静态强化技术在水合物快速生成领域的应用

气体水合物技术在水资源、环保、石油化工等诸多领域都极具发展前景,而水合物因生成条件苛刻、诱导时间长、含气率低等问题严重制约其发展。机械搅拌、喷雾、鼓泡等动态强化技术因引入机械设备而使得系统的成本和能耗较高,相比而言,冰粉静态接触、加入表面油气储运活性剂、多孔介质环境、引入换热结构等静态强化措施不仅能缩短诱导时间,促进其快速生成,且能耗极大降低。简述了静态强化技术在水合物快速生成领域的应用,分析了各强化措施的研究现状及优缺点,最后指出在未来水合物快速生成强化的研究中,应综合使用多种强化措施以提高气体水合物生成速度。

静态肌肉强化训练对中度近视青少年平衡能力影响的实验研究

目的探索静态肌肉强化训练对提升中度近视青少年群体平衡能力的有效性及有效性程度。方法将30名患有中度近视的初中生随机分为实验组与对照组,进行12周的干预训练。实验组进行静态肌肉强化训练,对照组进行同等部位、肌肉群的传统力量训练。训练前后对被试的静态平衡能力进行测试。结果实验组在睁、闭眼情况下的平衡能力均有提高,NO、NC、PC状态下前、后测结果存在显著性差异,PO状态下前测与后测结果没有显著差异;对照组在NO、NC、PC状态下的平衡能力有一定程度的提高,NC状态下提高较为显著;静态肌肉强化训练对中度近视青少年平衡能力的提高程度要高于传统核心力量训练,且在NC、PC两种状态下存在显著差异,而NO、PO状态下不存在显著差异。结论静态肌肉强化训练与传统核心力量训练均对中度近视青少年的静态平衡能力有积极作用;对静态平衡能力的改善主要通过提高前庭功能与本体感觉来实现的;静态肌肉强化训练提高中度近视青少年静态平衡能力的效果优于传统核心力量训练。

Static aerobic composting of municipal sewage sludge with forced ventilation:Using matured compost as bulking conditioner

Static aerobic composting of municipal sewage sludge with forced ventilation or air ventilation using matured compost as bulking conditioner was investigated. Physical and chemical parame ,eters, e.g., temperature, moisture content, VSS, CODcr, pH, and germination index （GI）, were analyzed to characterize the composting process. Fermentation starts quickly in both forced and air ventilation compost heaps and reaches high-temperature stage after 2 d, owing to the bulking function of matured compost. Compared to air ventilation, however, forced ventilation enables the high-temperature stage to last longer for approximately 7 d. The moisture content of both compost bodies decreases from 62% to about 50% as a result of evaporation, and it decreases slightly faster in forced ventilation compost heap after 13 d due to the higher temperature and better ventilation condition. Although no obvious differences of VSS and pH are observed between both compost heaps, the soluble CODcr and GI show differences during the second half period of fermentation. In forced ventilation compost, the soluble CODcr has a small rebound after 13 d, and GI decreases from 46% to 35% but then increases. These results show that in general, the matured compost is a good conditioner and force ventilation with a proper air supply strategy can be more efficient than air ventilation.

The Static Stress Triggering Effects Related to the Yutian M_S7.3 Earthquake

This paper calculates the static Coulomb stress changes generated by four earthquakes in the Yutian area during 2008 ~ 2014 separately,then discusses the triggering influence,their accumulated Coulomb stress changes and their influence on nearby faults.The results indicate that the M S5.5 earthquake in 2011 and the M_S7.3 earthquake in 2014 are both in the regions where the Coulomb stress change is positive,the stress changes are 0.004 MPa and 0.021 MPa, respectively, meaning they are triggered by prior earthquakes.The M S6.2 earthquake in 2012 occurred in the place where Coulomb stress change was negative,so it is postponed by the prior earthquakes.The image of Coulomb stress changes of the M S7.3 earthquake in 2014 is in accord with aftershocks( M L≥ 3.0)distribution,but some regions on the fault where the Coulomb stress change is positive have few aftershocks,and strong aftershocks may occur at these districts in future.In addition,this paper calculates the Coulomb stress change on nearby faults,and finds that the Coulomb stress changes of different elements in the GGC fault are very different,and must receive strong triggered-influence,though the result may be influenced by the input finite fault model,so there is still a large earthquake-risk.The GGN,PLC,PLW and LBW faults were also triggered by the four earthquakes occurring between 2008 ~ 2014.Their maximum Coulomb stress changes all exceed 0.002 MPa,so they also have a strong earthquake hazard.

一种基于新非比例因子的多轴低周疲劳寿命预测模型研究

非比例附加强化效应对多轴低周疲劳寿命有着显著影响,其中加载路径引起的非比例度和材料自身的非比例特性是描述非比例附加强化效应的关键因素。论文结合相位角和应变比引起的非比例度提出了简单直观的新路径非比例度;引入了材料静态强化系数代替诸多临界平面模型中的非比例附加强化系数,避免了复杂的试验过程和数据拟合引入的误差,反映了无明显附加强化效应材料自身的非比例特性;综合路径和材料因素的影响提出了新的非比例因子,结合临界平面法建立多轴低周疲劳寿命预测模型,预测了13种材料的多轴低周疲劳寿命。通过与试验数据比较表明,基于新非比例因子建立的多轴低周疲劳寿命预测模型具有较高的预测精度和材料适用性。