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祁连山区雪冰反照率变化及其对冰川物质平衡的影响 被引量:5
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作者 张太刚 高坛光 +1 位作者 刁文钦 张玉兰 《冰川冻土》 CSCD 北大核心 2021年第1期145-157,共13页
雪冰反照率能够改变冰川表面能量收支平衡,是影响冰川消融的重要因素之一。利用祁连山地区冰川面积矢量数据、MODIS逐日积雪反照率、气温和降水以及冰川物质平衡等数据,探讨了祁连山典型冰川区雪冰反照率特征及其对冰川物质平衡的影响... 雪冰反照率能够改变冰川表面能量收支平衡,是影响冰川消融的重要因素之一。利用祁连山地区冰川面积矢量数据、MODIS逐日积雪反照率、气温和降水以及冰川物质平衡等数据,探讨了祁连山典型冰川区雪冰反照率特征及其对冰川物质平衡的影响。结果表明:祁连山地区冰川多年平均反照率为0.532,冰川区面积大小与其多年平均反照率之间呈显著正相关(R2=0.16,P<0.05,N=91),即冰川面积缩减1km^(2),对应的平均反照率下降0.0025。祁连山老虎沟12号冰川反照率在夏季有明显的海拔效应,且强于其他时段,达到0.047·(100m)^(-1)。典型冰川年均物质平衡量与冰川表面夏季(6—8月)平均反照率之间存在显著的正相关关系,老虎沟12号冰川和七一冰川决定系数R2分别达到了0.48(P<0.05)和0.66(P<0.05)。冰川表面夏季平均反照率这一指标能够较好地衡量青藏高原北部祁连山地区冰川物质平衡的变化。 展开更多
关键词 反照率 冰川变化 冰川物质平衡 祁连山
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新疆雪天气浅析
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作者 李引湣 《和田师范专科学校学报》 2014年第1期118-121,共4页
新疆的雪从大尺度全球范围来看,主要是由冬季西伯利亚-蒙古高压和太平洋海洋低压相互作用引起北半球气候变化,从而影响中国西北地区山区降雪量。新疆冬季降雪很重要,对沙漠绿洲的生长有深远意义。本文通过对相关数据的统计分析,主要运... 新疆的雪从大尺度全球范围来看,主要是由冬季西伯利亚-蒙古高压和太平洋海洋低压相互作用引起北半球气候变化,从而影响中国西北地区山区降雪量。新疆冬季降雪很重要,对沙漠绿洲的生长有深远意义。本文通过对相关数据的统计分析,主要运用分析对比方法,对中国新疆气象的发展情况进行横向和纵向的比较。 展开更多
关键词 雪反照率 密度 强度
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基于两种辐射传输模型的雪粒径与反照率反演
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作者 范传宇 程晨 +3 位作者 戚鹏 刘向远 汪惜今 徐青山 《光学学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2020年第9期9-18,共10页
提出一种渐近辐射传输(ART)理论与离散纵标辐射传输法(DISORT)相结合的方法,用于反演雪光谱反照率。基于雪粒形状的二级科赫分形假设,利用不同卫星数据与ART理论的三种粒径反演方法反演研究区域的雪粒径,反演的雪粒径大小不同,但平均值... 提出一种渐近辐射传输(ART)理论与离散纵标辐射传输法(DISORT)相结合的方法,用于反演雪光谱反照率。基于雪粒形状的二级科赫分形假设,利用不同卫星数据与ART理论的三种粒径反演方法反演研究区域的雪粒径,反演的雪粒径大小不同,但平均值均在50μm左右。基于雪粒球形假设,根据反演的雪粒径,基于DISORT模型计算波段为0.3~5.0μm的雪光谱反照率,同时基于ART理论计算波段为0.3~1.5μm的雪的黑空与白空光谱反照率。由两种辐射传输模型计算的0.3~1.5μm的雪光谱反照率差异较小,表明雪粒形状假设合理,利用两种辐射传输模型相结合的方法能够计算太阳光谱的雪反照率。考虑到研究区域内黑碳等吸光性杂质的影响,修正了DISORT模型计算的雪光谱反照率。研究区域靠近国境边缘的西伯利亚地区时,吸光性杂质对于雪光谱反照率影响很小;研究区域为东北工业地区时,吸光性杂质会明显降低可见光波段的雪光谱反照率。 展开更多
关键词 大气光学 雪反照率 粒径 吸光性杂质 离散纵标辐射传输法 渐进辐射传输理论
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Snow Albedo's Dependence on Solar Zenith Angle from In Situ and MODIS Data 被引量:2
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作者 Zhuo Wang Xubin Zeng 《Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters》 2008年第1期45-50,共6页
Since snow cover is one of the fastest modifications to the land surface albedo, the treatment of snow-covered surface albedo is important for the simulation of land processes in weather and climate models. A simple f... Since snow cover is one of the fastest modifications to the land surface albedo, the treatment of snow-covered surface albedo is important for the simulation of land processes in weather and climate models. A simple formulation is developed here to represent the solar zenith angle (SZA) dependence of albedo under maximum snow cover condition on the basis of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) algorithm. The SZA dependence of black-sky (or direct) albedo is weaker under snow condition than that under snow-free condition, and it does not differ much among different vegetation types. The blue-sky albedo (or combined albedo from direct and diffuse radiations) based on the above formulation and in situ diffuse ratio of solar radiation is consistent with in situ data from two Canadian sites (grassland and evergreen needleleaf forest) and one U.S. grassland site. In particular, the SZA dependence of bluesky snow albedo is almost always weak because of high diffuse ratios for high SZA in winter. With the snow albedo formulation from this study and snow-free albedo formulations from the authors' previous studies, albedos with partial snow cover can be obtained as the snow frac- tion-weighted average of snow and snow-free albedos. 展开更多
关键词 snow albedo MODIS land model
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Role of Black Carbon-Induced Changes in Snow Albedo in Predictions of Temperature and Precipitation during a Snowstorm 被引量:8
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作者 ZHANG Ying LIAO Hong +1 位作者 ZHU Ke-Feng and YIN Yan 《Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters》 2009年第4期230-236,共7页
In this study the authors apply the chemistry version of the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF-Chem) to examine the impacts of black carbon (BC)-induced changes in snow albedo on simulated temperature an... In this study the authors apply the chemistry version of the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF-Chem) to examine the impacts of black carbon (BC)-induced changes in snow albedo on simulated temperature and precipitation during the severe snowstorm that occurred in southern China during 0800 26 January to 0800 29 January 2008 (Note that all times are local time except when otherwise stated). Black carbon aerosol was simulated online within the WRF-Chem. The model resuits showed that surface-albedo, averaged over 27-28 January, can be reduced by up to 10% by the deposition of BC. As a result, relative to a simulation that does not consider deposition of BC on snow/ice, the authors predicted surface air temperatures during 27-28 January can differ by -1.95 to 2.70 K, and the authors predicted accumulated precipitation over 27-28 January can differ by -2.91 to 3.10 mm over Areas A and B with large BC deposition. Different signs of changes are determined by the feedback of clouds and by the availability of water vapor in the atmosphere. 展开更多
关键词 Black carbon snow albedo WEATHER
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