零液量气井积液诊断及理论液气比计算

针对零液量气井油套压差大可能产生积液这一生产问题,以套压从环空按单相静止气柱计算的井底静压为基准,将油压从油管按单相流动气柱计算的井底流压与之比较,提出了零液量气井井筒积液的压降诊断方法。并对积液气井采用适于凝析气井的Gray模型预测井筒压降,拟合井底静压得到了理论液气比。经四川某气田开采末期实施增压开采气井证实:该方法简单、实用。研究成果为及时发现零液量气井并定量分析井筒积液提供了重要的理论依据。

控压钻井停止循环期间垂直环空连续气侵机理研究

为了提高控压钻井精度、反馈速度,确保井筒物质平衡及钻井安全性,有必要深入开展停止循环工况下的气液两相瞬态流动规律研究。基于计算流体动力学方法,应用VOF方法对停止循环期间垂直环空连续气侵的机理进行了数值模拟研究,得出了气侵发生后环空流体的运动特性。结果表明,气侵量越大,被顶出的钻井液体积越多、井底压力越小,但当气相的能量不足以将剩余的钻井液携带出井口时,井筒混相流体的流动由瞬态变为拟稳态的零液量流动,与常规气液两相流动一般性规律不同,零液量流动摩阻压降为负值。

Investigation on Liquid Holdup in Vertical Zero Net-Liquid Flow

Zero net-liquid flow (ZNLF) is a special case of upward gas-liquid two-phase flow. It is a phenomenon observed as a gas-liquid mixture flows in a conduit but the net liquid flow rate is zero. Investigation on the liquid holdup of ZNLF is conducted in a vertical ten-meter tube with diameter of 76 mm, both for Newtonian and nonNewtonian fluids. The gas phase is air. The Newtonian fluid is water and the non-Newtonian fluids are water-based guar gel solutions. The correlations developed for predicting liquid holdup on the basis of Lockhart-Martinelli parameter are not suitable to ZNLF. A constitutive correlation for the liquid holdup of vertical ZNLF was put forward by using the mass balance. It is found that the liquid holdup in ZNLF is dependent on both the gas flow rate and the flow distribution coefficient.