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面向模块化设计的客户需求分析 被引量:13
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作者 常艳 潘双夏 +1 位作者 郭峰 张健 《浙江大学学报(工学版)》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2008年第2期248-252,共5页
将灰色系统理论中的灰色关联度聚类模型运用于客户需求的量化分析,分析了模块化设计与客户需求之间的关系,提出了基于灰色系统的客户需求聚类模型.将客户需求描述成一系列的产品属性,每个属性又分为不同的属性水平,不同属性及属性水平... 将灰色系统理论中的灰色关联度聚类模型运用于客户需求的量化分析,分析了模块化设计与客户需求之间的关系,提出了基于灰色系统的客户需求聚类模型.将客户需求描述成一系列的产品属性,每个属性又分为不同的属性水平,不同属性及属性水平组合形成不同的需求模块.客户需求聚类模型根据需求之间的关联相似性进行聚类.首先将客户需求映射到工程指标,对不确定数值的需求进行取值白化;然后根据客户需求对结构的影响进行功能聚类分析,从客户需求中总结出基本功能需求模块、辅助功能需求模块;最后计算需求取值之间的灰色关联度构建层次聚类树图,根据聚类评价准则确定合理的关联度取值,得到最佳聚类结果.以减震器产品为例进行了实例验证,结果表明该算法是有效的. 展开更多
关键词 客户需求 需求量化 需求模块化 灰色关联度聚类
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基于移动医疗产品的医生用户需求层次结构模型 被引量:5
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作者 唐超兰 程峰 杨贤 《包装工程》 CAS 北大核心 2019年第22期125-129,163,共6页
目的科学量化医生用户需求,指导移动医疗产品设计。方法通过对目标用户的定性访谈,获得用户需求集合,并以此为依据设计医生用户需求调查量表;对获得的量表数据进行因素分析,根据各需求因子在需求维度上的因素负荷量,来对需求进行分类,... 目的科学量化医生用户需求,指导移动医疗产品设计。方法通过对目标用户的定性访谈,获得用户需求集合,并以此为依据设计医生用户需求调查量表;对获得的量表数据进行因素分析,根据各需求因子在需求维度上的因素负荷量,来对需求进行分类,得到医生用户需求评价体系;利用层次分析法,计算用户赋值,得到需求评价指标体系中各需求因子的权重。结果得到移动医疗产品医生用户需求层次结构模型,确定医生用户的四个需求维度、二十个需求因子和具体得分情况。结论结合层次分析法,最终以数字的形式,科学、直观地展示用户不同需求的优先级,在用户需求转换为产品功能的过程中,提供决策依据,设计出符合用户认知习惯的移动医疗产品。 展开更多
关键词 移动医疗 需求量化 因素分析法 层次分析法
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考虑信息化重要度的公交信息化项目建设时序研究
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作者 崔紫薇 蔡铭 +2 位作者 肖尧 林少锋 郭震 《公路交通科技》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2023年第12期181-188,共8页
合理规划各项目的建设时序是信息化建设中的关键问题,然而现有定量研究忽略了项目业务需求和数据需求的影响,且项目分批推进模式下的调度问题有待进一步研究。针对上述不足,考虑信息化重要度,提出了一种基于0-1规划模型的公交信息化项... 合理规划各项目的建设时序是信息化建设中的关键问题,然而现有定量研究忽略了项目业务需求和数据需求的影响,且项目分批推进模式下的调度问题有待进一步研究。针对上述不足,考虑信息化重要度,提出了一种基于0-1规划模型的公交信息化项目建设时序研究方法。首先,引入有向图概念提出定量描述业务关系的“项目业务入度”和“项目业务出度”指标,并从数据影响方面构建了“数据可用性”和“数据支撑性”指标。其次,采用CRITIC方法确定各指标的权重。接下来,使用线性加权和法集成4个指标,得到各项目的信息化重要度。然后,以全局信息化重要度最大为目标建立0-1规划模型。最后,利用贪心算法求解模型,得到各项目所属建设批次。以佛山市的10个公交信息化建设项目为例,研究其建设时序。同时,构建信息化建设效率作为评价指标,其综合了项目资金使用情况、信息化贡献程度和建设工期。结果表明:信息化重要度指标是合理的,且可大范围推广应用;所提方法的信息化建设效率为59.98%,高于建设成本排序方法和逼近理想解排序方法,可以有效指引公交信息化项目的建设,具有实际应用价值。 展开更多
关键词 智能交通 建设时序调度 0-1规划模型 公共交通信息化项目 业务需求关系量化 信息化重要度
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New Renewable Source of Energy from Municipal Solid Waste Plastics
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作者 M. Sarker M.M. Rashid M. Molla 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering》 2011年第3期309-315,共7页
The use of renewable energy is not new. More than 150 years ago, wood, which is one form of biomass, supplied up to 90 percent of our energy needs. Today, we are looking again at renewable resources to find new ways t... The use of renewable energy is not new. More than 150 years ago, wood, which is one form of biomass, supplied up to 90 percent of our energy needs. Today, we are looking again at renewable resources to find new ways to use them to help meet our energy needs. Overall consumption from renewable sources in the United States totaled 6.8 quads BTU (quadrillion Btu) in 2007 or about 7 percent of all energy used nationally. Consumption from renewable sources was at its highest point in 1997, at about 7.2 quads. Over half of renewable energy goes to producing electricity. Renewable energy plays an important role in the supply of energy. Even with the current fluctuating prices for fuel, U.S. residents and businesses pay a significant price for their utilities. Emissions from the evaporation and combustion of these traditional fossil fuels contributing to a range of environmental and health problems, causing poor air quality, and emitting greenhouse gases caused global warming. The method of producing alternative energy from municipal solid waste plastic is considered an effective way to meet the demand of energy need and save the environment at the same time. 展开更多
关键词 Renewable energy alternative energy waste plastics ENVIRONMENT global warming EMISSIONS liquid fuel.
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Successful Entrepreneurs: Its Leadership Style and Actual Practices
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作者 Nerisa N. Paladan 《Journal of Literature and Art Studies》 2015年第8期668-678,共11页
Entrepreneurs are facing pressures related to sustainability, quality assurance, and the ability to meet client expectations. Such pressures require effective leadership to lead, change, and improve enterprise perform... Entrepreneurs are facing pressures related to sustainability, quality assurance, and the ability to meet client expectations. Such pressures require effective leadership to lead, change, and improve enterprise performance in order to meet the demand for current and future business. Many of the new changes that are occurring in business today are transformational. They are driven by the environment and client need. The entrepreneur may not know the exact outcome at first, because it emerges throughout the process. It requires a fundamental change in their mindset and organizational culture, and requires continual course corrections to the change process. This research was conducted to help the aspiring entrepreneurs to develop and improve their leadership style. One hundred and fifty successful Bicolano entrepreneurs were surveyed and interviewed about their actual leadership styles and practices and this was the basis for developing a leadership program for aspiring or future entrepreneurs. Transformational leadership was the leadership style fairly often use of the successful entrepreneurs and this is characterized as being optimist about future of their business, enthusiastic about what needs to be accomplished, articulate a compelling vision of the future and expresses confidence that goals will be achieved. 展开更多
关键词 leadership style successful entrepreneurs leadership practices
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论流通演进的动力 被引量:1
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作者 朱发仓 苏为华 《财贸经济》 CSSCI 北大核心 2007年第S1期115-118,共4页
流通是为了缓解和解决商品供给和商品需求之间的矛盾而诞生的。本文认为,生产方式变革是引起商品供给变化的原因,称之为"生产方式引致的大量化";消费需求升级是引起商品需求变化的原因,称之为"消费需求引致的大量化"... 流通是为了缓解和解决商品供给和商品需求之间的矛盾而诞生的。本文认为,生产方式变革是引起商品供给变化的原因,称之为"生产方式引致的大量化";消费需求升级是引起商品需求变化的原因,称之为"消费需求引致的大量化"。当"生产方式引致的大量化"和"消费需求引致的大量化"在时间、空间、集散等方面发生矛盾时。这就必须借助流通使不一致的供给和需求转化为一致的交易,该矛盾推动流通不断演化与发展。 展开更多
关键词 流通演进 生产方式引致的大量化 消费需求引致的大量化
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Elucidating Variations in Nitrogen Requirement According to Yield, Variety and Cropping System for Chinese Rice Production 被引量:8
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作者 ZHANG Yi CHEN Xinping +1 位作者 MA Wenqi CUI Zhenling 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第2期358-363,共6页
Better understanding of the factors that influence crop nitrogen(N) requirement plays an important role in improving regional N recommendations for rice(Oryza sativa L.) production. We collected data from 1 280 plot-l... Better understanding of the factors that influence crop nitrogen(N) requirement plays an important role in improving regional N recommendations for rice(Oryza sativa L.) production. We collected data from 1 280 plot-level measurements in different reaches of the Yangtze River, China to determine which factors contributed to variability in N requirement in rice. Yield, variety, and cropping system were significantly related to N requirement. The N requirement remained consistent at about 18.6 kg N Mg^(-1)grain as grain yield increased from 7 to 9 Mg ha^(-1), then decreased to 18.1, 16.9, and 15.9 kg N Mg^(-1)grain as yield increased to 9–10, 10–11, and > 11 Mg ha^(-1), respectively. The decreased requirement for N with increasing yield was attributable to declining N concentrations in grain and straw and increased harvest index. Super rice variety had lower N requirement(17.7 kg N Mg^(-1)grain) than ordinary inbred and hybrid varieties(18.5 and 18.3 kg N Mg^(-1)grain, respectively), which was a result of lower grain and straw N concentrations of super rice. The N requirements were 19.2, 17.8, and 17.5 kg N Mg^(-1)grain for early, middle, and late rice cropping systems, respectively. In conclusion, the rice N requirement was affected by multiple factors, including yield, variety, and cropping system, all of which should be considered when planning for optimal N management. 展开更多
关键词 grain and straw N concentrations grain yield harvest index N management plant N uptake reciprocal internalefficiency
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