糖厂锅炉补充给水除糖净化新工艺

本文介绍一种糖厂锅炉补充给水除糖净化新工艺,该工艺的核心技术就是采用一级反渗透系统处理二效汽凝水,去除二效汽凝水所含的糖分及其它有害杂质,保证其达到中压锅炉给水水质标准。该工艺在技术上是可靠的,在经济上是可行的,在节能减排方面效益是显著的。采用中压锅炉的糖厂,更应优先采用糖厂锅炉补充给水除糖净化新工艺,为糖厂在"技术创新"和"节能减排"方面起到良好的示范作用。

糖厂二效汽凝水回用锅炉的应用研究

糖厂以二效汽凝水取代原水回用锅炉是节能减排的重要措施,但含糖量过高的二效汽凝水回用锅炉后,将影响锅炉的正常使用。作者重点阐述了二效汽凝水水质与锅炉排污率的关系,推算出二效汽凝水含糖量的允许值,提出了中压锅炉回补二效汽凝水的除糖净化新工艺。为糖厂高效、安全运行锅炉提供依据。

里氏木霉木聚糖酶降解粗碱木质素中木聚糖的研究

研究用里氏木霉木聚糖酶降解粗碱木质素中的木聚糖,得出了适宜的酶解条件:pH值4.8、温度45℃、酶解时间4h。还探讨了固形物浓度和酶用量对除糖率的影响。结果表明,随着固形物浓度的增加,除糖率逐渐降低;木聚糖酶用量越大,除糖率越高。

新疆含糖棉的处理工艺及使用方法探讨

本文主要介绍新疆含糖棉的性能、除糖方法、处理工艺及对策，同时对新疆棉在纺 纱中的使用方法和关键技术进行探讨。

棉花消糖的生产实践与措施

本文论述了多糖棉的几种消糖方法,通过生产实践,比较了不同方法对消糖工艺及纺织工艺的影响,找到了适应处理含糖棉的GHM602消糖剂的最佳工艺条件,并采用了科学方法加以控制。,一、概述棉花是纺织工业主要原料和关系国计民生的重要商品。棉纤维的品质优劣对产品质量和经济效益有紧密关系和直接影响。对棉纺厂的纺纱工艺来说,在投入批量生产前,首先要对各种原棉的物理指标进行测试和分析,其中棉纤维的含糖高低,将直接影响产品质量和商品附加值,从而直接影响企业效益。

烟叶和烟草料液中氨基酸的直接检测及碳水化合物的去除

建立了高效阴离子交换色谱一积分脉冲安培法（HPAEC-IPAD）直接检测烟叶和烟草料液中氨基酸的方法。利用离线除糖的方法，去除烟叶和烟草料液中大量干扰糖类，包括葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖及麦芽低聚糖等。采用AminoPac PA10阴离子交换柱，以NaOH和NaAc的强碱性溶液为淋洗液，采用梯度洗脱，流速为0．25mL／min；积分脉冲安培法对氨基酸进行检测，回收率可达76％～105％。此方法可以有效的解决烟叶、烟草料液等含糖量高的样品中糖类化合物的干扰，对氨基酸实现灵敏、准确的定量分析。

Optimization of Protein Removal Method and Condition of Polysaccharide from Phellinus Linteus

[Objective] The research aimed at optimizing protein removal method and condition of polysaccharide extracts from Phellinus Linteus and comparing the effects of two methods on protein removal.[Method] Free proteins in polysaccharide from Phellinus Linteus were removed using Sevag method and TCA method.[Result] The TCA method was better than Sevag method,and the optimum protein removal condition was treated with 5% TCA for 30 min and for three times,under that condition,the protein removal rate attained 82% while the polysaccharide loss rate was only 10.8%.[Conclusion] The TCA method was a better way to remove proteins of polysaccharide from Phellinus Linteus.

Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal in Anaerobic/Aerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor Supplied with Glucose as Carbon Source

Phosphorus removal performance in an aerobic/aerobic sequencing batch reactor (SBR) supplied with glucose as carbon source was investigated. It was found that there was no phosphate release concomitant with the storing of poly-β-hydroxyalkanoate (PHA) during the anaerobic phase. Whereas, glycogen was soon built up followed by rapid consumption, at the same time, glucose was depleted rapidly. Based on the analysis of different fractions of phosphorus in activated sludge, the relative ratio of organically bound phosphorus in sludge changed at the end of anaerobic and aerobic phases. The ratios were 45.3% and 51.8% respectively. This showed that the polyphosphate broke down during the anaerobic phase to supply part of energy for PHA synthesis. The reason why there was no phosphate release might be the biosorption effect of extracellular exopolymers (EPS). It was also proved by the analysis of EPS with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The phosphorus weight percentage of EPS at the end of anaerobic phase was 9.22%.

Multiple Strategies for Metabolic Engineering of Escherichia coli for Efficient Production of Coenzyme Q_（10）

Escherichia coli BW25113 was metabolically engineered for CoQ10 production by replacing ispB with ddsA from Gluconobacter suboxydans.Effects of precursor balance and reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate （NADPH） availability on CoQ10 production in E.coli were investigated.The knockout of pykFA along with pck overexpression could maintain a balance between glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate,increasing CoQ10 production.Replacement of native NAD-dependent gapA with NADP-dependent gapC from Clostridium acetobutylicum,together with the overexpression of gapC,could increase NADPH availability and then enhanced CoQ10 production.Three effects,overexpressions of various genes in CoQ biosynthesis and central metabolism,different vectors and culture conditions on CoQ10 production in E.coli,were all investigated.The investigation of different vectors indicated that low copy number vector may be more beneficial for CoQ10 production in E.coli.The recombinant E.coli （△ispB：：ddsA,△pykFA and △gapA：：gapC）,harboring the two plasmids encoding pck,dxs,idi and ubiCA genes under the control of PT5 on pQE30,ispA,ddsA from Gluconobacter suboxydans and gapC from Clostridium acetobutylicum under the control of PBAD on pBAD33,could produce CoQ10 up to 3.24 mg·g-1 dry cell mass simply by changing medium from M9YG to SOB with phosphate salt and initial culture pH from 7.0 to 5.5.The yield is unprecedented and 1.33 times of the highest production so far in E.coli.

Second-line bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication and impact of diabetes

To investigate Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication rates using second-line bismuth-containing quadruple therapy and to identify predictors of eradication failure.METHODSThis study included 636 patients who failed first-line triple therapy and received 7 d of bismuth-containing quadruple therapy between January 2005 and December 2015. We retrospectively demonstrated H. pylori eradication rates with respect to the year of therapy as well as demographic and clinical factors. H. pylori eradication was confirmed by a 13C-urea breath test or a rapid urease test at least 4 wk after the completion of bismuth-based quadruple therapy: proton pump inhibitor, metronidazole, bismuth, and tetracycline.RESULTSThe overall eradication rates by intention-to-treat analysis and per-protocol analysis were 73.9% (95%CI: 70.1%-77.4%) and 94.5% (95%CI: 92.4%-96.5%), respectively. Annual eradication rates from 2005 to 2015 were 100.0%, 92.9%, 100.0%, 100.0%, 100.0%, 97.4%, 100.0%, 93.8%, 84.4%, 98.9%, and 92.5%, respectively, by per-protocol analysis. A multivariate analysis showed that diabetes mellitus (OR = 3.99, 95%CI: 1.56-10.20, P = 0.004) was associated with H. pylori eradication therapy failure.CONCLUSIONThe second-line bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for H. pylori infection is still effective in Korea, and diabetes mellitus is suggested to be a risk factor for eradication failure.

Removing Endotoxin from Protein Solution by Chitosan Modified Affinity Membrane

Affinity membrane was prepared with chitosan immobilized on the hydrophile- modified poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR.) analysis indicated that the contents of —NH2 and —OH groups increased and fluoride decreased on the membrane surface after modification. Using this kind of affinity membrane, the effects of operation parameters such as pH, ionic strength and flow rate, on the amount of endotoxin removed were investigated. The results showed that the equilibrium adsorption capacity and the dissociation constant of the affinity membrane to endotoxin were 21.4 EU·mg-1 membrane and 0.50EU·ml-1, respectively, at pH 7.0 and ionic strength 0.2 mol·L-1. Adsorption appeared to follow a typical Langmuir adsorption isotherm. At pH 5.0, ionic strength of 0.2 mol·L-1, the removal rate of endotoxin from BSA solution with the chitosan affinity membrane was up to 88.6% (11.50 EU·mg-1 membrane), and the recovery of BSA was 93.4% (0.187mg·mg-1 membrane), while at pH 11.0, ionic strength of 0.2mol·L-1, the removal rate of endotoxin from lysozyme solution was 72.4% (9.92EU·mg-1 membrane), and the recovery of lysozyme was 92.3% (0.104 mg·mg-1 membrane).

Tight glycemic control using an artificial endocrine pancreas may play an important role in preventing infection after pancreatic resection

It is well known that perioperative hyperglycemia is the main cause of infectious complications after surgery.To improve perioperative glycemic control,we wish to highlight and comment on an interesting paper published recently by the Annals of Surgery entitled:"Early postoperative hyperglycemia is associated with postoperative complications after pancreatoduodenectomy(PD)" by Eshuis et al.The authors concluded that early postoperative glucose levels more than 140 mg/dL was significantly associated with complications after PD.Since we recommend that perioperative tight glycemic control(TGC) is an effective method to prevent postoperative complications including surgical site infection after distal,proximal,and total pancreatic resection,we support strongly this conclusion drawn in this article.However,if early postoperative glucose control in patients undergoing PD was administrated by conventional method such as sliding scale approach as described in this article,it is difficult to maintain TGC.Therefore,we introduce a novel perioperative glycemic control using an artificial endocrine pancreas against pancreatogenic diabetes after pancreatic resection including PD.

Antioxidative Activity of Polysaccharide Fractions Isolated from Tricholoma Matsutake Sing. with Ultrafiltration

Polysaccharides of Tricholoma matsutake Sing. were extracted with boilingwater, followed by precipitating with ethanol. Two membranes of different molecular weight cut-off, namely, 30 kD and 10 kD were chosen with ultrafiltration. The antioxidant activity of the purification polysaccharides was evaluated by various antioxidant assay, including DPPH （l,l-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl） radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging and hydrogen peroxide scavenging. The scavenging effect on hydroxyl radical and DPPH radical, which may be comparable to Vitamin C, while the scavenging effect on superoxide anion radicals was not obvious.

Enzyme-like Activities of Algal Polysaccharide-Cerium Complexes

Water-soluble algal polysaccharides (APS) (alginic acid, fucoidan and laminaran) possess many pharmacological activities. The results of this study showed that the APS- Ce4+ complexes have some enzyme-like activities. Fucoidan and its complex with Ce4+ have activities similar to those of SOD. The activities of laminaran, alginic acid and their complexes are not measurable. The APS do not show measurable activities in the digestion of plasmid DNA. In contrast, the APS- Ce4+ complexes show these measurable activities under the comparable condition when APS bind Ce4+ and form homogenous solu-tions. The laminaran- Ce4+ complex shows the most obvious activity in the digestion of plasmid DNA, pNPP and chloropy-rifos under neutral conditions.

Removal of Cu(Ⅱ) from Aqueous Solution Using a Novel Crosslinked Alumina-Chitosan Hybrid Adsorbent

A novel biosorbent was developed by coating chitosan, a naturally and abundantly available biopolymer, on to activated alumina based on oil shale ash via crosslinking. The adsorbent was characterized by various techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scarming＇ elec.tron micros cop.y, the rmogravimetric-differentialthermal analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscope. Batch isothermal equilibrium adsorption experiments were condcted to evaluate the adsorbent for the removal of Cu（Ⅱ） from wastewater. The effect of pH and agitation time on the adsorption capacity was also investigated, indicating that the optimum pH was 6.0. The equilibrium adsorp-tion data were correlated with Langmuir and Freundlich models. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of chitosan coated alumina sorbent as obtained from Langmuir adsorption isotherm was fotmd to be 315.46 mg.g-1 for Cu（Ⅱ）. The adsorbent loaded with Cu（Ⅱ） was readily regenerated using 0.1 mol.L-1 sodium hydroxide solution. All these indicated that chitosan coated alumina adsorbent not only have high adsorption activity, but also had good stability in the wastewater treatment process.

Prognostic value of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography in resectable colorectal cancer

AIM:To assess the prognostic value of preoperative 18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography(FDG-PET)/computed tomography(CT) in patients with resectable colorectal cancer.METHODS:One hundred sixty-three patients with resectable colorectal cancer who underwent FDG-PET/CT before surgery were included.Patient data including pathologic stage at presentation,histology,treatment,disease-free survival and the maximum standardized uptake value(SUVmax) of the primary tumor on FDG-PET/CT were retrospectively analyzed.Median follow up duration was 756(range,419-1355).The primary end point was disease-free survival.RESULTS:Twenty-five of 163 patients(15.3%) had recurrences.The median SUVmax values of the recurrence and no-recurrence groups were 8.9(range,5-24) and 8.2(range,0-23,P = 0.998).Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis showed no significant association between SUVmax and recurrence(area under the curve = 0.5,P = 0.998,95% CI:0.389-0.611).Because a statistically significant value was not found,SUVmax was dichotomized at its median of 8.6.The disease-free survival curve was analyzed using the median SUVmax(8.6) as the cut off.Univariate and multivariate analysis did not provide evidence that disease-free survival rates for the subgroups defined by the median SUVmax were significantly different(P = 0.52,P = 0.25).CONCLUSION:Our study suggests that the high FDG uptake of primary mass in resectable colorectal cancer doesn't have a significant relationship with tumor recurrence and disease-free survival.

Preparation and characterization of eco-friendly poly(p-phenylenediamine) and its composite with chitosan for removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions

Poly(p-phenylenediamine)/chitosan (PPPDA/Chi) composite was prepared by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of p-phenylenediamine (PPPDA) into chitosan (Chi) using ammonium persulphate (APS) as an oxidant. PPPDA and PPPDA/Chi composite were characterized by FT-IR spectra and SEM before and after copper loading. In batch adsorption method, the maximum removal of copper was experienced when 1 g/L of PPPDA and PPPDA/Chi composite dosages were used at pH 5.0 for PPPDA and 6.0 for PPPDA/Chi composite for 360 min for both sorbents. PPPDA showed adsorption capacity qemax of 650 mg/g whereas its composite achieved qemax of 573 mg/g. The experimental data correlate well with the Freundlich isotherm equation and the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The Cu(II), loaded PPPDA and its composite can be efficiently reused for as many as four cycles. The Cu(II)-loaded sorbents showed high antibacterial efficiency against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria than their unloaded forms.