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高血压不同种属动物模型的研究近况 被引量:7
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作者 李建橡 马晓聪 +1 位作者 邓学秋 岳桂华 《广西中医药大学学报》 2016年第3期75-78,共4页
高血压是遗传因素和环境因素相互作用而导致正常血压调节机制失衡所导致的疾病,是导致心血管疾病的最危险因素之一[1]。由于高血压发病的具体机制尚未完全阐明,近年来对高血压的研究也一直是热点问题。为了更好的研究高血压的发病机制... 高血压是遗传因素和环境因素相互作用而导致正常血压调节机制失衡所导致的疾病,是导致心血管疾病的最危险因素之一[1]。由于高血压发病的具体机制尚未完全阐明,近年来对高血压的研究也一直是热点问题。为了更好的研究高血压的发病机制、防治和预后,动物模型的建立是其研究的重要基础。根据造模种属不同,有不同种属的高血压动物模型;根据造模方法的不同,有遗传性、饮食性、应激性、手术性、神经源性、药物性和基因工程性高血压动物模型, 展开更多
关键词 高血压 动物模型 非人类灵长动物 综述
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First evidence of prey capture and meat eating by wild Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys Rhinopithecus bieti in Yunnan,China 被引量:4
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作者 Baoping REN Dayong LI +3 位作者 Zhijin LIU Baoguo LI Fuwen WEI Ming LI 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2010年第2期227-231,共5页
Most extant nonhuman primates occasionally prey on fast-moving, warm-blooded animals; however, Indriidae, Lepilemuridae, and Colobinae either scavenged for meat or did not eat meat at all. Here we report six cases of ... Most extant nonhuman primates occasionally prey on fast-moving, warm-blooded animals; however, Indriidae, Lepilemuridae, and Colobinae either scavenged for meat or did not eat meat at all. Here we report six cases of animal consumption by the snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus bieti in a wild, habituated group between 2004 and 2009 in Yunnan, China. At present, only males in an all-male unit within the study group were involved in active hunting. Such a male-biased activity may be related to the group structure and spatial spread of R. bieti. Two females were observed eating freshly killed birds. The findings confirmed that R. bieti engaged in scavenging and, when hunting, employed a cranio-cervical bite to kill their prey. Meat eating is likely a nutrient maximization feeding strategy in R. bieti, especially in males. A begging behavior occurred after successful prey capture. Although begging was observed, no sharing of the meat was seen. The present findings illuminate the dietary diversity of R. bieti and their ability to expand their dietary spectrum. 展开更多
关键词 Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys Rhinopithecus bieti COLOBINAE Hunting behavior Meat consumption Male-biased activity
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Influence of dominance rank and affiliation relationships on selfdirected behavior in female Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana) 被引量:4
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作者 Qi-Xin ZHANG Jin-Hua LI +3 位作者 Dong-Po XIA Yong ZHU Xi WANG Dao ZHANG 《Zoological Research》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2014年第3期214-221,共8页
Self-directed behavior(SDB) is characterized as an indicator of anxiety, frustration and stress in nonhuman primates. In this study, we collected self-directed behavior data from one group of free-ranging Tibetan maca... Self-directed behavior(SDB) is characterized as an indicator of anxiety, frustration and stress in nonhuman primates. In this study, we collected self-directed behavior data from one group of free-ranging Tibetan macaques(Macaca thibetana) at Mt. Huangshan, China(September 2012–May 2013) using a combination of behavioral sampling methods including focal animal sampling, behavioral sampling, continuous sampling and instantaneous sampling. Our results showed that females engaged in significantly higher rates of self-directed behavior when they were in proximity to dominant individuals compared to subordinate ones. Conflict losers significantly increased their SDB rates after agonistic episodes, indicating that SDB might also serve as an index of anxiety in M. thibetana. We further found that females significantly increased their SDB rates when focal individual was proximity to weakly affiliation relationship higher rank members than to strongly affiliation relationship higher rank members. If conflicts were not reconciled, the postconflict SDB rates of losers were higher when they stayed with strongly affiliation opponents; if conflicts were reconciled, victims of strongly affiliation relationships opponents engaged in more SDB rates before reconciliation than after reconciliation, while victims of moderately affiliation relationships opponents did not engaged in more SDB rates before reconciliation than after reconciliation. We conclude that both of dominance rank and affiliation relationships might both influence the SDB rates of female Tibetan macaques significantly, suggesting that SDB is not only an index of anxiety in Tibetan macaques, but also can provide a new insight into evaluation of social relationships between individuals. 展开更多
关键词 Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana) FEMALE Self-directed behavior (SDB) Dominance Rank Affiliation relationship
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Characterization of a Putative Filovirus Vaccine:Virus-Like Particles 被引量:1
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作者 Karen A O Martins Travis K Warren Sina Bavari 《Virologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第2期65-70,共6页
Filoviruses are hemorrhagic fever viruses endemic to parts of Africa and the Philippines. Infection carries with it a mortality rate of up to 90% and currently there are no effective vaccines or therapeutics available... Filoviruses are hemorrhagic fever viruses endemic to parts of Africa and the Philippines. Infection carries with it a mortality rate of up to 90% and currently there are no effective vaccines or therapeutics available to combat infection. However, the filovirus virus-like particles (VLP), which are currently under development, have been shown to be a promising vaccine candidate. They provide protection from infection in the mouse, guinea pig, and nonhuman primate models of infection, eliciting high anti-glycoprotein antibody titers and T cell responses to viral proteins. In this review, we will highlight the development of the filovirus VLP and describe the current understanding of VLP immunogenicity and correlates of protection. 展开更多
关键词 FILOVIRUS EBOLA MARBURG VACCINE Virus-like particle Correlates of Protection
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Social rank and cortisol among female rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)
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作者 Dong-Dong QIN Joshua Dominic Rizak +6 位作者 Xiao-Li FENG Xun-Xun CHU Shang-Chuan YANG Chun-Lu LI Long-Bao LV Yuan-Ye MA Xin-Tian HU 《Zoological Research》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2013年第2期J0008-J0015,共8页
In animal societies, some stressful events can lead to higher levels of physiological stress. Such stressors, like social rank, also predict an increased vulnerability to an array of diseases. However, the physiologic... In animal societies, some stressful events can lead to higher levels of physiological stress. Such stressors, like social rank, also predict an increased vulnerability to an array of diseases. However, the physiological relationship between social rank and stress varies between different species, as well as within groups of a single species. For example, dominant individuals are more socially stressed at times, while at other times it is the subordinate ones who experience this stress. Together, these variations make it difficult to assess disease vulnerability as connected to social interactions. In order to learn more about how physiological rank relationships vary between groups of a single species, cortisol measurements from hair samples were used to evaluate the effects of dominance rank on long-term stress levels in despotic and less stringent female rhesus macaque hierarchal groups. In despotic groups, cortisol levels were found not to be correlated with social rank, but a negative correlation was found between social rank and cortisol levels in less stringent hierarchies. Low ranking monkeys in less stringent groups secreted elevated levels of cortisol compared to higher ranking animals. These data suggest that variations in the strictness of the dominance hierarchy are determining factors in rank related stress physiology. The further consideration of nonhuman primate social system diversity and the linear degree of their hierarchies may allow for the development of valid rank-related stress models that will help increase our understanding and guide the development of new therapeutics for diseases related to human socioeconomic status. 展开更多
关键词 Social rank Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis CORTISOL FEMALE Rhesus macaques
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埃博拉病毒感染的治疗策略
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作者 潘蕾 贾战生 《国际流行病学传染病学杂志》 CAS 2014年第6期361-367,共7页
2014年3月以来,埃博拉出血热疫情在非洲等地流行,因其较高的发病率和病死率引起了全世界高度关注,但目前尚没有美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)批准的针对该病的预防或暴露后治疗用药。由于埃博拉病毒的传播途径不完全明确,研究认为除... 2014年3月以来,埃博拉出血热疫情在非洲等地流行,因其较高的发病率和病死率引起了全世界高度关注,但目前尚没有美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)批准的针对该病的预防或暴露后治疗用药。由于埃博拉病毒的传播途径不完全明确,研究认为除了直接接触感染性物质,它也可能在动物间通过空气传播。 展开更多
关键词 出血热 埃博拉 抗病毒治疗 暴露 人类灵长动物
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A functional paradigm for evaluating culture: An example with cetaceans 被引量:1
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作者 Alison Linda GREGGOR 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第2期271-286,共16页
Nonhuman culture was first considered in nonhuman primates because they are genetically similar to humans. How- ever, evolution is not progressive and therefore many species may occupy niches that favor socially trans... Nonhuman culture was first considered in nonhuman primates because they are genetically similar to humans. How- ever, evolution is not progressive and therefore many species may occupy niches that favor socially transmitted, group specific behavior. Not surprisingly, evidence for culture has accrued in several taxonomic groups, including cetaceans. If culture is an ada- ptation, it is imperative we understand the factors that favor its formation. Understanding the evolutionary origin of culture will allow for a wider range of species to be studied, including those that are difficult to test in the laboratory. I propose a broad-based functional paradigm for evaluating nonhuman culture; based on the idea that while not all cultural behaviors may garner fitness benefits to the individual, the ecological and social environments in which cultural behaviors evolved must have favored the physical attributes and social learning capabilities that allow for cultural formation. Specifically this framework emphasizes the relationships between social learning, ecology, social systems, and biology in relation to culture. I illustrate the utility of the func- tional paradigm with evidence from the ceteacean group, while setting the stage for a stringent species by species analysis. By means of contextualizing culture, the Functional Paradigm can evaluate a species' potential to exhibit culture and can investigate potentially cultural behaviors 展开更多
关键词 Nonhuman culture Social learning Evolutionary fimction CETACEANS
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