The pre-determination of the effect of earthquake in subsurface structures is gaining importance increasingly. One of the main factors in determination of the damages due to earthquakes in subsurface structures, espec...The pre-determination of the effect of earthquake in subsurface structures is gaining importance increasingly. One of the main factors in determination of the damages due to earthquakes in subsurface structures, especially tunnels are horizontal acceleration value. The aim of the study is to put forward the scale of damage due to earthquake in a wastewater tunnel in Istanbul, the most populated city of Turkey, under construction. Possible damage caused by earthquake will be determined by utilizing the information about the route of the wastewater tunnel analyzed in the study.展开更多
We report on the preparation and superconductivity of metastable γ-Ga islands on Si(111) substrate. The Ga grows in a typical Volmer-Weber mode at a low temperature of 110 K, resulting in formation of Ga nanoislands ...We report on the preparation and superconductivity of metastable γ-Ga islands on Si(111) substrate. The Ga grows in a typical Volmer-Weber mode at a low temperature of 110 K, resulting in formation of Ga nanoislands at various sizes with the identical γ-phase. In-situ low temperature scanning tunneling spectra reveal quantized electronic states in ultrathin Ga islands. It is found that both the lateral size and thickness of the Ga islands strongly suppress the superconductivity. Due to substantial surface energy contribution, the transition temperature Tc scales inversely with the island thickness and the minimum thickness for the occurrence of superconductivity is calculated to be two monolayers.展开更多
文摘The pre-determination of the effect of earthquake in subsurface structures is gaining importance increasingly. One of the main factors in determination of the damages due to earthquakes in subsurface structures, especially tunnels are horizontal acceleration value. The aim of the study is to put forward the scale of damage due to earthquake in a wastewater tunnel in Istanbul, the most populated city of Turkey, under construction. Possible damage caused by earthquake will be determined by utilizing the information about the route of the wastewater tunnel analyzed in the study.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11374336)
文摘We report on the preparation and superconductivity of metastable γ-Ga islands on Si(111) substrate. The Ga grows in a typical Volmer-Weber mode at a low temperature of 110 K, resulting in formation of Ga nanoislands at various sizes with the identical γ-phase. In-situ low temperature scanning tunneling spectra reveal quantized electronic states in ultrathin Ga islands. It is found that both the lateral size and thickness of the Ga islands strongly suppress the superconductivity. Due to substantial surface energy contribution, the transition temperature Tc scales inversely with the island thickness and the minimum thickness for the occurrence of superconductivity is calculated to be two monolayers.
