规划理论的非集计分析方法及其应用

本文就非集计分析方法进行了讨论，通过对一种基本模型──Ｌｏｇｉｔ模型的分析，探讨了模型的基本概念、标定及检验、模型应用等问题，并应用两项Ｌｏｇｉｔ模型简单分析了大连轻轨交通在未来客运结构中的作用。

ETC系统收费费率折扣优化方法

为制定合适的费率折扣,合理使用和推广不停车收费(ElectronicTollCollection,ETC)技术,利用非集计方法分别对费率折扣与ETC技术选择概率、系统平均延误以及系统成本增量与效益增量之比的关系进行了分析.在此基础上,分别建立了以系统平均延误最小和系统成本增量与效益增量之比最小为目标的费率折扣优化模型,并提出了一种采用黄金分割法的优化算法,由此可计算得到给定车道配置情况下的最佳费率折扣值.

城市建成环境对共享单车还车量的影响分析

在确定共享单车客流最佳空间单元集计方法后,进行城市建成环境对共享单车还车量的影响程度分析。以厦门岛为例,将共享单车还车位置数据进行集计得出的空间单元还车量作为因变量,计算各空间单元的建成环境指标作为自变量,利用最小二乘法、地理加权回归、多尺度地理加权回归模型,针对8种空间单元划分方法进行回归分析,确定拟合优度最佳的空间单元划分方法,并分析建成环境变量影响程度的空间异质性。研究结果表明:①采用交通分区进行还车量集计的多尺度地理加权回归模型拟合优度最佳;②公司企业兴趣点密度、建筑密度、交叉口数量和共享单车电子围栏数量与还车量呈正相关;空间封闭度、科研教育兴趣点密度、至最近地铁站距离和兴趣点多样性与还车量呈负相关;最近公交站距离在西南部呈负相关,在西北、北部和东北部呈正相关。研究思路和方法为提高共享单车还车量预测模型精度提供了参考,建成环境变量影响程度的空间异质性结果为不同区位提出差异化的建成环境更新策略提供了科学依据。

基于Box-Cox Dogit停车需求预测模型研究

在总结目前流行的各种停车需求预测模型的基础上,根据非集计方法中的随机效用理论,从停车需求是由居民出行引起的基本思想出发,建立了基于Box-Cox D og it的停车需求预测模型.针对模型的建立、参数标定以及推广计算过程进行了推导,并依附长沙市停车调查研究项目进行了实例分析.此模型可应用于预测规划区域总的停车需求、不同车型的停车需求和小区内各个停车场的停车需求.

基于Box-Cox Dogit模型的公共交通分担率预测

通过分析影响交通方式选择的外部因素和内部因素,基于最大随机效用理论,提出了城市公共交通分担率预测的非集计Box-Cox Dogit模型。针对模型的建立、参数标定以及计算过程进行了推导。最后结合杭州市的实际调查数据,进行了公共交通分担率的预测实验,独立样本检验结果表明,模型预测准确率较高。

交通方式划分预测模型的研究

针对目前较为关注的非集计类交通方式划分模型,对目前较为常用的Logit模型的原理进行简单阐述,重点介绍了几种较为适用的Logit改进模型,最后采用文中介绍的模型对赣州市居民出行方式进行拟合比较.

MNL模型在交通方式划分中的新发展

MNL模型作为Logit模型的基本型式,在非集计方式的交通方式划分中有良好的应用前景。

New approach to develop a 3D non-isothermal computational framework for injection molding process based on level set method

The simulation of three-dimensional （3D） non-isothermal, non-Newtonian fluid filling process is an extremely difficult task and remains a challenging problem, which includes polymer melt flow with free surface coupled with transient heat transfer. This paper presents a full 3D non-isothermal two-phase flow model to predict the complex flow in melt filling process, where the Cross-WLF model is applied to characterize the rheological behav- ior of polymer melt. The governing equations are solved using finite volume method with SIMPLEC algorithm on collocated grids and the melt front is accurately captured by a high resolution level set method. A domain exten- sion technique is adopted to deal with the complex cavities, which greatly reduces the computational burden. To verify the validity of the developed 3D approach, the melts filling processes in two thin rectangular cavities （one of them with a cylindrical insert） are simulated. The predicted melt front interfaces are in good agreement with the experiment and commercial software prediction. For a case with a rather complex cavity, the dynamic filling process in a hemispherical shell is successfully simulated. All of the numerical results show that the developed numerical procedure can provide a reasonable orediction for injection molding process.

Estimating the ultimate bound and positively invariant set for a generalized Lorenz system

A generalized Lyapunov function was employed to investigate the ultimate bound and positively invariant set of a generalized Lorenz system.We derived an ellipsoidal estimate of the ultimate bound and positively invariant set for the generalized Lorenz system,for all the positive values of system parameters a,b,and c.Our results extend the related result of Li,et al.[Li DM,Lu JA,Wu XQ,et al.,Estimating the ultimate bound and positively invariant set for the Lorenz system and a unified chaotic system,Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Application,2006,323(2):844-653].

Accurate level set method for simulations of liquid atomization

Computational fluid dynamics is an efficient numerical approach for spray atomization study, but it is challenging to accurately capture the gas-liquid interface. In this work, an accurate conservative level set method is intro- duced to accurately track the gas-liquid interfaces in liquid atomization. To validate the capability of this method, binary drop collision and drop impacting on liquid film are investigated. The results are in good agreement with experiment observations. In addition, primary atomization （swirling sheet atomization） is studied using this method. To the swirling sheet atomization, it is found that Rayleigh-Taylor instability in the azimuthal direction causes the primary breakup of liquid sheet and complex vortex structures are clustered around the rim of the liq- uid sheet. The effects of central gas velocity and liquid-gas density ratio on atomization are also investigated. This work lays a solid foundation for further studvin~ the mechanism of s^rav atomization.

Symmetry Reductions and Group-Invariant Solutions of (2+1)-Dimensional Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon-Kotera-Sawada Equation

With the aid of symbolic computation, we present the symmetry transformations of the (2+1)-dimensionalCaudrey-Dodd Gibbon-Kotera-Sawada equation with Lou's direct method that is based on Lax pairs. Moreover, withthe symmetry transformations we obtain the Lie point symmetries of the CDGKS equation, and reduce the equation withthe obtained symmetries. As a result, three independent reductions are presented and some group-invariant solutions ofthe equation are given.

Some Properties of α-Subsets

In this paper, the concept of α-subsets is introduced in a lattice implication algebra and some properties are discussed. Then we prove that an α-subset is a lattice ideal of L. In the end, we discuss the properties of annihilator.

A new system of nonlinear variational inequalities with relaxed cocoercive mappings in reflexive Banach spaces

A new system for relaxed cocoercive non-linear variational inequalities in uniformly smooth Banach spaces is introduced and studied using the convergence of projection methods.Our results generalize and improve the corresponding results of recent works.

Model based reference metrology for dimensional characterization of micro- and nanostructures

The requirements on the precision of dimensional metrology are especially stringent in the area of semiconductor manufacturing. This holds in particular for the measurement and control of the linewidths of the smallest structures on masks and silicon wafers and their corresponding reference metrology. In this paper we will describe the physical models and the reference instrumentation which were developed for photomask linewidth metrology at the PTB. It will be shown, how the results of the different methods can be used for comparative analyses. Application of these methods will be demonstrated exemplarily on the basis of newly developed photomask linewidth standards.

A Depth-first Algorithm of Finding All Association Rules Generated by a Frequent Itemset

The classical algorithm of finding association rules generated by a frequent itemset has to generate all non-empty subsets of the frequent itemset as candidate set of consequents. Xiongfei Li aimed at this and proposed an improved algorithm. The algorithm finds all consequents layer by layer, so it is breadth-first. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm Generate Rules by using Set-Enumeration Tree (GRSET) which uses the structure of Set-Enumeration Tree and depth-first method to find all consequents of the association rules one by one and get all association rules correspond to the consequents. Experiments show GRSET algorithm to be practicable and efficient.

Reduction in the Water Level of Lake Victoria and Its Implications on Livelihoods in Rwanjaba Lakeshore Community,Uganda

This paper examines the livelihood challenges experienced in Rwanjaba Lakeshore Community during the period of low water level in Lake Victoria between 2004 and 2007 and identifies the livelihood coping strategies that were adopted to address them.A total of 55 households were randomly sampled and the data collection methods included household questionnaires and participant observations.The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science(SPSS) and the results presented with the help of descriptive statistics.The livelihood challenges experienced during the low lake water level included fish shortage(34.5%),household food scarcity(23.6%),sex for fish(18.2%),family breakdown(12.7%),increased theft(7.2%) and accidents due to the exposed rocks in the lake(3.6%).The livelihood coping strategies adopted to redress the challenges included causal labour(32.7%),maize roasting(23.6%),sand mining(18.2%),selling of snacks(12.7%),selling household property(9.1%) and resorting shop and market credits(3.6%).The paper proposes a number of recommendations for improving the livelihood of the community ranging from policy reforms to the diversification of activities.

Active Contours and Mumford-Shah Segmentation Based on Level Sets

This paper is to detect regions (objects) boundaries, also to isolate and extract individual components from a medical image. This can be done using an active contours to detect regions in a given image, based on techniques of curve evolution, Mumford Shah functional for segmentation and level sets. The paper classified the images into different intensity regions based on Markov random field, then detected regions whose boundaries are not necessarily defined by gradient by minimizing an energy of Mumford Shah functional for segmentation which can be seen as a particular case of the minimal partition problem. In the level set formulation, the problem becomes a mean curvature flow like evolving the active contour, which will stop on the desired boundary. The stopping term does not depend on the gradient of the image, as in the classical active contour and the initial curve of level set can be anywhere in the image, and interior contours are automatically detected. The final image segmentation is one closed boundary per actual region in the image.

Combining supervised classifiers with unlabeled data

Ensemble learning is a wildly concerned issue.Traditional ensemble techniques are always adopted to seek better results with labeled data and base classifiers.They fail to address the ensemble task where only unlabeled data are available.A label propagation based ensemble(LPBE) approach is proposed to further combine base classification results with unlabeled data.First,a graph is constructed by taking unlabeled data as vertexes,and the weights in the graph are calculated by correntropy function.Average prediction results are gained from base classifiers,and then propagated under a regularization framework and adaptively enhanced over the graph.The proposed approach is further enriched when small labeled data are available.The proposed algorithms are evaluated on several UCI benchmark data sets.Results of simulations show that the proposed algorithms achieve satisfactory performance compared with existing ensemble methods.

Recent Advances to Change the Standards in Designing Hulls in Waves, a Validation Using an Efficient SWENSE Level-Set Approach

This paper presents recent naval applications of the SWENSE （Spectral Wave Explicit Navier-Stokes Equations） approach implemented for the first time with high order fully unstructured schemes and an efficient level-set method to capture free surface flows around realistic hull geometries. Numerical simulations in waves and/or viscous flows still lead generally to very large CPU times because of grid requirements to ensure a good propagation of incident waves in the meshed part of the fluid domain that makes unreachable any hull design optimization process in an industrial context. Furthermore, even if the SWENSE method clearly shows promising results in an academic context in both regular and irregular waves, the most recent publications still highlight several issues that remain unresolved up to now, e.g. poor scalability, diffusive wake pattern, non-versatile structured mesh approaches and only very few validation test cases are carried out on Wigley or DTMB 5415 hulls. In order to overcome those numerical difficulties and get an in-depth validation of the method on several cases in realistic wave conditions, a two and a half years＇ research project has been achieved involving several steps, starting by a set of dedicated model test experiments later used as reference for the validation of the method. The CFD commercial code ANANASTM used and developed in this research program is presented and validated in detail. The use of high order schemes on unstructured grids in combination with these SWENSE method and level-set approach offer to the maritime industry an innovative and state of the art method to achieve unequaled accuracy, low computation time and some unique advantages such as, amongst others, the end of the numerical wave propagation problems. The results of the validation were pleasing and can be considered as acceptable in general, with some challenges remaining to the solyed. Results obtained indicate that an optimization processes in waves in realistic conditions is now affordable in an industrial context.

Pressure-tracking control of a novel electro-hydraulic braking system considering friction compensation

This work presents an integrated pressure-tracking controller for a novel electro-hydraulic brake(EHB) system considering friction and hydraulic disturbances. To this end, a mathematical model of an EHB system, consisting of actuator and hydraulic sub-systems, is derived for describing the fundamental dynamics of the system and designing the controller. Due to sensor inaccuracy and measurement noise, a Kalman filter is constructed to estimate push rod stroke for generating desired master cylinder pressure. To improve pressure-tracking accuracy, a linear friction model is generated by linearizing the nonlinear Tustin friction model, and the unmodeled friction disturbances are assumed unknown but bounded. A sliding mode controller is designed for compensating friction disturbances, and the stability of the controller is investigated using the Lyapunov method. The performance of the proposed integrated controller is evaluated with a hardware-in-the-loop(HIL) test platform equipped with the EHB prototype. The test results demonstrate that the EHB system with the proposed integrated controller not only achieves good pressure-tracking performance, but also maintains robustness to friction disturbances.