD/(m3.d),COD去除率达到98.45%。为描述反应器启动过程各阶段运行性能变化,提出了单位底物降解速率常数K2’值评价法。结果表明,复合UASB反应器在第5阶段达到了最佳运行工况。用K2’评价法对一些文献报道的厌氧反应器启动过程的实验数据进行了计算,对运行性能进行了对比评价。
文摘构建了双室型微生物燃料电池(MFC),探讨了异养反硝化底物降解、产电特性和指示作用。结果表明:有机物是影响异养反硝化微生物燃料电池产电和污水处理性能的关键影响因素,未加入有机物时MFC产电仅有10 m V;MFC的电信号能较好地反映亚硝氮、COD基质浓度的变化情况,因此可用电压变化指示底物的降解过程;在不考虑菌体水解、同化作用所引起氨氮浓度的增加问题时,亦可用时间来指示氨氮的降解过程。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars(21425728)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21173093+4 种基金211770482127308821477044)the Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2013CFA114)the the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(CCNU14Z01001 CCNU14KFY002)~~
文摘In this study,we showed that BiO Br nanoplates prepared at different pH values have substratedependent photocatalytic activities under visible-light irradiation. The BiO Br nanoplates synthesized at pH 1（BOB-1） degraded salicylic acid more effectively than did those obtained at pH 3（BOB-3）,but the order of their photocatalytic activities in rhodamine B（RhB） degradation were reversed. Electrochemical Mott–Schottky and zeta-potential measurements showed that BOB-1 had a more positive valence band and lower surface charge,leading to superior photocatalytic activity in salicylic acid degradation under visible light. However,BOB-3 was more powerful in RhB degradation because larger numbers of superoxide radicals were generated via electron injection from the excited RhB to its more negative conduction band under visible-light irradiation; this was confirmed using active oxygen species measurements and electron spin resonance analysis. This study deepens our understanding of the origins of organic-pollutant-dependent photoreactivities of semiconductors,and will help in designing highly active photocatalysts for environmental remediation.
