In order to utilize integrated passive technology in printed circuit boards （PCBs）, manufacturing processing for integrated resistors by lamination method was investigated. Integrated resistors fabricated from Ohmeg...In order to utilize integrated passive technology in printed circuit boards （PCBs）, manufacturing processing for integrated resistors by lamination method was investigated. Integrated resistors fabricated from Ohmega technologies in the experiment were 1 408 pieces per panel with four different patterns A, B, C and D and four resistance values of 25, 50, 75 and 100 fL Six panel per batch and four batches were performed totally. The testing was done for 960 pieces of integrated resistors randomly selected with the same size. The value distribution ranges and the relative standard deviation （RSD） show that the scatter degree of the resistance decreases with the resistor size increasing and/or with the resistance increasing. Patterns D with resistance of 75 and 100% for four patterns have the resistance value variances less than 10%. Patterns C and D with resistance of 100 Ω have the manufacturing tolerance less than 10%. The process capabilities are from about 0.6 to 1.6 for the designed testing patterns, which shows that the integrated resistors fabricated have the potential to be used in multilayer PCBs in the future.展开更多
Physical methods show great potential and advantages on comprehensive reutilization of waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) because of lower investment and operation cost, higher efficiency and environment friendliness...Physical methods show great potential and advantages on comprehensive reutilization of waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) because of lower investment and operation cost, higher efficiency and environment friendliness. However, metals contained in fine fraction of PCBs cannot be recovered effectively by conventional equipments such as high tension electrostatic separator or shaking table. In the paper, this conundrum was resolved successfully with the enhanced Falcon SB concentrator. The separation mechanism of Falcon SB concentrator was analyzed and main factors affecting separation efficiency such as magnitude of rotation frequency of bowl, water counter pressure and slurry concentration of feed were studied and interaction of factors above also were investigated using Design-Expert software. Experiment results show that complete liberation degree and great difference of density between metals and nonmetals are suitable to recover metals from -74 μm PCBs using enhanced Falcon SB concentrator and 80.77 % integration efficiency can be achieved when slurry concentration of feed is 40 g/L with the water counter pressure of 0.01 MPa and rotation frequency of 50 Hz.展开更多
Background Given the increasing number of patients who require dual antiplatelet （DAP） therapy and electrophysiological device （EPD） placement, perioperative antiplatelet management is a current challenge. In this...Background Given the increasing number of patients who require dual antiplatelet （DAP） therapy and electrophysiological device （EPD） placement, perioperative antiplatelet management is a current challenge. In this study, we investigated the incidence of pocket hema-toma formation after EPD placement in patients undergoing DAP therapy or an alternative low-molecular-weight heparin （LMWH） regimen. Methods This clinical observational study was performed from July 2010 to July 2012. In total, 171 patients were enrolled in the analysis after meeting the inclusion criteria. These patients were divided into two groups： 86 patients were treated with DAP therapy at the time of device implantation, and the DAP therapy was discontinued for 5 to 7 days and replaced with enoxaparin before device implantation in the other 85 patients. Adenosine phosphate （ADP）-mediated platelet aggregation and arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation were tested preoperatively. We compared the incidence of pocket hematoma between the two groups and the association of pocket hematoma develop-ment with ADP-mediated platelet aggregation and arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation.Results The incidence of pocket hema-toma in the patients who continued DAP was lower than that in the patients who replaced the dual antiplatelet regimen with LMWH （3.49%vs. 16.47%, respectively;X2 = 6.66,P 〈 0.01）. Among the patients who continued DAP therapies, the rate of ADP-mediated platelet aggre-gation inhibition in patients with pocket hematomas was higher than that in patients without pocket hematomas. None of the patients under-going DAP or enoxaparin therapy developed pocket infection, thromboembolic events, or other serious complications. Multiple logistic re-gression analysis revealed that LMWH therapy was an independent risk factor for the development of pocket hematoma （RR = 0.054, 95%CI = 0.012-0.251）. Furthermore, patients undergoing LMWH therapy were 5.1-fold more likely to develop pocket hematomas than were DAP-treated individuals.Conclusion Continuance of DAP therapy does not increase the risk of pocket hematoma formation after EPD placement.展开更多
基金Project(041010) supported by Start-Up Foundation of Northwest University,ChinaProject(UIT/39) supported by University-Industry Collaboration Program from the Innovation and Technology Fund of Hong Kong,China
文摘In order to utilize integrated passive technology in printed circuit boards （PCBs）, manufacturing processing for integrated resistors by lamination method was investigated. Integrated resistors fabricated from Ohmega technologies in the experiment were 1 408 pieces per panel with four different patterns A, B, C and D and four resistance values of 25, 50, 75 and 100 fL Six panel per batch and four batches were performed totally. The testing was done for 960 pieces of integrated resistors randomly selected with the same size. The value distribution ranges and the relative standard deviation （RSD） show that the scatter degree of the resistance decreases with the resistor size increasing and/or with the resistance increasing. Patterns D with resistance of 75 and 100% for four patterns have the resistance value variances less than 10%. Patterns C and D with resistance of 100 Ω have the manufacturing tolerance less than 10%. The process capabilities are from about 0.6 to 1.6 for the designed testing patterns, which shows that the integrated resistors fabricated have the potential to be used in multilayer PCBs in the future.
基金Project 200360290015 supported by the Doctoral Program of Higher Education, China Ministry of Education
文摘Physical methods show great potential and advantages on comprehensive reutilization of waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) because of lower investment and operation cost, higher efficiency and environment friendliness. However, metals contained in fine fraction of PCBs cannot be recovered effectively by conventional equipments such as high tension electrostatic separator or shaking table. In the paper, this conundrum was resolved successfully with the enhanced Falcon SB concentrator. The separation mechanism of Falcon SB concentrator was analyzed and main factors affecting separation efficiency such as magnitude of rotation frequency of bowl, water counter pressure and slurry concentration of feed were studied and interaction of factors above also were investigated using Design-Expert software. Experiment results show that complete liberation degree and great difference of density between metals and nonmetals are suitable to recover metals from -74 μm PCBs using enhanced Falcon SB concentrator and 80.77 % integration efficiency can be achieved when slurry concentration of feed is 40 g/L with the water counter pressure of 0.01 MPa and rotation frequency of 50 Hz.
文摘Background Given the increasing number of patients who require dual antiplatelet （DAP） therapy and electrophysiological device （EPD） placement, perioperative antiplatelet management is a current challenge. In this study, we investigated the incidence of pocket hema-toma formation after EPD placement in patients undergoing DAP therapy or an alternative low-molecular-weight heparin （LMWH） regimen. Methods This clinical observational study was performed from July 2010 to July 2012. In total, 171 patients were enrolled in the analysis after meeting the inclusion criteria. These patients were divided into two groups： 86 patients were treated with DAP therapy at the time of device implantation, and the DAP therapy was discontinued for 5 to 7 days and replaced with enoxaparin before device implantation in the other 85 patients. Adenosine phosphate （ADP）-mediated platelet aggregation and arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation were tested preoperatively. We compared the incidence of pocket hematoma between the two groups and the association of pocket hematoma develop-ment with ADP-mediated platelet aggregation and arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation.Results The incidence of pocket hema-toma in the patients who continued DAP was lower than that in the patients who replaced the dual antiplatelet regimen with LMWH （3.49%vs. 16.47%, respectively;X2 = 6.66,P 〈 0.01）. Among the patients who continued DAP therapies, the rate of ADP-mediated platelet aggre-gation inhibition in patients with pocket hematomas was higher than that in patients without pocket hematomas. None of the patients under-going DAP or enoxaparin therapy developed pocket infection, thromboembolic events, or other serious complications. Multiple logistic re-gression analysis revealed that LMWH therapy was an independent risk factor for the development of pocket hematoma （RR = 0.054, 95%CI = 0.012-0.251）. Furthermore, patients undergoing LMWH therapy were 5.1-fold more likely to develop pocket hematomas than were DAP-treated individuals.Conclusion Continuance of DAP therapy does not increase the risk of pocket hematoma formation after EPD placement.
