聚硅氧烷先驱体转化制备低成本Si-O-C陶瓷基复合材料

研究了廉价聚硅氧烷的交联与裂解情况 ,并以其为先驱体制备出Si O C陶瓷基复合材料。结果表明 ,在氯铂酸的催化下 ,聚硅氧烷与二乙烯基苯可以交联固化。当聚硅氧烷 二乙烯基苯摩尔比为 1∶0 5时 ,陶瓷产率达 6 0 5 2 %。经 6次浸渍 交联 裂解过程制备出碳纤维三维编织物增强陶瓷基复合材料 ,其密度达到1 5 9g cm3 ,弯曲强度达到 32 1MPa ,断裂韧性达到 9 38MPa·m1 2 。

超高温复相陶瓷基复合材料烧蚀行为研究

采用前驱体浸渍热解(PIP)工艺制备了ZrC-SiC、ZrB_(2)-ZrC-SiC和HfB_(2)-HfC-SiC复相陶瓷基复合材料,复合材料中的超高温陶瓷相均呈现出亚微米/纳米均匀弥散分布的特征,对比研究了上述材料在大气等离子和高温电弧风洞考核环境中的超高温烧蚀行为。研究结果表明,超高温复相陶瓷基复合材料相比传统的未改性SiC基复合材料,烧蚀后复合材料表面原位生成了固液两相致密氧化膜,两相协同作用实现了抗冲蚀和抗氧化的效果,对液相SiO_(2)的流失起到了阻碍作用,提升了材料的超高温烧蚀性能。在此基础上,提出了设计超高温复相陶瓷基复合材料应考虑的因素。上述研究结果对陶瓷基复合材料在超高温有限寿命领域的应用具有一定的指导意义。

Microstructure and ablation behavior of Zr-based ultra-high-temperature gradient composites

To obtain high-performance Zr-based ultra-high-temperature composites,Zr-based ultra-high-temperature gradient composites were prepared by changing the laying method of the infiltrant via reactive melt infiltration.The effects of different infiltrant laying methods on the microstructure and ablative properties of Zr-based ultrahigh-temperature gradient composites were investigated.The results showed that the gradient structure of the Zr-based ultrahigh-temperature gradient composites differed when the composition ratio of the infiltrant was changed.When the thicknesses of the Zr/Mo/Si layers were 6/4/12 mm and 8/2/12 mm,the SiMoZrC solid solution content in the samples increased and decreased along the infiltration direction,respectively.The gradient samples were ablated in an oxyacetylene flame at 3000°C for 40 s.The ablation resistance of the sample was the highest when the infiltrant was a powder and the thickness of the Zr/Mo/Si layer was 6/4/12 mm.

EFFECT OF FIBER FAILURE ON QUASI-STATIC UNLOADING/RELOADING HYSTERESIS LOOPS OF CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES

The two-parameter Weibull model is used to describe the fiber strength distribution.The stress carried by the intact and fracture fibers on the matrix crack plane during unloading/reloading is determined based on the global load sharing criterion.The axial stress distribution of intact fibers upon unloading and reloading is determined based on the mechanisms of fiber sliding relative to matrix in the interface debonded region.The interface debonded length,unloading interface counter slip length,and reloading interface new slip length are obtained by the fracture mechanics approach.The hysteresis loops corresponding to different stresses considering fiber failure are compared with the cases without considering fiber failure.The effects of fiber characteristic strength and fiber Weibull modulus on the fiber failure,the shape,and the area of the hysteresis loops are analyzed.The predicted quasi-static unloading/reloading hysteresis loops agree well with experimental data.

RESEARCH ON MATRIX CRACK EVOLUTION OF CROSS-PLY CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITE

The matrix crack evolution of cross-ply ceramic matrix composites under uniaxial tensile loading is investigated using the energy balance method.Under tensile loading,the cross-ply ceramic matrix composites have five damage modes.The cracking mode 3 contains transverse cracking,matrix cracking and fiber/matrix interface debonding.The cracking mode 5 only contains matrix cracking and fiber/matrix interface debonding.The cracking stress of modes 3 and 5 appearing between existing transverse cracks is determined.And the multiple matrix crack evolution of mode 3 is determined.The effects of ply thickness,fiber volume fraction,interface shear stress and interface debonding energy on the cracking stress and matrix crack evolution are analyzed.Results indicate that the cracking mode 3 is more likely to appear between transverse cracks for the SiC/CAS material.

Thermal properties of pressureless melt infiltrated AlN-Si-Al composites

Thermal properties of AlN-Si-Al composites produced by pressureless melt infiltration of Al/Al alloys into porous a-Si3N4 preforms were investigated in a temperature range of 50-300 °C. SEM and TEM investigations revealed that the grain size of AlN particles was less than 1 μm. In spite of sub-micron grain size, composites showed relatively high thermal conductivity （TC）, 55-107 W/（m·K）. The thermal expansion coefficient （CTE） of the composite produced with commercial Al source, which has the highest TC of 107 W/（m·K）, was 6.5×10-6 K-1. Despite the high CTE of Al （23.6×10-6 K-1）, composites revealed significantly low CTE through the formation of Si and AlN phases during the infiltration process.

Mechanical properties and plasma erosion resistance of BN_p/Al_2O_3-SiO_2 composite ceramics

BNp/Al2O3-SiO2 system ceramic matrix composites with different volume fractions （10%-60%） of hexagonal BN particulates （BNp） were prepared by hot-press sintering technique. Phase components, microstructure, mechanical properties and plasma erosion resistance were also investigated. With the increase of h-BNp content, relative density and Vickers＇ hardness of the composite ceramics decrease, while the flexural strength, elastic modulus and fracture toughness increase and then decrease. The plasma erosion resistance linearly deteriorated with the increase of BNp content which is mainly determined by the density, crystal structure and atomic number of the elements.

High-temperature thermal stability of C/C−ZrC−SiC composites via region labeling method

To investigate the thermal stability of ceramic-matrix composites,three kinds of C/C−ZrC−SiC composites with different Zr/Si molar ratios were synthesized by reactive melt infiltration.Employing region labeling method,the high-temperature thermal stability of the composites was systematically studied by changing the temperature and holding time of thermal treatment.Results show that the mass loss rate of low Si composites has a growth trend with increasing temperature,and a crystal transformation from β-SiC toα-SiC occurs in the composites.In the calibrated area,SiC phase experiences Ostwald ripening and volume change with location migration,while ZrC phase experiences a re-sintering process with diffusion.Moreover,it is found that increasing temperature has a more obvious effect on the thermal stability than extending holding time,which is mainly attributed to the faster diffusion rate of atoms.

Fabrication and plasma arc thermal shock resistance of HfB_2-based ultra high temperature ceramics

Two hafnium diboride based ceramic matrix composites containing 20% （volume fraction） SiC particle and with or without AIN as sintering additives were fabri,aated by hot-pressed sintering. The mechanical properties and microstructures of these two composites were tested and the thermal shock resistances were evaluated by plasma arc heater. The results indicate that the composite with A1N as sintering additive has a denser and finer microstructure than composite without sintering additive, and the mechanical properties, thermal shock resistance of the composite with A1N as sintering additive are also higher than those of the composite without A1N. Microstructure analysis on the cross-section of two composites after thermal shock tests indicates that a compact oxidation scale contains HfO2 and Al2O3 liquid phase is found on the surface of composite with A1N, which could fill the voids and cracks of surface and improve the thermal shock resistance of composite.

Processing and mechanical properties of network ceramic/steel composites by pressureless infiltration

A new style Ni-containing alumina ceramic foam based continuous three-dimensional interconnected skeleton was prepared by impregnating a polymeric sponge with aqueous ceramic slurry.Subsequently,alumina ceramic foam/steel metal matrix composites(MMCs) were prepared successfully by sand mold casting technique.The microstructure and mechanical properties of MMCs were investigated by SEM,EDS and compressive test.The results show that the depth of infiltration is about 40 μm to the bonding interface of ceramic/steel and the fracture strength σmax and plastic strain limit εp of composite are 520 MPa and 11.2%,respectively.The fretting wear mechanism of MMCs is mainly performed at the oxidative wear mode with lower load/friction frequency and the predominant oxidation wear together with slight adhesive wear and abrasive wear multiple mode with higher load/ friction frequency.Moreover,the infiltration bonding and continuous three-dimensional interconnected ceramic skeleton play a vital role in the stability of the bonding interface and excellent mechanical properties.

Characteristics of Cyanate Ester and Fluorenyl Epoxy-Based Polymer-Ceramic Composites

In the field of highly integrated printed circuit board （PCB）, the heat resistant substrate with low water absorption is very important material. To get the resin composition for the high functional substrate material with low moisture absorption and high glass transition temperature （Tg） simultaneously, a fluorenyl ＂Cardo＂ epoxy was incorporated into novolac cyanate ester resin. As an optimum curing agent for the fiuorenyl epoxy, methyl nadic anhydride （MNA） was selected. Silica powders as fillers were added into the resin composition. The partial replacement of the cyanate ester resin with the fluorenyl epoxy could reduce the moisture absorption with keeping high glass transition temperature over 300 ℃. The laminate, which was fabricated from prepregs made with 40 wt% silica-filled resin composition and glass fabric, showed high Tg of 317 ℃ and low moisture absorption of 0.57%.