家乡的雷炎公园

我的家乡是位于黑龙江省中部的海伦市,红灯记的故事就发生在这里。市区里最著名的景观非雷炎大街和雷炎公园莫属。横贯海伦市区的雷炎大街和家喻户晓的雷炎公园都是以李雷炎烈士的名字命名的。雷炎大街是市区的主要交通干道,肩负着交通运输的重任。雷炎公园更是家乡人民休闲娱乐、运动健身的绝佳去处。

针刺雷火灸及刺络拔罐治疗膝关节骨性关节炎50例

目的:探讨针刺结合雷火灸及痛点刺络拔罐治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的疗效。方法:采用针刺、雷火灸及痛点刺络拔罐治疗膝关节骨性关节炎患者50例,疗程2周。结果:总有效率100%。结论:针刺结合雷火灸及痛点刺络拔罐治疗膝关节骨性关节炎有活血消肿止痛利膝的功效。

Production of 2,3-Butanediol by Klebsiella Pneumoniae Using Glucose and Ammonium Phosphate

The production of 2,3-butanediol by Klebsiella pneumoniae from glucose supplemented with different salts was studied. A suitable medium composition was defined by response surface experiments. In a medium containing glu-cose and (NH4)2HPO4, the strain could convert 137.0g of glucose into 52.4g of 2,3-butanediol and 8.4g of acetoin in shaking flasks. The diol yield amounted to 90% of its theoretical value and the productivity was 1—1.5g·L-1·h-1. In fed-batch fermentation, the yield and productivity of diol were further enhanced by maintaining the pH at 6.0. Up to 92.4g of 2,3-butanediol and 13.1g of acetoin per liter were obtained from 215.0g of glucose per liter. The diol yield reached 98% of its theoretical value and the productivity was up to 2.1g·L-1·h-1.

Free radicals and antioxidant systems in reflux esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus

AIM: Experimental studies suggest that free radicals are involved in acid and pepsin-induced damage of esophageal mucosa. The profile and balance between free radicals and antioxidant systems in human esophagitis are unknown. METHODS: Superoxide anion and its powerful oxidant reaction with nitric oxide (peroxynitrite) generation were determined in esophageal mucosal biopsies from 101 patients with different gastro-esophageal reflux diseases and 28 controls. Activity of both superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, were also assessed. Expression of Cu,ZnSOD, MnSOD and tyrosine-nitrated MnSOD were analyzed by Western blot and/or immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The highest levels of superoxide anion generation were found in patients with severe lesions of esophagitis. Peroxynitrite generation was intense in Barrett's biopsies, weaker in esophagitis and absent/weak in normal mucosa. Expression of Cu,ZnSOD and MnSOD isoforms were present in normal mucosa and increased according to the severity of the lesion, reaching the highest level in Barrett's esophagus. However, SOD mucosal activity significantly decreased in patients with esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus, which was, at least in part, due to nitration of its tyrosine residues. Catalase activity and GSH levels were significantly increased in mucosal specimens from patients with esophagitis and/or Barrett's esophagus. CONCLUSION: A decrease in SOD antioxidant activity leading to increased mucosal levels of superoxide anion and peroxynitrite radicals may contribute to the development of esophageal damage and Barrett's esophagus in patients with gastroesophageal reflux. Administration of SOD may be a therapeutic target in the treatment of patients with esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus.

Pyogenic liver abscesses associated with nonmetastatic colorectal cancers: An increasing problem in Eastern Asia

AIM: To elaborate the clinicopathologic features of colorectal cancer-related pyogenic liver abscess (PLA). METHODS: Reported cases of colorectal cancer-related PLAs were collected from the literature published up to October 2011 and evaluated for their clinicopathologic features. Data of collected cases included demographics, clinical presentation, microbial findings and treatment. Categorical variables were compared by 2 analysis and continuous variables were evaluated using Student's t test. RESULTS: A total 96 cases of colorectal cancer-related PLA were collected from the previous literature. Most patients (60%) were male and 40% cases occurred in the age group of 61-70 years. Apart from some special types of PLA, there were significant differences in the microbiological spectrum between Eastern Asia and non-Eastern Asian countries, which implied different risk factors and courses of the disease. Gram negative bacteria especially Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneu- moniae ) PLA was predominant in Eastern Asia (80.0%) in contrast to non-Eastern Asian countries (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, most of the Eastern Asian patients exhibited smaller size of liver abscess and atypical presentation. Sigmoid colon and rectum (72.73%) were the main sites of tumor in Eastern Asian patients, whereas tumor sites were uneven among most of the non-Easter Asian PLA patients. CONCLUSION:K. pneumoniae PLA was strongly associated with colorectal cancer, especially those occurring in sigmoid colon and rectum, in elderly Eastern Asian male patients.

Salting-out Extraction of 2,3-Butanediol from Jerusalem artichoke-based Fermentation Broth

The removal of solid impurities and separation of target products from a fermentation broth is becoming more tedious with the utilization of lignocelluloses as source of substrate.2,3-Butanediol,an important chemical used widely is also a main product of sugar-based fermentation carried out by Klebsiella pneumoniae.In this study,we investigated the use of salting-out extraction(SOE) that employed a K2HPO4/ethanol system consisting of 21% ethanol and 17% K2HPO4(mass fraction) to separate 2,3-butanediol from the viscous Jerusalem artichoke-based fermentation broth.After SOE,about 98% of solid matters was removed,and the viscosity decreased from 72.5 mPa s in the original fermentation broth to 4.4 mPa s in the top phase.The partition coefficient and yield of 2,3-butanediol reached 13.4 and 99%,respectively,and 89% of soluble proteins was removed from the broth.The results showed that SOE is an efficient way for isolating 2,3-BD from a highly viscous fermentation broth by removing much of the solid matters within the broth.

Nonlinear Mathematical Simulation and Analysis of Dha Regulon for Glycerol Metabolism in Klebsiella pneumoniae

Glycerol may be converted to 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) by Klebsiella pneumoniae under anaerobic conditions and glycerol dismutation involves two parallel pathways controlled by the dha regulon. In this study, a fourteen-dimensional nonlinear dynamic system is presented to describe the continuous culture and multiplicity analysis, in which two regulated negative-feedback mechanisms of repression and enzyme inhibition are investigated. The model describing the expression of gene-mRNA-enzyme-product was established according to the repression of the dha regulon by 3-hydroxypropionaldehy (3-HPA). Comparisons between simulated and experimental results indicate that the model can be used to describe the production of 1,3-PD under continuous fermentation. The new model is translated into the corresponding S-system version. The robustness of this model is discussed by using the S-system model and the sensitivity analysis shows that the model is sufficiently robust. The influences of initial glycerol concentration and dilution rate on the biosynthesis of 1,3-PD and the stability of the dha regulon model are investigated. The intracellular concentrations of glycerol, 1,3-PD, 3-HPA, repressor mRNA, repressor, mRNA and protein levels of glycerol dehydratase (GDHt) and 1,3-PD oxydoreductase (PDOR) can be predicted for continuous cultivation. The results of simulation and analysis indicate that 3-HPA accumulation will repress the expression of the dha regulon at the transcriptional level. This model gives new insights into the regulation of glycerol metabolism in K. pneumoniae and explain some of the experimental observations.

Bloodstream Infection with Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae and Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii:a Case Report

IN the presence of septic shock, every hour in delaying the administration of effective antibiotics is associated with a measurable increase in mortality. This is especially true for neutropenic patients with septic shock. As there is a higher incidence of involving multi-drug resistant pathogens for neutropenic patients, the decision on antibiotics regime remains a challenge for physicians.2 Immunosuppression and previous antibacterial use are factors that promote the spread of multi-drug resistant pathogens, and the possibility of co-existing multi-drug resistant pathogens should be suspected when treating patients with these risk factors who developed refractory shock. Here we present a case with neutropenic fever and refractory shock whose blood culture yielded multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and carbapenem- resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Optimization of fermentation conditions for 1,3-propanediol production by marine Klebsiella pneumonia HSL4 using response surface methodology

The industrially important organic compound 1,3-propanediol （1,3-PDO） is mainly used as a building block for the production of various polymers. In the present study, response surface methodology protocol was followed to determine and optimize fermentation conditions for the maximum production of 1,3-PDO using marine-derived Klebsiella pneumoniae HSL4. Four nutritional supplements together with three independent culture conditions were optimized as follows： 29.3 g/L glycerol, 8.0 g/L K2HPO4, 7.6 g/L （NH4）2SO4, 3.0 g/L KH2PO4, pH 7.1, cultivation at 35℃ for 12 h. Under the optimal conditions, a maximum 1,3-PDO concentration of 14.5 g/L, a productivity of 1.21 g/（L＇h） and a conversion of glycerol of 0.49 g/g were obtained. In comparison with the control conditions, fermentation under the optimized conditions achieved an increase of 38.8% in 1,3-PDO concentration, 39.0% in productivity and 25.7% in glycerol conversion in flask. This enhancement trend was further confirmed when the fermentation was conducted in a 5-L fermentor. The optimized fermentation conditions could be an important basis for developing low- cost, large-scale methods for industrial production of 1,3-PDO in the future.

LIVER TRANSPLANTATION IN PATIENTS WITHFULMINANT HEPATITIS B: EXPERIENCE IN CANTON, CHINA

To investigate the effect of orthotopic liver transplantation on fulm inant hepatitis B and the preventive efficiency of lamivudine on recurrence of h epatitis B in China. Patients and methods. Ten patients with fulminant hepatitis B received orthotopi c liver transplantation under veno venous bypass. All patients had preoperative ly serious jaundice, ascites and coagulopathy, and of whom 7 with encephalopathy , 2 with acute renal failure, and 1 with gastro hemorrhage. Rusult. Seven of the 10 patients have survived for 3～18 months, but 3 died of m ulti organ failure or recurrence of fulminant hepatitis B. Seven survivors took lamivudine and 6 of them have survived for 3～18 months without the signs of re currence of hepatitis B. Conclusion. Orthotopic liver transplantation is an effective therapy for fulmina nt hepatitis B, and lamivudine may prevent recurrence of hepatitis B after trans plantation.

Clopidogrel induced arthritis and fever

A 67-year-old woman with a history of diabetes mellitus and smoking was admitted to our hospital with chest pain for one month. Her resting electrocardiogram and serial troponin I measurements were normal. As the coronary artery angiography performed in another hospital showed severe lesions in the left anterior descending artery, we planned to perform the intervention on the left anterior descending artery by stent. Before the procedure, clopidogrel （300 mg loading dose） was initiated.

Seasonal and Spatial Variation in the Monitoring Parameters of Zomar Stream, Palestine during 2010

Levels of pollutants at Zomar stream, the only recreational area for the inhabitants of the northern part of the West Bank, Palestine, were recently determined, and have shown to be relatively high. Three bathing sites along the Zomar stream area were monitored for one year （fortnightly）. Wastewater samples were subjected to microbiological analysis （fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas, Enterococcus and Klebsiella）, physico-chemical analyses （water temperature, pH, electroconductivity and DO （dissolved oxygen））, biochemical oxygen demand, total Kjeldahl nitrogen and ammonia. The study results demonstrated seasonal and locational variations in all parameters studied. The highest levels of pollution were detected during summer, especially before a rainfall or after a discharge from onsite cesspits. Locations associated with sewage discharge were found to have the highest fecal indicator levels.

Antibiotic Activity of the Essential Oil of Laurel （Laurus nobilis L,） on Eight Bacterial Strains

The recent studies unveil more and more therapeutic properties of the essential oil of Bay leaf （Laurus nobilis L.）. The aim of this study is to determine the chromatographic profile of the essential oil of Bay leaf cultivated under the climatic conditions of the Algerian East and to test its antibiotic activity, against 8 bacterial strains （Escherichia coil, Serratia sp., Proteus sp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus D, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumanii）, by using different concentrations. The GC/MS analysis showed that the essential oil is rich in eucalyptol （35.31%）, [3 linalool （22.52%）, eugenol methyl ether （9.17%）, camphene （7.37%） and 3 carene （5.39%）. The antibiotic activity of the essential oil was determined by the diffusion on agar method. Measuring diameters of inhibition method of Vincent [1] indicated that bacterial strains which are very sensitive to even very diluted essential oil are Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus D, Serratia sp. and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli and Acinetobacter baumanii exhibit less sensitivity and Proteus sp. is especially sensitive to the pure oil. Laurus nobilis L. is a Mediterranean endemic that presents an interesting antibacterial activity and its culture should be encouraged and expanded in Algeria.

Microbial Biofilm Formation as a Dental-fouling Microorganisms Attachment Phenomenon in Oral Cavity Environment

DMFP （Dental microbial fouling phenomenon） of OCE （oral cavity environment） was studied in the local dental labs. Multi-smears of mature supra gingival plaques were randomly collected from fifty persons in dental labs that had different cultures, ages, sex and different scientific levels. Rapid microbial identification method was used to identify of these multi-smears by using vitek-2 compact instrument. The most frequent and appearance species of bacteria was Pantoeae spp., then Klebsiella pneumonia. Total species of microbial fouling in supra gingival plaques were included sixteen species： Staphyllococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pantoeae spp., Aercococcus viridians, Leuconostoc mesenteroides cremorise, Granuli.adiacens, Streptococcus sanguinis, Staphyllococcus sciuri, Stenotrophomonus maltiphilia, Kocuria varians, Gememlla morbillorum, Granulicatella adiacens, Nonreac biopattern, Kocuria kritinae, Kocuria rosea and Nonreac.biopattern while six fungal species were Tricoderma viride, Aspergillus flavus, Tricoderma harzianum, Cladosporium macrocarpum, Penicillium citrinum and Verticillium lecanii in addition to two yeast species were recorded Candida dubliniensis and Candida glabrata. The results were detected the most appearance of bacteria Pantoeae sp., then Klebsiella pneumonia, then Staphyllococcus aureus. These results of study suggest that adhesive strength conjugated with the biofilm layers presence in OCE may vary across different from one to other persons and mark a new path of inquiry for dental Microbial-fouling phenomenon research.

Klebsiella pneumoniae: epidemiology and analysis of risk factors for infections caused by resistant strains

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiology of hospital and community-acquired infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) and risk factors for infections caused by resistant strains. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was performed to analyze the relationship between antimicrobial use and bacterial resistance. RESULTS: A K. pneumoniae infection was diagnosed in 0.47% of patients (169 of 36 179) admitted to the hospital between 1 March 1999 and 31 August 2000. Of the 169 isolates, 166 (98.2%) were resistant to at least one antimicrobial and 91.1% (154/169) to two or more antibiotics. 98% were resistant to ampicillin, 77% to piperacillin, 64% to cephalothin, 60% to ampicillin/sulbactam, 59% to cefoperazone, 57% to cefazolin, 55% to cefuroxime, 51% to TMP-SMZ, 51% to tobramycin, 50% to gentamicin, 49% to aztreonam, cefetaxime and ceftriaxone respectively, 47% to ceftazidime, 47% to cefepime, 46% to ciprofloxacin, 46% to ticarcillin/clavulanate, 44% to amikacin, 38% to cefoxitin, 22% to piperacillin/tazobactam, while all strains were tested susceptible to imipenem. CONCLUSIONS: Prior receipt of amtimicrobial therapy was significantly associated with infection caused by a resistant organism and most strains were resistant to multiple antibiotics.

Use of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: progress and future prospects

Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F has significant anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties and is widely used for treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and kidney disease, especially in traditional Chinese medicine. The mechanisms underlying its effects may be diverse but they remain unclear, and its toxicity and side effects limit its wider clinical application. This review summarizes the clinical application of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F in recent years, as well as the results of studies into its mechanisms and toxicity, to provide a reference for its future clinical application.

Preliminary study on the role of novel Lys R family gene kp05372 in Klebsiella pneumoniae of forest musk deer

Lys R-type transcriptional regulators are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular metabolic processes in Klebsiella pneumoniae,leading to severe infection.Earlier,we found a novel Lys R family gene,named kp05372,in a strain of K.pneumoniae(designated GPKP)isolated from forest musk deer.To study the function of this gene in relation to the biological characteristics of GPKP,we used the suicide plasmid and conjugative transfer methods to construct deletion mutant strain GPKP-Δkp05372;moreover,we also constructed the GPKP-Δkp05372+complemented strain.The role of this gene was determined by comparing the following characteristics of three strains:growth curves,biofilm formation,drug resistance,stress resistance,median lethal dose(LD50),organ colonization ability,and the histopathology of GPKP.Real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was used to test the expression level of seven genes upstream of kp05372.There was no significant difference in the growth rates when comparing the three bacterial strains,and no significant difference was recorded at different osmotic pressures,temperatures,salt contents,or hydrogen peroxide concentrations.The GPKP-Δkp05372 mutant formed a weak biofilm,and the other two strains formed medium biofilm.The drug resistance of the GPKP-Δkp05372 mutant toward cephalothin,cotrimoxazole,and polymyxin B was changed.The acid tolerance of the deletion strain was stronger than that of the other two strains.The LD50 values of the wild-type and complemented strains were 174-fold and 77-fold higher than that of the GPKP-Δkp05372 mutant,respectively.The colonization ability of the GPKP-Δkp05372 mutant in the heart,liver,spleen,kidney,and intestine was the weakest.The three strains caused different histopathological changes in the liver and lungs.In the GPKP-Δkp05372 mutant,the relative expression levels of kp05374 and kp05379 were increased to 1.32-fold and 1.42-fold,respectively,while the level of kp05378 was decreased by 42%.Overall,the deletion of kp05372 gene leads to changes in the following:drug resistance and acid tolerance;decreases in virulence,biofilm formation,and colonization ability of GPKP;and regulation of the upstream region of adjacent genes.

Mild moxibustion plus loratadine tablets for children with allergic rhinitis:a randomized controlled trial

Objective To explore the efficacy of mild moxibustion plus loratadine tablets for children with allergic rhinitis(AR).Methods A total of 80 children were randomized into a control group and an observation group,with 40 cases in each group.The control group was treated with loratadine tablets,and the observation group was treated with mild moxibustion plus loratadine tablets.Before and after treatment,the total nasal symptom score(TNSS)was evaluated,and the serum eosinophils(EOS)count,and the interleukin(IL)-27 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)levels were measured.Clinical efficacy was evaluated after treatment.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the TNSS in both groups decreased(P<0.05),and the TNSS in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05);the serum EOS count in both groups decreased(P<0.05),and the serum EOS count in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The serum IL-27 level in the control group had no statistical difference compared with the same group before treatment(P>0.05),and the serum MIF level decreased after treatment(P<0.05).The serum IL-27 level in the observation group increased after treatment(P<0.05),and the serum MIF level decreased after treatment(P<0.05),and were both statistically different from those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Mild moxibustion plus loratadine tablets is effective in treating children with AR.It can significantly improve the nasal symptoms and reduce the serum EOS count,which may be related to the regulation of the serum IL-27 and MIF levels.

Efficacy observation on degenerative gonitis treated with triple needling combined with thunder-fire moxibustion

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of degenerative gonitis treated with triple needling combined with thunder-fire moxibustion for better promotion and clinical application. Methods Ninety-eight patients with degenerative gonitis were randomly divided into a thunder-fire moxibustion group （group A） and an acupuncture group （group B） according to randon number table, with forty-nine cases in each group. In group A, Neixiyan （内膝眼 EX-LE 4）, Dubi （犊鼻 ST 35）, Yanglingquan （阳陵泉 GB 34）, Xuehai （血海 SP 10）, Liangqiu （梁丘 ST 34）, Zusanli （足三里 ST 36）, Yinlingquan （阳陵泉 SP 9） and Xiyangguan （膝阳关 GB 33） were selected to accept triple and needling thunder-fire moxibustion for 20 min after the needles were retained for 40 min. The patients in group B were only treated with acupuncture. Thunder-fire moxibustion was not applied in the group B. The treatment was given once a day for four weeks. Knee function score and knee stiffness score in both groups were recorded before and after treatment, and the therapeutic effect was assessed. Results After four weeks＇ treatment, the total effective rate of group A was 93.9% （46/49）, which was superior to 71.4% （35/49） in group B （P〈0.05）. Improvement in knee stiffness in group A was superior to that in group B （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Triple needling combined with thunder-fire moxibustion had clinical efficacy on degenerative gonitis, which is a better treatment option with the total efficacy significantly superior to that of acupuncture only.

Clinical observation of Liu's infantile tuina therapy for allergic rhinitis

Objective： To discuss the clinical efficacy of Liu＇s infantile tuina therapy in treating kid＇s allergic rhinitis （AR）. Methods： Sixty eligible AR kids were randomized into a tuina group and a Western medication group by their visiting sequence, 30 cases in each group. The tuina group was intervened by Liu＇s infantile tuina therapy, once daily, 5 times as a treatment course, with a 2-day interval after a course; the control group was by orally taking Loratadine. The therapeutic efficacies were compared and analyzed after treatment for 4 successive weeks. Results： After treatment, the symptoms such as itchy nose, sneezing, runny nose, and stuffy nose were significantly improved in both groups （P〈0.05）, and the improvements in the tuina group were more remarkable than those in the Western medication group （P〈0.05）. The total effective rate was 90.0% in the tuina group versus 73.3% in the Western medication group, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Liu＇s infantile tuina therapy can produce a better therapeutic efficacy in treating AR kids compared to oral administration of Loratadine.