AIM:To evaluate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy(LDP) compared with open distal pancreatectomy(ODP).METHODS:Meta-analysis was performed using the databases,including PubMed,the Cochrane...AIM:To evaluate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy(LDP) compared with open distal pancreatectomy(ODP).METHODS:Meta-analysis was performed using the databases,including PubMed,the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,Web of Science and BIOSIS Previews.Articles should contain quantitative data of the comparison of LDP and ODP.Each article was reviewed by two authors.Indices of operative time,spleen-preserving rate,time to fluid intake,ratio of malignant tumors,postoperative hospital stay,incidence rate of pancreatic fistula and overall morbidity rate were analyzed.RESULTS:Nine articles with 1341 patients who underwent pancreatectomy met the inclusion criteria.LDP was performed in 501(37.4%) patients,while ODP was performed in 840(62.6%) patients.There were significant differences in the operative time,time to fluid intake,postoperative hospital stay and spleen-preserving rate between LDP and ODP.There was no difference between the two groups in pancreatic fistula rate [random effects model,risk ratio(RR) 0.996(0.663,1.494),P = 0.983,I2 = 28.4%] and overall morbidity rate [random effects model,RR 0.81(0.596,1.101),P = 0.178,I2 = 55.6%].CONCLUSION:LDP has the advantages of shorter hospital stay and operative time,more rapid recovery and higher spleen-preserving rate as compared with ODP.展开更多
Background Telehealth interventions （THI） were associated with lower levels of cardiovascular risk factors in adults, whereas the effect of THI on cardiovascular disease （CVD） still remains controversial. A meta-a...Background Telehealth interventions （THI） were associated with lower levels of cardiovascular risk factors in adults, whereas the effect of THI on cardiovascular disease （CVD） still remains controversial. A meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the evidence from randomized controlled trials （RCT） which investigated potential impact of THI on the incidence of CVD in patients with or without prior CVD. Methods PubMed, EmBase, and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify RCTs to fit our analysis through December 2016. Relative risk （RR） with its 95% confidence interval （CI） was used to measure the effect of THI using a random-effect model. Sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, heterogeneity tests, and tests for publication bias were also conducted. Results Eight RCTs were included and with a total of 1635 individuals. The summarized results indicated that participants who received THI showed a significant reduction of the CVD incidence as compared with usual care （RR： 0.59; 95% CI： 0.47-0.74; P 〈 0.001）. Furthermore, the effect of THI was greater in patients with history ofCVD （RR： 0.55; 95% CI： 0.44-0.70; P 〈 0.001） than in patients without history ofCVD （RR： 0.99; 95% CI： 0.51-1.94; P = 0.977）. Sensitivity analysis suggested that the intervention effect persisted and the conclusion was not changed. Subgroup analysis indi- cated mean age, study quality might play an important role on the risk of CVD. Conclusions The findings of this study indicated THI could reduce the recurrence of CVD. Further large-scale trials are needed to verify the effect of THI on CVD in healthy individuals.展开更多
Purpose： To summarize the approach-avoidance achievement goal and performance in the sport psychology literature.Methods： A total of 17 published studies, two of which provided two samples, were located. Accepted me...Purpose： To summarize the approach-avoidance achievement goal and performance in the sport psychology literature.Methods： A total of 17 published studies, two of which provided two samples, were located. Accepted meta-analytic procedures were used with Hedges g as the effect size metric. From the 17 studies, 73 effect sizes were calculated.Results： Results based on a random effects model indicated that the performance goal contrast had the largest facilitative impact on performance followed by the mastery and performance approach goals. Both of the avoidance goals performance and mastery had small non-significant and detrimental effects on performance. The homogeneity statistics revealed significant heterogeneity for the approach and avoidance performance goals. Categorical moderator variables were examined for study sex composition（male, female, or mixed）, mean age of sample（〈18 years or 18 years）, study setting（lab or naturalistic）, and nature of performance variable（objective or subjective）.Conclusion： The performance goal contrast holds value for sport performance research. Contrary to approach-avoidance predictions, the mastery-approach goal and performance effect size was significant and of equal magnitude as the performance approach goal and performance effect size. Thus, future research should closely test the efficacy of both the mastery- and performance contrasts in impacting performance of sport tasks. Last, the significant effect sizes reported in this review are in stark contrast to contemporary meta-analytic findings in education.Differences in the approach-avoidance goals in sport and education relative to performance should be researched further.展开更多
Objective： Stent placement is one of the main methods in the palliative treatment of malignant biliary obstruc- tion, including plastic and self-expandable metal stents. The comparison of stent patency between self-e...Objective： Stent placement is one of the main methods in the palliative treatment of malignant biliary obstruc- tion, including plastic and self-expandable metal stents. The comparison of stent patency between self-expandable metal and plastic stents in palliation of malignant biliary obstruction is meaningful. We carried out a meta-analysis to summarize current evidence for clinical efficacy of self-expandable metal and plastic stents in the treatment of malignant biliary obstruc- tion. Methods： A comprehensive search of several databases including CNKI, Wanfang Data, Sino MED. A fixed-effects or random-effects model was used to pool data of aU study endpoint. Sensitivity analysis was also performed. Results： Eight randomized clinical trials were identified, including 633 patients. These results suggested that the self-expandable metal stents were associated with a significantly longer stent patency （OR = 8.15; 95% CI： 2.80-23.76; 12 = 85%）. No publication bias was observed. Conclusion： Self-expanding metal stents have a longer patency than plastic stents and offer adequate palliation in patients with malignant bUiary obstruction.展开更多
The method of matrix continued fraction is used to investigate stochastic resonance (SR) in the biasedsubdiffusive Smoluchowski system within linear response range.Numerical results of linear dynamic susceptibility an...The method of matrix continued fraction is used to investigate stochastic resonance (SR) in the biasedsubdiffusive Smoluchowski system within linear response range.Numerical results of linear dynamic susceptibility andspectral amplification factor are presented and discussed in two-well potential and mono-well potential with differentsubdiffusion exponents.Following our observation,the introduction of a bias in the potential weakens the SR effect inthe subdiffusive system just as in the normal diffusive case.Our observation also discloses that the subdiffusion inhibitsthe low-frequency SR,but it enhances the high-frequency SR in the biased Smoluchowski system,which should reflect a'flattening' influence of the subdiffusion on the linear susceptibility.展开更多
AIM: To characterize the efficacy of rifaximin in the management of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) as several randomized controlled studies have shown contradictory results on its effectiveness in comparison to other ora...AIM: To characterize the efficacy of rifaximin in the management of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) as several randomized controlled studies have shown contradictory results on its effectiveness in comparison to other oral agents. METHODS: We performed a systematic review and random effects meta-analysis of all eligible trials identifi ed through electronic and manual searches. Twelve randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria with a total of 565 patients. RESULTS: The clinical effectiveness of rifaximin was equivalent to disaccharides or other oral antibiotics[odds ratio (OR) 0.96; 95% CI: 0.94-4.08] but with a better safety profi le (OR 0.27; 95% CI: 0.12-0.59). At the completion of treatment protocols, patients receiving rifaximin showed lower serum ammonia levels [weighted mean difference (WMD) = -10.65; 95% CI: -23.4-2.1; P = 0.10], better mental status (WMD = -0.24; 95% CI: -0.57-0.08; P = 0.15) and less asterixis (WMD -0.1; 95% CI -0.26-0.07; P = 0.25) without reaching statistical signifi cance. On the other hand, other psychometric outcomes such as electroencephalographic response and grades of portosystemic encephalopathy were superior in patients treated with rifaximin in comparison to the control group (WMD = 0.21, 95% CI: -0.33-0.09, P = 0.0004; and WMD = -2.33, 95% CI: -2.68-1.98, P = 0.00001, respectively). Subgroup and sensitivity analysis did not show any signifi cant difference in the above fi ndings. CONCLUSION: Rifaximin appears to be at least as effective as other conventional oral agents for the treatment of HE with a better safety profi le.展开更多
基金Supported by The key project grant from the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province,No.2011C13036-2
文摘AIM:To evaluate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy(LDP) compared with open distal pancreatectomy(ODP).METHODS:Meta-analysis was performed using the databases,including PubMed,the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,Web of Science and BIOSIS Previews.Articles should contain quantitative data of the comparison of LDP and ODP.Each article was reviewed by two authors.Indices of operative time,spleen-preserving rate,time to fluid intake,ratio of malignant tumors,postoperative hospital stay,incidence rate of pancreatic fistula and overall morbidity rate were analyzed.RESULTS:Nine articles with 1341 patients who underwent pancreatectomy met the inclusion criteria.LDP was performed in 501(37.4%) patients,while ODP was performed in 840(62.6%) patients.There were significant differences in the operative time,time to fluid intake,postoperative hospital stay and spleen-preserving rate between LDP and ODP.There was no difference between the two groups in pancreatic fistula rate [random effects model,risk ratio(RR) 0.996(0.663,1.494),P = 0.983,I2 = 28.4%] and overall morbidity rate [random effects model,RR 0.81(0.596,1.101),P = 0.178,I2 = 55.6%].CONCLUSION:LDP has the advantages of shorter hospital stay and operative time,more rapid recovery and higher spleen-preserving rate as compared with ODP.
文摘Background Telehealth interventions （THI） were associated with lower levels of cardiovascular risk factors in adults, whereas the effect of THI on cardiovascular disease （CVD） still remains controversial. A meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the evidence from randomized controlled trials （RCT） which investigated potential impact of THI on the incidence of CVD in patients with or without prior CVD. Methods PubMed, EmBase, and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify RCTs to fit our analysis through December 2016. Relative risk （RR） with its 95% confidence interval （CI） was used to measure the effect of THI using a random-effect model. Sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, heterogeneity tests, and tests for publication bias were also conducted. Results Eight RCTs were included and with a total of 1635 individuals. The summarized results indicated that participants who received THI showed a significant reduction of the CVD incidence as compared with usual care （RR： 0.59; 95% CI： 0.47-0.74; P 〈 0.001）. Furthermore, the effect of THI was greater in patients with history ofCVD （RR： 0.55; 95% CI： 0.44-0.70; P 〈 0.001） than in patients without history ofCVD （RR： 0.99; 95% CI： 0.51-1.94; P = 0.977）. Sensitivity analysis suggested that the intervention effect persisted and the conclusion was not changed. Subgroup analysis indi- cated mean age, study quality might play an important role on the risk of CVD. Conclusions The findings of this study indicated THI could reduce the recurrence of CVD. Further large-scale trials are needed to verify the effect of THI on CVD in healthy individuals.
文摘Purpose： To summarize the approach-avoidance achievement goal and performance in the sport psychology literature.Methods： A total of 17 published studies, two of which provided two samples, were located. Accepted meta-analytic procedures were used with Hedges g as the effect size metric. From the 17 studies, 73 effect sizes were calculated.Results： Results based on a random effects model indicated that the performance goal contrast had the largest facilitative impact on performance followed by the mastery and performance approach goals. Both of the avoidance goals performance and mastery had small non-significant and detrimental effects on performance. The homogeneity statistics revealed significant heterogeneity for the approach and avoidance performance goals. Categorical moderator variables were examined for study sex composition（male, female, or mixed）, mean age of sample（〈18 years or 18 years）, study setting（lab or naturalistic）, and nature of performance variable（objective or subjective）.Conclusion： The performance goal contrast holds value for sport performance research. Contrary to approach-avoidance predictions, the mastery-approach goal and performance effect size was significant and of equal magnitude as the performance approach goal and performance effect size. Thus, future research should closely test the efficacy of both the mastery- and performance contrasts in impacting performance of sport tasks. Last, the significant effect sizes reported in this review are in stark contrast to contemporary meta-analytic findings in education.Differences in the approach-avoidance goals in sport and education relative to performance should be researched further.
文摘Objective： Stent placement is one of the main methods in the palliative treatment of malignant biliary obstruc- tion, including plastic and self-expandable metal stents. The comparison of stent patency between self-expandable metal and plastic stents in palliation of malignant biliary obstruction is meaningful. We carried out a meta-analysis to summarize current evidence for clinical efficacy of self-expandable metal and plastic stents in the treatment of malignant biliary obstruc- tion. Methods： A comprehensive search of several databases including CNKI, Wanfang Data, Sino MED. A fixed-effects or random-effects model was used to pool data of aU study endpoint. Sensitivity analysis was also performed. Results： Eight randomized clinical trials were identified, including 633 patients. These results suggested that the self-expandable metal stents were associated with a significantly longer stent patency （OR = 8.15; 95% CI： 2.80-23.76; 12 = 85%）. No publication bias was observed. Conclusion： Self-expanding metal stents have a longer patency than plastic stents and offer adequate palliation in patients with malignant bUiary obstruction.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.10602041 and 10972170
文摘The method of matrix continued fraction is used to investigate stochastic resonance (SR) in the biasedsubdiffusive Smoluchowski system within linear response range.Numerical results of linear dynamic susceptibility andspectral amplification factor are presented and discussed in two-well potential and mono-well potential with differentsubdiffusion exponents.Following our observation,the introduction of a bias in the potential weakens the SR effect inthe subdiffusive system just as in the normal diffusive case.Our observation also discloses that the subdiffusion inhibitsthe low-frequency SR,but it enhances the high-frequency SR in the biased Smoluchowski system,which should reflect a'flattening' influence of the subdiffusion on the linear susceptibility.
文摘AIM: To characterize the efficacy of rifaximin in the management of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) as several randomized controlled studies have shown contradictory results on its effectiveness in comparison to other oral agents. METHODS: We performed a systematic review and random effects meta-analysis of all eligible trials identifi ed through electronic and manual searches. Twelve randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria with a total of 565 patients. RESULTS: The clinical effectiveness of rifaximin was equivalent to disaccharides or other oral antibiotics[odds ratio (OR) 0.96; 95% CI: 0.94-4.08] but with a better safety profi le (OR 0.27; 95% CI: 0.12-0.59). At the completion of treatment protocols, patients receiving rifaximin showed lower serum ammonia levels [weighted mean difference (WMD) = -10.65; 95% CI: -23.4-2.1; P = 0.10], better mental status (WMD = -0.24; 95% CI: -0.57-0.08; P = 0.15) and less asterixis (WMD -0.1; 95% CI -0.26-0.07; P = 0.25) without reaching statistical signifi cance. On the other hand, other psychometric outcomes such as electroencephalographic response and grades of portosystemic encephalopathy were superior in patients treated with rifaximin in comparison to the control group (WMD = 0.21, 95% CI: -0.33-0.09, P = 0.0004; and WMD = -2.33, 95% CI: -2.68-1.98, P = 0.00001, respectively). Subgroup and sensitivity analysis did not show any signifi cant difference in the above fi ndings. CONCLUSION: Rifaximin appears to be at least as effective as other conventional oral agents for the treatment of HE with a better safety profi le.
