荔枝清洗剥壳除核榨汁生产线的研制开发

介绍一套自主开发的全新的荔枝清洗剥壳除核榨汁生产线,阐述其设计要点、结构和工作原理。

青枣拉沟除核自动机的研制

论述了青枣拉沟除核自动机的基本原理及结构,解决了青枣自动轴向顺位、逐个进入定位块、通过拉刀拉沟后送入定心装置而后除核等问题.指出了卧式、多通道、双行程都工作的自动机是高效率的基础.强调了一次往复行程分别完成拉沟和除核工作是该机合理性和新颖性的显著特点.

关于前苏联核试验的一份“秘密报告”

一群俄罗斯高级核武器专家,将过去41年中前苏联的715次核试验情况写成了一本2000页厚的专题报告,并把它“出售”给美国,从而提供了美苏冷战对抗长达40多年中的最大的核秘密的第一手材料。

Study on the Knockout and the Soluble Prokaryotic Expression of VP5 Protein Transmembrane Region of IBDV

[Objective] The research aimed to construct the prokaryotic expression vector of VP5 protein of IBDV.The transmembrane region sequence of VP5 protein was knocked out.Moreover,the expression,separation and purification of objective protein were carried out.[Method] PCR technology was used to respectively amplify the extracellular and intracellular fragments of VP5 gene of IBDV.Then,the two fragments were simultaneously linked to pET-28b（＋）,and it was the vector-intracellular fragment-extracellular fragment-vector.The recombinant expression plasmid pET-VP5-FC and the improved pET-VP5-SC of VP5 whose transmembrane region gene fragment was knocked out were constructed.Then,the expression plasmid was transformed into BL21（DE3）.After IPTG induction,the recombinant protein was purified by Ni affinity chromatography and the gel filtration chromatography.[Result] The soluble expressed VP5 of IBDV was obtained.[Conclusion] The research laid the foundation for further studying the structure and function of VP5 protein.

小荷方露尖尖角——宜兴水泥厂进行现代企业制度改革纪实

看过《世说新语》或《晋书》的人都知道,义兴阳羡有个斩虎杀蛟的英雄周处。“义兴阳羡”,即现在宜兴南部。如今,这里又出现了一个闻名遐迩的清除阻碍生产力发展桎梏的企业——青龙山下的宜兴水泥厂(待批新名为“江苏宜华青龙水泥有限责任公司”)。四个月前,该厂水泥积压2.9万吨,生产陷入困境,不少人由此断言,要放长假了。四个月后的今天,该厂产品供不应求,积压的2.9万吨也销售一空。去年10月到今年1月,

为荔枝龙眼量身定做的加工机械

在中央一再强调“三农”问题,将其放在工作的重中之重之时,科研机构如何既为自己的科研成果找出路,也为农业增效、农民增收做实事?广东省农业机械研究所针对本身科研生产中的实际,适时研制出了“荔枝龙眼剥壳除核榨汁设备”,解决了当前广东省乃至周边地区荔枝龙眼产后加工的问题,解决果农增产不增收的难题,也为科研机构如何在新形势下走上社会,加强科研成果转化做出了有益的尝试。

Study on the Model of Excessive Staminate Catkin Thinning of Proterandrous Walnut Based on Quadratic Polynomial Regression Equation and BP Artificial Neural Network

The excessive staminate catkin thinning （emasculation） of proterandrous walnut is an important management measure for improving yield. To improve the excessive staminate catkin thinning efficiency, the model of quadratic polynomial regression equation and BP artificial neural network was developed. The effects of ethephon, gibberel in and mepiquat on shedding rate of staminate catkin of pro-terandrous walnut were investigated by modeling field test. Based on the modeling test results, the excessive staminate catkin thinning model of quadratic polynomial regression equation and BP artificial neural network was established, and it was validated by field test next year. The test data were divided into training set, vali-dation set and test set. The total 20 sets of data obtained from the modeling field test were randomly divided into training set （17） and validation set （3） by central composite design （quadric rotational regression test design）, and the data obtained from the next-year field test were divided into the test set. The topological struc-ture of BP artificial neural network was 3-5-1. The results showed that the pre-diction errors of BP neural network for samples from the validation set were 1.355 0%, 0.429 1% and 0.353 8%, respectively; the difference between the predicted value by the BP neural network and validated value by field test was 2.04%, and the difference between the predicted value by the regression equation and validated value by field test was 3.12%; the prediction accuracy of BP neural network was over 1.0% higher than that of regression equation. The effective combination of quadratic polynomial stepwise regression and BP artificial neural network wil not only help to determine the effect of independent parameter but also improve the prediction accuracy.

Cutting Techniques for Facilities Dismantling in Decommissioning Projects

Fuel cycle related activities were accomplished in IPEN-CNEN/SP in laboratory and pilot plant scale and most facilities were built in the 70-80 years. Nevertheless, radical changes of the Brazilian nuclear policy in the beginning of 90＇s determined the interruption of several fuel cycle activities and facilities shutdown. Some laboratory and pilot plant decommissioning activities have been performed in IPEN in the last years. During the operational activities in the decommissioning of old nuclear fuel cycle facilities, the personnel involved in the task had to face several problems. In old facilities, the need of large components dismantling and material removal use to present some difficulties, such as lack of available and near electricity supply. Besides this, the spread out of the superficial contamination in the form of dust or aerosols and the exposure of workers should be as much as possible avoided. Then, the selection and availability of suitable tools for the task, mainly those employed for cutting and segmentation of different materials is of significant importance. Slight hand tools, mainly those powered by rechargeable batteries, facilitate the work, especially in areas where the access is difficult. Based on the experience in the dismantling of some old nuclear facilities of IPEN-CNEN/SP, some tools that would have facilitated the operations were identified and their availability could have improved the quality and efficiency of different individual tasks. In this paper, different cutting problems and techniques, as well as some available commercial hand tools, are presented as suggestion for future activities.

Absorption performance of DMSA modified Fe_3O_4@SiO_2 core/shell magnetic nanocomposite for Pb^(2+) removal

The purpose of this study is to explore the adsorption performance of meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid(DMSA)modified Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic nanocomposite(Fe3O4@SiO2@DMSA)for Pb2+ions removal from aqueous solutions.The effects of solution pH,initial concentration of Pb2+ions,contact time,and temperature on the amount of Pb2+adsorbed were investigated.Adsorption isotherms,adsorption kinetics,and thermodynamic analysis were also studied.The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of the Fe3O4@SiO2@DMSA composite is 50.5 mg/g at 298 K,which is higher than that of Fe3O4 and Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic nanoparticles.The adsorption process agreed well with Langmuir adsorption isotherm models and pseudo second-order kinetics.The thermodynamic analysis revealed that the adsorption was spontaneous,endothermic and energetically driven in nature.

Primary tuberculous infection of breast:experiences of surgical resection for aged patients and review of literature

Primary mammary tuberculosis is a rare entity that usually occurs in female of reproductive age. Herein three such patients including two males with ages over 80 years, who underwent surgical resection, are reported. Fine needle biopsy failed to achieve specific diagnosis before surgical operation. All of their conditions got satisfactory improvement and anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy was administered postoperatively. Previous literature related to the epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment for mammary tuberculosis will be also reviewed. Mammary tuberculosis is usually related to breast feeding women and is extremely rare in aged man. The possible mechanisms resulting in this disease in our three patients, including direct extension, reactivation, or transmitted by staffs or peers of the nursing home, would also be discussed.

Neoadjuvant peptide receptor radionuclide therapy for an inoperable neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor

Pancreatic endocrine tumors are rare but are among the most common neuroendocrine neoplasms of the abdomen.At diagnosis many of them are already advanced and diff icult to treat.We report on an initially inoperable malignant pancreatic endocrine tumor in a 33-year-old woman,who received neoadjuvant peptide receptor radionuclide therapy(PRRT)as firstline treatment.This resulted in a signif icant downstaging of the tumor and allowed its subsequent complete surgical removal.Follow-up for eighteen months revealed a complete remission.This is the first report on neoadjuvant PRRT in a neuroendocrine neoplasm with subsequent successful complete resection.

Decommissioning of Uranium Pilot Plants at IPEN-CNEN/SP： Facilities Dismantling, Decontamination and Reuse as New Laboratories for Strategic Programs

From beginning of 90＇s, the Brazilian nuclear policy has been changed radically. This determined the interruption of most R＆D fuel cycle activities and the facilities shutdown at Nuclear and Energetic Research Institute （IPEN）. The existence of those facilities also implicated in the need of constant surveillance, representing additional obligations, costs and problems. The reasons to promote the dismantling of the IPEN＇s Nuclear Fuel Cycle Pilot Plants elapsed mainly from the need of physical space for new activities, since the R＆D in the nuclear fuel cycle area were interrupted. In the last decade, IPEN has changed its ＂nuclear profile＂ to a ＂comprehensive and multidisciplinary profile＂. With the end of most nuclear fuel cycle activities, the former facilities were distributed in four different centers. Each center has adopted a different strategy and priority to face the D＆D problem. The available resources depend on the specific program in each area＇s development （resources available from other sources, not only from Brazilian National Nuclear Energy Commission （CNEN）. One of those new activities is the IPEN＇s Environmental Program. This paper describes the procedures, problems faced and results related to the reintegration of the former pilot plant areas as new laboratories of the Chemical and Environmental Technology Center-CQMA of the IPEN.

Altered expression of mitochondrial related genes in the native Tibetan placents by mitochondrial cDNA array analysis

Objective： To explore the mechanism of native Tibetan fetuses adaptation to hypoxia, we tried to find the different expression genes about mitochondrial function in the native Tibetan placents. Methods： In this study, the placents of native Tibetan and the high-altitude Hart （ha-Hart） were collected. After the total RNA extraction, the finally synthesized cDNAs were hybridized to mitochondrial array to find the altered expression genes between them. Then, the cytochrome c oxidase 17 （Coxl7）, dynactin 2 （DCTN2, also known as p50）, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor （VEGFR, also known as KDR） were chosen from the altered expression genes to further verify the array results using the SYBR Green real-time PCR. Because the altered expression genes （such as Cybb and Cox 17） in the array results related to the activities of COXI and COXIV, the placental mitochondria activities of COXI and COXIV were measured to find their changes in the hypoxia. Results： By a standard of≥1.5 or ≤0.67, there were 24 different expressed genes between the native Tibetan and the ha-Han placents, including 3 up-regulated genes and 21 down-regulated genes. These genes were related to energy metabolism, signal transduction, cell proliferation, electron transport, cell adhesion, nucleotide-excision repair. The array results of Cox17, DCTN2 and KDR were further verified by the real-time RT-PCR. Through the mitochondria respiration measurements, the activity of COXI in the native Tibetan placents were higher than that of ha-Han, there was no difference in COXIV activity between them. Conclusion： The altered mitochondrial related genes in the native Tibetan placents may have a role in the high altitude adaptation for fetuses through changing the activity of mitochondrial COX.

Performance evaluation of a modified step-feed anaerobic/anoxic/oxic process for organic and nutrient removal

A pilot scale modified step-feed process was lmproved to increase nutrient/N ano P） ano organic removal operations from municipal wastewater. It combined the step-feed process and a method named ＂University of Cape Town （UCT）＂. The effect of nutrient ratios and inflow distribution ratios were studied. The highest uptake efficiency of 95% for chemical oxygen demand （COD） has been achieved at the inflow distribution ratio of 40/35/25. However, maximum removal efficiency obtained for total nitrogen （TN） and phosphorus at 93% and 78%, respectively. The average mixed liquor suspended solids （MLSS） was 5500 mg·L- 1. In addition, convenient values for dissolved oxygen （DO） concentration, and pH were obtained throughout different stages. The proposed system was identified to be an appropriate enhanced biological nutrient removal process for wastewater treatment plants owing to relatively high nutrient removal, sturdy sludge settle ability and COD removal.

Protective effects of Rad23 protein on ultraviolet damage to HeLa cells

Protein Rad23, a nucleotide excision repair factor, mainly involves in repairing the DNA damage from environment, such as UV light. The function of Rad23 protein involved in DNA damage repair from many environmental factors has been studied extensively, but it is not clear from ultraviolet irradiation. To further investigate the photo-protective function of Rad23 protein on HeLa cells damaged from UV light irradiation, firstly, HeLa cells were irradiated by UV light and incubated with the fusion protein of pCold-Rad23, then the cell viability and apoptosis rate were detected by MTT and Hoechst33342/Pl fluorescent staining, respectively. The results show that the recombinant Rad23 protein can protect the HeLa cells from UV irradiation, and inhibit the apoptosis of HeLa cell by UV irradiation.

Generation of GGTA1 biallelic knockout pigs via zinc-finger nucleases and somatic cell nuclear transfer

Genetically modified pigs are valuable models of human disease and donors of xenotransplanted organs.Conventional gene targeting in pig somatic cells is extremely inefficient.Zinc-finger nuclease(ZFN)technology has been shown to be a powerful tool for efficiently inducing mutations in the genome.However,ZFN-mediated targeting in pigs has rarely been achieved.Here,we used ZFNs to knock out the porcineα-1,3-galactosyl-transferase(GGTA1)gene,which generates Gal epitopes that trigger hyperacute immune rejection in pig-to-human transplantation.Primary pig fibroblasts were transfected with ZFNs targeting the coding region of GGTA1.Eighteen mono-allelic and four biallelic knockout cell clones were obtained after drug selection with efficiencies of 23.4%and 5.2%,respectively.The biallelic cells were used to produce cloned pigs via somatic cell nuclear transfer(SCNT).Three GGTA1 null piglets were born,and one knockout primary fibroblast cell line was established from a cloned fetus.Gal epitopes on GGTA1 null pig cells were completely eliminated from the cell membrane.Functionally,GGTA1 knockout cells were protected from complement-mediated immune attacks when incubated with human serum.This study demonstrated that ZFN is an efficient tool in creating gene-modified pigs.GGTA1 null pigs and GGTA1 null fetal fibroblasts would benefit research and pig-to-human transplantation.

Gene editing nuclease and its application in tilapia

Gene editing nucleases including zinc-finger nucleases(ZFNs), transcription activator like effector nucleases(TALENs) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)–CRISPR-associated(Cas) system(CRISPR/Cas9) provide powerful tools that improve our ability to understand the physiological processes and their underlying mechanisms. To date, these approaches have already been widely used to generate knockout and knockin models in a large number of species. Fishes comprise nearly half of extant vertebrate species and provide excellent models for studying many aspects of biology. In this review, we present an overview of recent advances in the use of gene editing nucleases for studies of fish species. We focus particularly on the use of TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing for studying sex determination in tilapia.

Value of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculoma:53 cases analysis and review of literature

Tuberculoma of the lung is one of manifestations in tuberculosis and usually presents as a solitary pulmonary nodule(SPN).It is difficult to differentiate tuberculoma from SPN by other benign or malignant diseases.At present,the crucial role of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS) in diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary diseases has been well acknowledged.Here,we reported 53 patients undergoing VATS resection for tuberculomas in our series.No postoperative mortality was found and only two patients experienced prolonged air-leakage(>7 d) and two had minor wound infections that were recovered after anti-tuber-culosis or antibiotic treatment.Anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy from 6 to 12 months was routinely used postoperatively.We conclude that VATS is a satisfactory tool for the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculoma and can also establish a reliable diagnosis for all patients with SPNs.

Formation and repair of DNA-protein crosslink damage

DNA is constantly exposed to a wide array of genotoxic agents, generating a variety of forms of DNA damage. DNA-protein crosslinks(DPCs)—the covalent linkage of proteins with a DNA strand—are one of the most deleterious and understudied forms of DNA damage, posing as steric blockades to transcription and replication. If not properly repaired, these lesions can lead to mutations, genomic instability, and cell death. DPCs can be induced endogenously or through environmental carcinogens and chemotherapeutic agents. Endogenously, DPCs are commonly derived through reactions with aldehydes, as well as through trapping of various enzymatic intermediates onto the DNA. Proteolytic cleavage of the protein moiety of a DPC is a general strategy for removing the lesion. This can be accomplished through a DPC-specific protease and and/or proteasome-mediated degradation.Nucleotide excision repair and homologous recombination are each involved in repairing DPCs, with their respective roles likely dependent on the nature and size of the adduct. The Fanconi anemia pathway may also have a role in processing DPC repair intermediates. In this review, we discuss how these lesions are formed, strategies and mechanisms for their removal, and diseases associated with defective DPC repair.