空间采样对陷落柱探测的影响分析

探讨了空间采样与分辨率的关系,并利用对地震数学理论模型正演模拟方法,研究了不同尺寸陷落柱模型在不同空间采样密度下的响应特征,分析了高密度空间采样在查明陷落柱方面可能达到的精度及技术优势,并以山东某采区高密度三维地震勘探为例,分析了高密度地震勘探在陷落柱探测方面的应用效果。

Theoretical analysis on water-inrush mechanism of concealed collapse pillars in floor

In order to study the water-inrush mechanism of concealed collapse pillars from the mechanical view, a mechanical model for water-inrush of collapse pillars has been established based on thick plate theory of elastic mechanics in this paper.By solving this model the deformation of water-resistant rock strata under the action of water pressure and the expression of critical water pressure for collapse pillar waterinrush have been obtained The research results indicate that：the boundary conditions and strength of water-resistant strata play important roles in influencing water-inrush of collapse pillars.The critical water-inrush pressure is determined by both relative thickness and absolute thickness of water-resistant strata.

水溶开采盐矿大面积突然沉陷模型与致灾机理

近年来,水溶开采盐矿地表大面积突然沉陷事故屡有发生,引起社会广泛关注。资料表明,上覆岩层在短时间内大面积突然垮塌、塌陷坑轮廓近似为圆形、地表冲出数米高水柱等是事故共同特征。为此,本文构建了2种沉陷模型,分别为上覆岩层整体沉陷的陷落柱模型和松散沉积物沿着通道流入溶腔的漏斗模型。模型参数分析和典型案例表明:1)溶腔内卤水对覆岩底部的浮托力、陷落柱的高度和半径大小、覆岩的岩性和结构等是陷落柱型沉陷发生与否的主要因素;2)联通通道尺寸和地表含水沙土层厚度对漏斗型沉陷的速度和规模具有重要影响;3)卤水顶蚀作用下覆岩的逐层垮塌、关键层的阻隔和卤水压力的突然丢失是沉陷发生的另外几个重要因素。最后,制定了溶腔上部预留盐岩保留层、保持井管密闭性以及严格控制顶板尺寸等预防措施,并给出了预警地表沉陷的几个关键时刻点。