模式中常应用水平扩散项以抑制非线性计算不稳定或阻尼虚假短波,但这会导致数值模式在截断尺度附近出现小尺度动能过度耗散。为了将被过度耗散的小尺度动能补偿回模式,将随机动能后向散射扰动方法(stochastic kinetic energy backscatte...模式中常应用水平扩散项以抑制非线性计算不稳定或阻尼虚假短波,但这会导致数值模式在截断尺度附近出现小尺度动能过度耗散。为了将被过度耗散的小尺度动能补偿回模式,将随机动能后向散射扰动方法(stochastic kinetic energy backscatter,SKEB)引入CMA-REPS区域集合预报系统。首先基于由一阶自回归随机过程在水平方向上进行球谐函数展开得到的随机型,然后计算由数值扩散方案引起的局地动能耗散率,进而构造随机流函数强迫,并将其转化为水平风速扰动,对耗散的动能进行随机补偿。开展了2018年9月、10月(选取1日、7日、13日、19日、25日)的10 d集合预报随机型时间及空间尺度敏感性试验,并对试验结果进行评估。获得如下结论:在CMA-REPS区域集合预报中应用SKEB方案,可在一定程度上补偿过度耗散的小尺度动能,进而改善了模式对实际大气动能谱的模拟能力。就集合预报技巧改进而言,SKEB方案可以显著改善区域模式水平风场U、V的离散度,同时水平风场、温度等要素连续分级概率评分(CRPS)和离群值评分均获得改善。对SKEB方案开展的6个时间尺度(失相关时间尺度τ选取1、3、6、9、12、15 h)和6个空间相关尺度(最大截断波数L_(max)选取80、100、120、160、200、240)敏感性试验结果表明,12 h失相关时间尺度和最大截断波数为240空间相关尺度的集合概率预报技巧更优。结论证明SKEB方案可以补偿在截断尺度耗散的小尺度动能,有效提高集合预报技巧。展开更多
Split Hopkinson pressure bar（SHPB） apparatus, usually used for testing behavior of material in median and high strain-rate, is now widely used in the study of rock dynamic constitutive relation, damage evolvement me...Split Hopkinson pressure bar（SHPB） apparatus, usually used for testing behavior of material in median and high strain-rate, is now widely used in the study of rock dynamic constitutive relation, damage evolvement mechanism and energy consumption. However, the possible reasons of sampling disturbance, machining error and so on often lead to the scattering of test results, and bring ultimate difficulty for forming general test conclusion. Based on the stochastic finite element method, the uncertain parameters of specimen density ps, specimen radius Rs, specimen elastic modulus Es and specimen length Ls in the data processing of SHPB test were considered, and the correlation between the parameters and the test results was analyzed. The results show that the specimen radius Rs has direct correlation with the test result, improving the accuracy in preparing and measuring of specimen is an effective way to improve the accuracy of test and minish the scattering of results for SHPB test.展开更多
基金Projects(50490274, 50534030) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject supported by the Natural Science Foundatin of Hunan Province, China
文摘Split Hopkinson pressure bar（SHPB） apparatus, usually used for testing behavior of material in median and high strain-rate, is now widely used in the study of rock dynamic constitutive relation, damage evolvement mechanism and energy consumption. However, the possible reasons of sampling disturbance, machining error and so on often lead to the scattering of test results, and bring ultimate difficulty for forming general test conclusion. Based on the stochastic finite element method, the uncertain parameters of specimen density ps, specimen radius Rs, specimen elastic modulus Es and specimen length Ls in the data processing of SHPB test were considered, and the correlation between the parameters and the test results was analyzed. The results show that the specimen radius Rs has direct correlation with the test result, improving the accuracy in preparing and measuring of specimen is an effective way to improve the accuracy of test and minish the scattering of results for SHPB test.
