Halo轨道Richardson三阶近似解析解的改进

Halo轨道可以用来进行观测太阳活动,观测月背面,地月中继通信等航天任务。Richardson的三阶近似解析解是共线平动点的Halo轨道确定的基础。Richardson解析解是基于一种Lindstedt-Poincaré法的消去长期项的方法,在保留三阶小量方程中,假设角频率和位移展开到数量级第三级,并通过依次提取数量级相同的变量构成的方程进行推导的。在Richardson的解析解中,数量级第1级和第2级方程以及第3级在z轴方向的方程都消去了长期项,然而数量级第3级在x和y方向上并没有消去长期项。提出了Richardson三阶近似解析解的一种改进解析解,其数量级第3级在x和y轴上的分量比Richardson解析解更精确。并通过Matlab的数值计算验证了改进解析解的优势。

地月空间对称自由返回轨道设计与分析

为快速设计出适合载人月球探测任务和地月空间人员运输任务的自由返回轨道,在三体模型下研究了地月空间对称自由返回轨道的设计方法及其轨道特性。首先,在圆型限制性三体模型建立自由返回轨道地心旋转系下二维极坐标动力学模型。其次,根据自由返回轨道对称特性建立求解模型,选择近月点y轴速度为控制变量,并基于月球逃逸速度给出控制变量初值估计方法,提出了不同地心和月心运行方向的对称自由返回轨道搜索策略。最后,分析了4种类型对称自由返回轨道的轨道差异,并分析了不同近地点高度和近月点高度下自由返回轨道的轨道特性。仿真结果表明:文章提出的设计方法能快速准确地搜索出指定类型的对称自由返回轨道,同时其轨道特性分析结论可为后续载人月球探测任务和地月空间人员运输任务的自由返回轨道选择提供参考。

行星际高速公路技术

介绍了行星际高速公路技术的研究背景,有条件地分析了行星际高速公路技术的限制性三体问题、混沌动力学问题和行星际高速公路的描述与计算问题,最后探讨了行星际高速公路在低能量星际转移轨道设计中的应用和在未来星际城市开发中的潜在价值。

日地系统CRTBP模型下飞行器编队的阈值控制

针对深空探测中具有一般性的圆形限制性三体(CRTBP)模型,进行主从飞行器编队建模。将控制器设计转化为一类线性矩阵不等式问题,并权衡编队系统对燃耗、精度的要求以及推进器的推力范围,设计阈值控制方案。仿真实例参考NASA预研任务,给出编队机动和保持的控制过程,表明基于所述控制方案,编队系统满足性能指标要求。

Heteroclinic and Homoclinic Connections between the Sun-Earth Triangular Points and Quasi-Satellite Orbits for Solar Observations

Investigation of new orbit geometries exhibits a very attractive behavior for a spacecraft to monitor space weather coming from the Sun. Several orbit transfer mechanisms are analyzed as potential alternatives to monitor solar activity such as a sub-solar orbit or quasi-satellite orbit and short and long heteroclinic and homoclinic connections between the triangular points L4 and L5 and the collinear point L3 of the CRTBP （circular restricted three-body problem） in the Sun-Earth system. These trajectories could serve as channels through where material can be transported from L5 to L3 by performing small maneuvers at the departure of the Trojan orbit. The size of these maneuvers at L5 is between 299 m/s and 730 m/s depending on the transfer time of the trajectory and does not need any deterministic maneuvers at L3. Our results suggest that material may also be transported from the Trojan orbits to quasi-satellite orbits or even displaced quasi-satellite orbits.

Research on the transfers to Halo orbits from the view of invariant manifolds

This paper discusses the evolutions of invariant manifolds of Halo orbits by low-thrust and lunar gravity. The possibility of applying all these manifolds in designing low-thrust transfer, and the presence of single-impulse trajectories under lunar gravity are also explained. The relationship between invafiant manifolds and the altitude of the perigee is investigated using a Poincare map. Six types of single-impulse transfer trajectories are then attained from the geometry of the invariant manifolds. The evolutions of controlled manifolds are surveyed by the gradient law of Jacobi energy, and the following conclusions are drawn. First, the low thrust （acceleration or deceleration） near the libration point is very inefficient that the spacecraft free-flies along the invariant manifolds. The purpose is to increase its velocity and avoid stagnation near the libration point. Second, all con- trolled manifolds are captured because they lie inside the boundary of Eatlh＇s gravity trap in the configuration space. The evo- lutions of invariant manifolds under lunar gravity are indicated from the relationship between the lunar phasic angle and the altitude of the perigee. Third and last, most of the manifolds have preserved their topologies in the circular restricted three-body problem. However, the altitudes of the perigee of few manifolds are quite non-continuous, which can be used to generate single-impulse flyby trajectories.

Opportunities search of transfer between interplanetary halo orbits in ephemeris model

In this paper,a two-level search method for searching transfer opportunities between interplanetary halo orbits,exploiting the invariant manifolds of the restricted three-body problem,is proposed.In the method,the first-level search procedure is performed under the conditions of the initial time of escape manifold trajectory of the Sun-Earth halo orbit and the terminal time of capture manifold of the target planet fixed,by solving the optimal two-impulsive heliocentric trajectory to connect the two manifold trajectories.The contour map,helpful to the understanding of the global characteristics of the transfer opportunities,taking the initial time of escape manifold and the terminal time of capture manifold as variables,the optimal velocity increment of the first-level search as objective function,is used for the second-level search.Finally,taking the Earth-Mars and Earth-Venus halo to halo transfers for example,the transfer opportunities in 2015-2017 are searched.The results show the effectiveness of the proposed method and reveal the property of quasi-period of transfer opportunities between interplanetary halo orbits.

A novel method of periodic orbit computation in circular restricted three-body problem

Periodic orbits are fundamental keys to understand the dynamical system of circular restricted three-body problem, and they play important roles in practical deep-space exploration. Current methods of periodic orbit computation need a high-order analytical approximate solution to start the iteration process, thus making the computation complicated and limiting the types of periodic orbits that can be obtained. By utilizing the symmetry of the restricted three-body problem, a special kind of flow function is constructed, so as to map a state on the plane of symmetry to another state that also lies in this plane. Based on this flow function, a new method of periodic orbit computation is derived. This method needs neither a starting analytic approximation nor the state transition matrix to be computed, so it can be conveniently implemented on a computer. Besides, this method is unaffected by the nonlinearity of the dynamical system, allowing a large set of periodic orbits which have x-z plane symmetry to be computed numerically. As examples, some planar periodic orbits (e.g. Lyapunov orbit) and spatial periodic orbits (e.g. Halo orbit) are computed. By further combining with a differential correction process, the method introduced here can be used to design resonant orbits that can jump between different resonant frequencies. One such resonant orbit is given in this paper, verifying the efficiency of this method.

Variational minimizing parabolic and hyperbolic orbits for the restricted 3-body problems Dedicated to my Teacher Professor Yang Wannian on the Occasion of his 75th Birthday

Using variational minimizing methods,we prove the existence of the odd symmetric parabolic or hyperbolic orbit for the restricted 3-body problems with weak forces.

A Note on the Equivalence of Post-Newtonian Lagrangian and Hamiltonian Formulations

Recently,it has been generally claimed that a low order post-Newtonian(PN)Lagrangian formulation,whose Euler-Lagrange equations are up to an infinite PN order,can be identical to a PN Hamiltonian formulation at the infinite order from a theoretical point of view.In general,this result is difficult to check because the detailed expressions of the Euler-Lagrange equations and the equivalent Hamiltonian at the infinite order are clearly unknown.However,there is no difficulty in some cases.In fact,this claim is shown analytically by means of a special first-order post-Newtonian(1PN)Lagrangian formulation of relativistic circular restricted three-body problem,where both the Euler-Lagrange equations and the equivalent Hamiltonian are not only expanded to all PN orders,but have converged functions.It is also shown numerically that both the Euler-Lagrange equations of the low order Lagrangian and the Hamiltonian are equivalent only at high enough finite orders.

Double lunar swing-by orbits revisited

The double lunar swing-by orbits are a special kind of orbits in the Earth-Moon system.These orbits repeatedly pass through the vicinity of the Moon and change their shapes due to the Moon’s gravity.In the synodic frame of the circular restricted three-body problem consisting of the Earth and the Moon,these orbits are periodic,with two close approaches to the Moon in every orbit period.In this paper,these orbits are revisited.It is found that these orbits belong to the symmetric horseshoe periodic families which bifurcate from the planar Lyapunov family around the collinear libration point L3.Usually,the double lunar swing-by orbits have k=i+j loops,where i is the number of the inner loops and j is the number of outer loops.The genealogy of these orbits with different i and j is studied in this paper.That is,how these double lunar swing-by orbits are organized in the symmetric horseshoe periodic families is explored.In addition,the 2n lunar swing-by orbits(n≥2)with 2n close approaches to the Moon in one orbit period are also studied.

Control of orientation for spacecraft formations in the vicinity of the Sun-Earth L2 libration point

Formation flying in the vicinity of the libration point is an important concept for space exploration and demands reliable and accurate techniques for the control of a spacecraft.On the basis of previous works,this paper addresses the problem of relative orientation control of spacecraft formation flying utilizing the framework of the circular restricted three-body problem(CR3BP)with the Sun and Earth as the primary gravitational bodies.Two specific tasks are accomplished in this study.First,the tangent targeting method(TTM),an efficient two-level differential correction algorithm,is exploited to control the Chief/Deputy architecture to maintain a prespecified orientation.The time spent within the orientation error corridor between successive maneuvers is maximized while the relative separation between the vehicles is held constant at each target point.The second task is to further optimize the maneuver intervals by dropping the constraint imposed on the relative vehicle separation.Numerical investigation indicates that the number of maneuvers can be significantly reduced and the length of time between successive maneuvers can be greatly increased by utilizing the TTM.